Facilitation Principles and Techniques
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Transcript of Facilitation Principles and Techniques
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Facilitation Principles and
Techniques
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The Inside Facilitator
Authorized by the Project Champion
Invites project team members
Announces the facilitator
WHY?
Keep the team on track
Assure all ideas are explored2
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The Inside Facilitator
Walking the ‘fine line’
Do not push the group to a specific solution
Always try to introduce your ideas last
If you have information you need to bring out, try to phrase it as a question
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Facilitation Components
Prepare
Conduct & follow-up
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Preparation
Process walk-through
Strawmodels
Ground Rules
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Preparation
Process walk-through Understand the process better Understand the questions to ask
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Preparation
Process walk-through Strawmodels
Can be a simple map of the process Allows the team to discuss the topics
in a logical sequence More productive faster
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Preparation
Process walk-through
Strawmodels
Ground Rules Govern the team’s conduct Empower the facilitator Can be added throughout the project
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Ground Rules
Generic behavior Listen carefully to other speakers
Respect the point of view of others
Suspend judgment and consider alternative approaches
Speak up and share your views
Avoid side conversations9
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Ground Rules
Project specific Identify policy decisions that are within
and outside of the scope of the group
Determine who will make a decision if the group cannot reach consensus
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Facilitation Components
Prepare
Conduct & follow-up
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Conduct & Follow-up Determine how information will be
retained Draw maps Record notes on chart paper Have someone else take notes
The facilitator should update the maps to prepare themselves for the next meeting
Validate the maps with the team at the next meeting
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Facilitation Techniques
Facilitation Styles
Group Management
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Facilitation Styles
Understand your default style The way you prefer to handle specific
situations
My default style Fun Patient Chaos
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Facilitation Styles
Understand your default style
Modify your style to deal with specific situations Tough talk
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Facilitation Styles
Understand your default style
Modify your style to deal with specific situations
Scripts Standard phrases used to introduce a
comment
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Group Management
Staying on schedule
Moving the line of inquiry forward
Building consensus
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Staying on Schedule
Use the agenda as a guide Shift from content to process
Script: “Let’s do a process check” Stay on this topic or move on Assign to a sub-group between meetings Run over scheduled time
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Staying on Schedule
Use the agenda as a guide
‘Parking Lot’ ideas for later Script: “With your permission I will
capture your idea on the parking lot.”
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Group Management
Staying on schedule
Moving the line of inquiry forward Asking questions
Summarizing ideas
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Elevate details to themes “It sounds like we need to determine
how much risk of internal mistakes we can tolerate.”
Moving the Line of Inquiry Forward
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Elevate details to themes Summarizing the ‘working
proposition’ The path that seems to be resonating
best with the group Direction for the line of inquiry Does not mean everyone has agreed Script: “Why don’t I run through the
working proposition?”
Moving the Line of Inquiry Forward
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Elevate details to themes Summarizing the ‘working
proposition’ Explain it in the vernacular
Use common words not organizational jargon
Moving the Line of Inquiry Forward
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Elevate details to themes Summarizing the ‘working
proposition’ Explain it in the vernacular Recognize ‘violent agreement’ and
move on Everyone favors an idea Script: “It seems like we are in violent
agreement.”
Moving the Line of Inquiry Forward
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Elevate details to themes Summarizing the ‘working proposition’ Explain it in the vernacular Recognize ‘violent agreement’ and
move on Move some issues to another venue
Moving the Line of Inquiry Forward
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Consensus is the solution everyone is willing to support
Recognize small victories Script: “We already agree on X, so
now we only need to focus on Y.”
Building Consensus
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Consensus is the solution everyone is willing to support
Recognize small victories Recognize common elements of
seemingly differing views Recognize views only differ by a few
elements
Building Consensus
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Consensus is the solution everyone is willing to support
Recognize small victories Recognize common elements of
seemingly differing views Working proposition morphs into
consensus
Building Consensus
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Avoid voting for the final Yes/No decision Don’t create winners and losers for
the final decision
Building ConsensusVoting
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Avoid voting for the final Yes/No decision
Where voting works Clarify the working proposition
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Building ConsensusVoting
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Avoid voting for the final Yes/No decision
Where voting works Clarify the working proposition Ranking importance (2-d matrix)
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Building ConsensusVoting
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Voting: Two-dimensional matrix
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BE
NE
FIT
EASE TO IMPLEMENTLO HI
HI
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Facilitation Summary
Facilitators allow for more productive meetings and projects
Preparation and follow-up are critical for a successful facilitation
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Facilitation Summary
Manage the group to: Stay on schedule Move the line of inquiry forward Build consensus
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