Facilitating Nanotechnology Knowledge Management Partnerships: A Case Study on Nano Material Based...

Facilitating Nanotechnology Knowledge Management Partnerships: A Case Study on

Nano Material Based Solar Cells

By

H. Purushotham Centre for Knowledge Management of Nanoscience & Technology(CKMNT)

(A Project of ARCI, Dept. of Science & Technology, Govt. of India) email: [email protected]

Nano Energy Seminar 12-13 August 2013 Organised by

Vision

Become a

state-of-the-art

one stop global

nanoscience and

technology

knowledge

centre and

network

seamlessly all

the ‘nano’ stake

holders.

Objectives

Generation of

Knowledge Databases Newsletter

Technology Monitoring

Services

Patent & Literature Search

and Analysis

Strategic Inputs to Nano

Mission

Technology Briefs

Techno-Commercial/

Market Research

Reports

Top ten countries in terms of number of

publications in 2012

Growth of Indian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Publications and Patents

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

266 310 153 111 65 53 32 18 17 11 6 7

355 394 553

821 971

1413

1931

2516

2987

3623

4762 4911

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Publications

Patents

Technology Reports

Directory Regulatory Frame

Work Guidelines

and Best Practices

Nano-Sensors

Nano-Copper

Nano-ZnO Sliver-Silica-

Silicon Oil

Composite

Publications of CKMNT

Line process for CIGS PV cell and R&D focus at ARCI

Substrates: Soda lime glass, polyimide & Stainless steel

Mo back

contact

CIG deposition

H2Se/Se treatment

CdS buffer

i-ZnO ZnO:Al front

contact

Performance testing

CIGS ink printing

Flash light treatment

CIGS by electro-

deposition

Flash light treatment

ARCI’s R&D focus

Objectives Development of easy and cost effective preparation route for efficient CIGS thin film solar cell

Pilot scale R&D facility for CIGS thin film solar cell on 30 cm x 30 cm substrate at ARCI

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

S N Equipments

1 Sputter coater

2 Se evaporation-RTP

3 CBD system

4 Scribing equipment

5 Substrate cleaning

6 Laminator

7 I-V testing system

8 Environmental chamber

9 XRF

CRYSTALLINE SILICON (1st Generation) THIN FILM (2nd Generation) Semi conducting

material that produces

electricity

Poly silicon Cadmium Telluride, Copper-Indium-

Gallium-Selenide or amorphous

silicon

Method of

manufacturing

Poly silicon waters cut into cells and strung

together to make modules

Semi conducting material coated on

either glass or flexible substrate

Efficiency 16-17 per cent 11-12 per cent

Cost 60-65 cents per watt 50-55 cents per watt

Advantage Established technology, in existence for

over 35 year

Performs better in hot climatic

zones such as India

Disadvantage Temperature degradation higher, efficiency

drops in hot conditions

Lower efficiency, therefore requires

larger area MW

SOLAR POWERS

ITALY

15.9 GW

USA

5.9 GW

GERMANY

30.1 GW

AUSTRALIA

1.7 GW

INDIA

1.2 GW

850 mw

Gujarat

201 mw

Rajasthan

20 mw

Maharashtra

17 mw

Tamil Nadu

16 mw

Jharkhand

The Solar States

PV technologies available to date and their efficiencies

PV Solar Technology Research Period

Devoted (Yrs)

Highest Efficiency Reported for Lab Scale Devices (%)

Efficiency Range for Large Area Solar Panels

1 (a) Mono-Crystalline Si (b) Multi-Crystalline Si (c) Amorphous Si

~70

~26 ~18 ~12

18~24 12~17

5~8

2 III-V Compounds ~50 ~39 ------

3 CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) Thin Film Solar Cells

~30 19.9 10-13

4 CdTe Based Thin Film Solar Cells

~30 16.5 8-10

5 Dye Sensitised Solar Cells ~20 ~12 ~5-6

6 Organic Solar Cells Based on Conducting Polymers

~10 ~3-6 -----

Source: I.M. Dharmadasa, Solar Energy Symposium, July 2009 Colombo, Sri Lanka

Search String: (((solar or photovoltaic* or Grätzel* or "photo-voltaic*")

and (cell* or device* or battery*) and (nano* or "quantum dot*" or

"quantum well" or "quantum-dot*"))) AND DP>=(20020101) AND

DP<=(20121231);

Period: January 01, 2002 to December 31, 2012

Coverage: Title, Abstract and Claims of the patents

Database: Thomson Innovation which covers 90+ patent authorities

Results: 10279 Patents

Patents Search Strategy

A CASE STUDY: Solar Cells Patents Analysis

A CASE STUDY: Solar cells Patents Analysis

120 160 175 254 324 447

657

994

1530

2512

3106

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

No

. o

f P

ate

nt

Pu

bli

cati

on

s

Years

Growth of patents on nanotechnology based solar cells (10279)

Co

ncep

tualizati

on

of

Q.D

. S

ola

r C

ell (

2000)

Nan

ow

ire b

ased

so

lar

cell (

2005)

Qu

an

tum

do

t so

lar

cells (

2006)

Pla

sm

on

ic P

ho

tov

olt

aic

s (

2008)



Published Patents,

13758, 78%

Granted Patents, 3848,

22%

Global Patent trends on nanotechnology based solar cells

(2002-2012)


Electrolyte, 3% (308)

Medium, 35% (3598)

Segmentation of Patents Based on Use of Nanotechnology in Various Solar Cell Comonents

Electrode:

Photoelectrode,

Photocathode,

Antireflective

Layer/ Coating,

Anode, Conducting

Transparent

Substrate/ Layer


Electrode,

62% (6373)


Source: Nanotech Insights, Oct 2010


Others*, 7%, (720)

Quantum Dot, 12%, (1233)

Organic/Polymer, 10%, (1028)

Nanowires/ Nanotubes based

solar cells, 5%, (514)

Thin Film, 24%, (2467)

Amorphus, 9%, (925)

Dye-sensitized, 33%, (3392)

Segementation of Solar Cells Based on Types of Nanomaterials (2002-2012)


* Plasmonic Solar Cells, Device or Add-Ons or Concentrators

33 43 73 158 216 332 368

1492 1604

2407

2830

723

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

No

. of

Pat

en

t P

ub

licat

ion

s

Countries

Distribution of prority countries for nanotechnology based solar cells (2002-2012)

Others : Mexico, Finland, Russia, Israel, Netherlands, Singapore, Brazil, Sweden etc.



156

80

76

76

63

62

56

54

53

49

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

FUJIFILM CORP

UNIV CALIFORNIA

KONICA MINOLTA HOLDINGS INC

IND TECH RES INST

SONY CORP

DU PONT

UNIV FUDAN

GEN ELECTRIC

IBM

No. of Patent Publications

Ass

ign

ee

/Ap

plic

ants

Patent Publication of Top 10 Assignees (2002-2012)



12

9

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

CSIR

Individuals

HONEYWELL INT INC

INDIAN ASSOC CULTIVATION SCI

MOSER BAER INDIA LTD

IIT

BHEl

COIMBATORE INST TECHNOLOGY

JNCASR

No. of Patent Publications

Ass

ign

ee

s

Distribution of patents by indian assignees in nanotechnology based solar cells (2002-2012)


Cluster Mapping of Plasmonic Solar Cells

Plasmonic (AND)= plasmonic and nano Nano (OR)= nano or quantom dot or quantum well

Device (OR)= Device or cell or battery Photovoltaic (OR)= photovolataic or solar

A CASE STUDY: Solar cells Patents Analysis Conclusions

• CKMNT matured to offer wide ranging KM services in all areas of NS & NT

• Patenting activity is growing across the globe (104% growth from 2010 to 2012)

• Leading countries are USA, China, Japan, South Korea

• Nanomaterials are used in electrodes (62%), medium 32% and electrolyte 3%

• Samsung electronics is on the top of 10 assignees

• Nanomaterials are used in Dye sensitised solar cells (33%), Thin films (24%), Quantum Dots (12%)

• Plasmonic solar cells, a promising 3rd generation technology has the potential to offer 95% efficiency by using entire spectrum of sunlight (UV, Visible, IR)

Facilitating Nanotechnology Knowledge Management Partnerships: A Case Study on Nano Material Based...

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