FABRIC MANUFACTURINGFibre / Yarn

Manufacture Fabric Manufacture Garment Manufacture

INTRODUCTION TO FABRIC MANUFACTURE

TECHNOLOGIES IN BRIEF

WEAVINGKNITTINGNON-WOVENBRAIDING

FUTURE FORECAST

CONTENT

Fabric manufacturing is one of the four major stages of textile value chain

Textile fabrics are special materials as they are light-weight, flexible (easy to bend, shear and twist) and strong.

There are four major technologies of fabric manufacturing

WEAVINGKNITTINGNON-WOVENBRAIDING

Fabric manufacturing may be preceded either by fibre production (in case of nonwoven) or by yarn manufacturing (in case of weaving, knitting and braiding)

INTRODUCTION

Interlacing two or more set of yarns at an angle.

It is primarily done by interlacing two orthogonal sets (warp and weft) of yarns in a regular and recurring pattern

For fabric formation in weaving, three primary motions are required SHEDDINGPICKINGBEAT UP

For uninterrupted manufacturing of fabrics, two additional secondary motions are required. These are,

TAKE UP MOTION LET OFF MOTION

Auxiliary motions WARP STOP MOTION (In case of warp breakage) WEFT STOP MOTION (In case of weft breakage) WARP PROTECTOR MOTION (In case of shuttle trapping)

WEAVING

Nonwovens are engineered flat structured fabrics which are not made by weaving but by bonding and entangling fibres by means of mechanical, thermal or chemical processes.

The major nonwoven technologies now available are Mechanically , hydro dynamically or aerodynamically formed fibre webs Web bonding Needle punching Hydro-entanglement Thermal bonding Spun bonded nonwovens Chemical bonding Web formation

NON-WOVEN

Knitting is the process of fabric formation by producing series of intermeshed loops.

Loops are the building blocks of knitted fabrics. The horizontal row of loops is called course. The vertical column of loops is called wale

There are two types/principles of knitting namely WARP KNITTING & WEFT KNITTING

The machine element which forms the loop is called needle.

KNITTING

Braid is made by interlacing three or more yarns or fabric strips, forming a flat or tubular narrow fabric.

Braided fabrics are created in a fashion similar to braiding of hair.

Inter weaving in a diagonal way, to obtain an overlapped structure. Used for the production of tubular textiles, Hollow or filled volume

In a consequent step the braid might be molded in a matrix into a more complex shape.

These fabrics are mainly used to make trimmings and shoe laces.

BRAIDING

German microbiology-student-turned-designer Anke Domaske uses milk to make a an "Eco Milk Fiber" called QMilch.

High-tech sports clothing company Virus uses recycled coffee beans for their stay warm line of cold-weather performance apparel.

 Researchers at the University of Guelph in Canada have declared that the slime produced by the prehistoric hagfish has the potential to be used in fashion because, once dried, it takes on Lycra-like qualities.

FUTURE

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