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‡ÊéŒÊÕ¸ ¬¢¿UË – ¬ˇÊË– ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ – πÈ‹Ê, ’¢œŸ ⁄UÁ„UÃ– ªªŸ – •Ê‚◊ÊŸ– ¬È‹Á∑§Ã – ¬˝‚ãŸÃÊ ‚ ÷⁄U– ∑§Ÿ∑§ – ‚ÙŸÊ–

¬˝‚¢ª ¬˝SÃÈÃ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÊ° „U◊Ê⁄UË Á„¢UŒË ∑§Ë ¬ÊΔU˜ÿ-¬ÈSÃ∑§ “fl‚¢Ã ÷Êª-w” ◊¥ ‚¢∑§Á‹Ã ∑§ÁflÃÊ “„U◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§” ‚ ‹Ë ªß¸ „Ò¥U– ß‚◊¥ ∑§Áfl¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§ ◊Êäÿ◊ ‚ SflÃ¢òÊÃÊ ∑§Ë ’ÊÃ ∑§⁄U ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU Á∑§ ªÈ‹Ê◊Ë ∑§Ë •¬ ÊÊ ÃÙ ◊⁄U ¡ÊŸÊ „UË •ë¿UÊ „ÒU–

√ÿÊÅÿÊ ßŸ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÙ¥ ◊¥ ∑§Áfl ¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§Ë •Ù⁄U ‚ ∑§„U ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU Á∑§ „U◊Ê⁄UÊ ’‚⁄UÊ πÈ‹Ê •Ê‚◊ÊŸ „ÒU– „U◊ ©U‚◊¥ ©U«∏UÃ „ÈU∞ „UË πÈ‡ÊË ∑§ ªËÃ ªÊ ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥U–ÿÁŒ „U◊¥U Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ ∑§⁄U ÁŒÿÊ ¡Ê∞ ÃÙ „U◊ ø„Uø„UÊŸÊ ÷Í‹ ¡Ê∞°ª– SflÃ¢òÊÃÊ ¬ÊŸ ∑§Ë ßë¿UÊ ◊¥ ¬˝‚ãŸÃÊ ‚ ÷⁄U∑§⁄U „U◊Ê⁄U ∑§Ù◊‹ ¬¢π ‚ÙŸ∑§Ë ‚‹ÊπÙ¥ ‚ •Ê ÊÊŒË ∑§ Á‹∞ ≈U∑§⁄UÊ-≈U∑§⁄UÊ ∑§⁄U ≈ÍU≈U ¡Ê∞°ª–

Áfl‡Ê· (I) πÈ‹ flÊÃÊfl⁄UáÊ ◊¥ ⁄U„UŸ flÊ‹ ¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§Ù ÿÁŒ Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ ∑§⁄U ÁŒÿÊ ¡Ê∞ ÃÙ fl •¬ŸÊ SflÊ÷ÊÁfl∑§ M§¬ πÙ ’ÒΔ¥Uª–

(II) ÷Ê·Ê ‚⁄U‹ •ı⁄U ‚⁄U‚ „ÒU–2


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fl‚¢Ã (÷Êª-w) 3

•Õ¸ª˝„UáÊ ‚¢’¢œË ¬˝‡ŸÊààÊ⁄U

¬‡Ÿ (∑§) ∑§Áfl •ÊÒ⁄U ∑§ÁflÃÊ ∑§Ê ŸÊ◊ Á‹Áπ∞–

(π) ∑§Áfl Á∑§‚∑§ ◊Êäÿ◊ ‚ ÄÿÊ ∑§„UŸÊ øÊ„UÃÊ „ÒU •ÊÒ⁄U ÄÿÙ¥?

(ª) ¬ˇÊË ∑§Ë ¬Ë«∏UÊ ∑§Ù ¬˝∑§≈U ∑§ËÁ¡∞–

©UàÃ⁄U (∑§) ∑§ÁflóÁ‡Êfl ◊¢ª‹ Á‚¢„U “‚È◊Ÿ”–∑§ÁflÃÊó„U◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§–

(π) ∑§Áfl ¬ˇÊË ∑§ ◊Êäÿ◊ ‚ ∑§„UŸÊ øÊ„UÃÊ „ÒU Á∑§ •Ê ÊÊŒË „UË ¡ËflŸ ∑§Ê flÊSÃÁfl∑§ ‚Èπ „ÒU– ªÈ‹Ê◊Ë ∑§Ë ÁSÕÁÃ ◊¥ „U◊ Ÿ ÃÙ ªÊ ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥U •ÊÒ⁄UŸ „UË ‚Èπ ‚ ⁄U„U ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥U– ªÈ‹Ê◊ „UÙŸ ∑§Ë ÁSÕÁÃ ◊¥ ŒÈπ ¬ÊÃ „ÈU∞ „U◊ •Ê ÊÊŒ „ÙŸ ∑§ Á‹∞ ◊⁄U-Á◊≈UŸÊ ¬‚¢Œ ∑§⁄¥ª–

(ª) ¬ˇÊË ªÈ‹Ê◊Ë ÷⁄UÊ ¡ËflŸ Ÿ„UË¥ ¡ËŸÊ øÊ„UÃ– fl ÃÙ πÈ‹ •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ◊¥ ©U«∏UŸ flÊ‹ ¡Ëfl „Ò¥U– Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ „UÙ∑§⁄U Ÿ ÃÙ fl ªÊ ¬Ê∞°ª •ÊÒ⁄U Ÿ „UË•¬Ÿ ¬¢πÙ¥ ‚ ©U«∏U ¬Ê∞°ª– ©Uã„¥U øÊ„U ‚ÙŸ ‚ ’Ÿ Á¬¢ Ê⁄ ◊¥ ’¢Œ Á∑§ÿÊ ¡Ê∞ ¬⁄U ªÈ‹Ê◊Ë ∑§Ë ¬Ë«∏UÊ ÃÙ flÒ‚Ë „UË ŒÈπŒÊÿË ⁄U„UªË– fl •Ê ÊÊŒ „Ù¡ÊŸ ∑§ Á‹∞ πÈ‡ÊË-πÈ‡ÊË Á¬¢¡⁄U ∑§Ë ÃËÁ‹ÿÙ¥ ‚ ≈U∑§⁄UÊ-≈U∑§⁄UÊ ∑§⁄U ©Uã„¥U ÃÙ«∏U ŒŸÊ øÊ„¥Uª– øÊ„U ©UŸ∑§ ß‚ ¬˝ÿÊ‚ ◊¥ ¬¢π ≈ÍU≈U ¡Ê∞° ¬⁄U flÁ¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ ⁄U„UŸÊ ÃÙ ∑§÷Ë ÷Ë Ÿ„UË¥ øÊ„¥Uª–

©UàÃ⁄U v. (∑§) ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ◊¥§ w. (ª) Á¬¢¡⁄ ◊¥ x. (π) ∑§Ÿ∑§ ÃËÁ‹ÿÊ¥ ‚ ≈U∑§⁄UÊ∑§⁄U y. (ÉÊ) ¬È‹Á∑§Ã

w. „U◊ ’„UÃÊ ¡‹ ¬ËŸflÊ‹◊⁄U ¡Ê∞°ª ÷Íπ-åÿÊ‚,∑§„UË¥ ÷‹Ë „ÒU ∑§≈ÈU∑§ ÁŸ’ı⁄UË∑§Ÿ∑§-∑§≈UÙ⁄UË ∑§Ë ◊ÒŒÊ ‚–

‡ÊéŒÊÕ¸ ∑§≈ÈU∑§ – ∑§«∏UflË– ÁŸ’ı⁄UË – ŸË◊ ∑§Ê »§‹– ∑§Ÿ∑§-∑§≈UÙ⁄UË – ‚ÙŸ ‚ ’ŸÊ ’Ã¸Ÿ–

¬˝‚¢ª ¬˝SÃÈÃ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÊ° „U◊Ê⁄UË Á„¢UŒË ∑§Ë ¬ÊΔU˜ÿ-¬ÈSÃ∑§ “fl‚¢Ã ÷Êª-w” ◊¥ ‚¢∑§Á‹Ã ∑§ÁflÃÊ “„U◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§” ‚ ‹Ë ªß¸ „Ò¥U– ß‚ ∑§ÁflÃÊ ◊¥∑§Áfl ¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§Ë SflÃ¢òÊÃÊ ∑§Ë ’ÊÃ ∑§⁄U ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU– ÿÁŒ ©Uã„¥U Á∑§‚Ë Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ ∑§⁄U ÁŒÿÊ ¡Ê∞ ÃÙ fl ø„Uø„UÊŸÊ ÷Í‹ ¡Ê∞°ª–

√ÿÊÅÿÊ ßŸ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÙ¥ ◊¥ ∑§Áfl ¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§Ë •Ù⁄U ‚ ∑§„U ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU Á∑§ „U◊¥ ’„UÃÊ „ÈU•Ê ¡‹ ¬ËŸÊ ¬‚¢Œ „ÒU– Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ „UÙ∑§⁄U ÃÙ „U◊ ÷Íπ-åÿÊ‚ ◊⁄U¡Ê∞°ª– Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ⁄U„U∑§⁄U ‚ÙŸ ∑§Ë ∑§≈UÙ⁄UË ◊¥ Á◊‹Ÿ flÊ‹ ŒÊŸ ‚ •ë¿UÊ ©Uã„¥U ∑§«∏UflË ŸË◊ ∑§Ê »§‹ ‹ªÃÊ „ÒU–

Áfl‡Ê· (I) ∑§Áfl ∑§Ê ÷Êfl ÿ„U „ÒU Á∑§ Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ Á◊‹Ÿ flÊ‹Ë ‚ÈÁflœÊ•Ù¥ ‚ •ë¿UÊ ©Uã„¥U ŸË◊ ∑§Ê ∑§«∏UflÊ »§‹ ‹ªÃÊ „ÒU– fl •Ê ÊÊŒ ⁄U„U∑§⁄U •¬Ÿ•ÁSÃàfl ∑§Ù ‚È⁄UÁˇÊÃ ⁄Uπ ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥U Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ⁄U„U∑§⁄U ÃÙ fl ÷Íπ-åÿÊ‚ „UË ◊⁄U ¡Ê∞°ª–

(II) ÷Ê·Ê ‚⁄U‚, ‚⁄U‹ •ı⁄U ÷Êfl¬ÍáÊ¸ „ÒU–



(π) ¬ˇÊË ∑§Ù Á∑§‚ ¬˝∑§Ê⁄U ∑§Ê ¡‹ ¬ËŸÊ •ë¿UÊ ‹ªÃÊ „ÒU?

(ª) ¬ˇÊË ∑§Ù ÄÿÊ Ÿ πÊŸÊ ÷‹Ê ¬˝ÃËÃ „UÙÃÊ „ÒU?

’„ÈUÁfl∑§À¬Ë ¬˝‡ŸÊàÃ⁄U

v. ¬¢¿UË ∑§„UÊ° ©U«∏UÃ „Ò¥U?

(∑§) ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ◊¥ (π) ÁflSÃÎÃ œ⁄UÃË ¬⁄U

(ª) ª„U⁄U ¬ÊÃÊ‹ ◊¥ (ÉÊ) ©UÕ‹ ¬ÊŸË ◊¥

w. ¬¢¿UË ∑§„UÊ° Ÿ„UË¥ ªÊ ¬Ê∞°ª?

(∑§) ÉÊ⁄UÊ¥ ◊¥ (π) Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥

(ª) ¬«∏UÊ¥ ¬⁄U (ÉÊ) ÉÊÊ¥‚‹ ◊¥

x. ¬¢Á¿UÿÊ¥ ∑§ ¬¢π ÄÿÊ¥ ≈ÍU≈U ¡Ê∞°ª?

(∑§) „UflÊ ∑§ flª ‚ (π) ∑§Ÿ∑§ ÃËÁ‹ÿÊ¥ ‚ ≈U∑§⁄UÊ∑§⁄U

(ª) ¬¢π »§«∏U»§«∏UÊŸ ‚ (ÉÊ) ¬ÊŸË ◊¥ ÷Ë¥ª∑§⁄U

y. ¬¢¿UË ∑§ ¬¢π ∑Ò§‚ „Ò¥U?

(∑§) ¬Ë‹ (π) ŸË‹

(ª) ∑§Ê‹ (ÉÊ) ¬È‹Á∑§Ã

Á‡Êfl◊¢ª‹Á‚


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∞◊ ’Ë «UË Super Refresher Á„¢UŒË - VII4

©UàÃ⁄U (∑§) ∑§ÁflóÁ‡Êfl ◊¢ª‹ Á‚¢„U “‚È◊Ÿ”–

∑§ÁflÃÊó„U◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§–

(π) ¬ˇÊË ∑§Ù ŸÁŒÿÙ¥ ◊¥ SflÊ÷ÊÁfl∑§ M§¬ ‚ ’„UŸ flÊ‹Ê ¡‹ ¬ËŸÊ •ë¿UÊ ‹ªÃÊ „ÒU– fl„U Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ ⁄U„U∑§⁄U ¡‹ ∑§Ë ¬˝ÊÁåÃ Ÿ„UË¥ ∑§⁄UŸÊøÊ„UÃÊ–

(ª) ¬ˇÊË ∑§Ù Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ⁄UπË ‚ÙŸ ∑§Ë ∑§≈UÙ⁄UË ◊¥ ⁄UπÊ ªÿÊ ÷Ù¡Ÿ πÊŸÊ ÷‹Ê ¬˝ÃËÃ Ÿ„UË¥ „ÙÃÊ– ©U‚ ÷Ù¡Ÿ ‚ ÃÙ ŸË◊ ∑§Ë ∑§«∏UflË ÁŸ’ÊÒ⁄UË ©U‚•Áœ∑§ Á¬˝ÿ ‹ªÃË „ÒU, ÄÿÙ¥Á∑§ fl„U •Ê ÊÊŒË ‚ ¬˝ÊåÃ „UÙŸ flÊ‹Ë „ÒU–


v. Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ¬ÊŸË Á◊‹Ÿ ¬⁄U ÷Ë ¬ˇÊË åÿÊ‚ ◊⁄U ¡Ê∞°ªÄÿÊ¥Á∑§ó

(∑§) ©Uã„¥U ’„UÃÊ „ÈU•Ê ¡‹ ¬ËŸÊ ¬‚¢Œ „ÒU

(π) ©Uã„¥U Áª‹Ê‚ ‚ ¬ÊŸË ¬ËŸÊ „ÒU

(ª) fl Δ¢U«UÊ ¬ÊŸË ¬ËÃ „Ò¥U

(ÉÊ) ©UŸ∑§Ë åÿÊ‚ ÃÎåàÊ Ÿ„UË¥ „ÈUß¸–

w. ÁŸ’ÊÒ⁄UË ∑Ò§‚Ë „ÒU?

(∑§) ◊ËΔUË (π) Ÿ◊∑§ËŸ

(ª) ∑§≈ÈU∑§ (ÉÊ) π≈˜UÔ≈UË

©UàÃ⁄U v. (∑§) ©Uã„¥U ’„UÃÊ „ÈU•Ê ¡‹ ¬ËŸÊ ¬‚¢Œ „ÒU w. (ª) ∑§≈È∑§ x. (∑§) ‚ÊŸ ∑§Ë y. (∑§) fl„U •Ê ÊÊŒË ◊¥ Á◊‹Ë „ÒU–

x. SfláÊ¸-oÎ¢π‹Ê ∑§ ’¢œŸ ◊¥

•¬ŸË ªÁÃ, ©U«∏UÊŸ ‚’ ÷Í‹,

’‚ ‚¬ŸÙ¥ ◊¥ Œπ ⁄U„U „Ò¥U

ÃL§ ∑§Ë »È§ŸªË ¬⁄U ∑§ ¤ÊÍ‹–

‡ÊéŒÊÕ¸ SfláÊ¸ – ‚ÙŸÊ– oÎ¢π‹Ê – ¡¢ ÊË⁄¥U– ÃL§ – ¬«∏U– »È§ŸªË – flÎ Ê ∑§Ê ‚’‚ ™§¬⁄UË ÷Êª–

¬˝‚¢ª ¬˝SÃÈÃ ¬Œ˜ÿ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÊ° „U◊Ê⁄UË Á„¢UŒË ∑§Ë ¬ÊΔU˜ÿ-¬ÈSÃ∑§ “fl‚¢Ã ÷Êª-w” ◊¥ ‚¢∑§Á‹Ã ∑§ÁflÃÊ “„U◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§” ‚ •flÃÁ⁄UÃ ∑§Ë ªß¸ „Ò¥U–ß‚ ∑§ÁflÃÊ ◊¥ ∑§Áfl ¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§ πÈ‹ •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ◊¥ ⁄U„UŸ ∑§Ë ’ÊÃ ∑§⁄UÃÊ „ÒU– Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ ⁄U„U∑§⁄U ¬ˇÊË •¬Ÿ SflÊ÷ÊÁfl∑§ M§¬ ∑§Ù πÙ ŒÃ „Ò¥U–

√ÿÊÅÿÊ ßŸ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÙ¥ ◊¥ ∑§Áfl ∑§„U ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU Á∑§ ¬ˇÊË ‚ÙŸ ∑§Ë ¡¢ ÊË⁄UÙ¥ ∑§ ’¢œŸ ◊¥ ¬«∏U∑§⁄U •¬ŸË øÊ‹ •ı⁄U ©U«∏UŸ ∑§Ê …¢Uª ‚’ ÷Í‹ ¡ÊÃ „Ò¥U– fl Á¬¢¡⁄U◊¥ ¬«∏U-¬«∏U ¬«∏UÙ¥ ∑§Ë ‚’‚ ™°§øË ‡ÊÊπÊ•Ù¥ ∑§ Á‡Êπ⁄UÙ¥ ¬⁄U ¤ÊÍ‹Ÿ ∑§Ê ’‚ ‚¬ŸÊ „UË ŒπÃ ⁄U„UÃ „Ò¥U–

Áfl‡Ê· (I) ∑§Áfl ∑§Ê ÷Êfl ÿ„U „ÒU Á∑§ Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ „UÙ∑§⁄U fl„U •¬ŸË øÊ‹, ©U«∏UÊŸ •ı⁄U ¬«∏UÙ¥ ∑§Ë «UÊ‹Ù¥ ¬⁄U ¤ÊÍ‹-¤ÊÍ‹Ÿ ∑§Ê ‚¬ŸÊ „UË ‹ ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥U–flÊSÃfl ◊¥ fl •¬Ÿ ‚¬Ÿ ∑§Ù ¬Í⁄UÊ Ÿ„UË¥ ∑§⁄U ‚∑§Ã–

(II) ÷Ê·Ê ‚⁄‹ •ı⁄U ‚⁄U‚ „ÒU–



(π) “SfláÊ¸ oÎ¢π‹Ê” ∑§ ’¢œŸ ◊¥ ¬ˇÊË ÄÿÊ ÷Í‹ ¡ÊÃ „Ò¥U?

(ª) ¬ˇÊË ’¢ŒË •flSÕÊ ◊¥ ÄÿÊ ‚¬Ÿ ŒπÃ „Ò¥U?


∑§ÁflÃÊó„U◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§–

(π) “SfláÊ¸ oÎ¢π‹Ê” ∑§ ’¢œŸ ◊¥ ¬«∏U∑§⁄U ¬ˇÊË •¬ŸË SflÊ÷ÊÁfl∑§ ªÁÃ •ÊÒ⁄U ©U«∏UŸÊ ÷Í‹ ¡ÊÃ „Ò¥U–

(ª) ¬ˇÊË ’¢ŒË •flSÕÊ ◊¥ ÿ„UË ‚¬Ÿ ŒπÃ „Ò¥ Á∑§ fl ‡ÊËÉÊ˝ „UË •Ê ÊÊŒ „UÙ∑§⁄U ¬«∏UÙ¥ ∑§Ë ‚’‚ ™°§øË «UÊÁ‹ÿÙ¥ ¬⁄U ¤ÊÍ‹Ê ¤ÊÍ‹¥– fl ◊ÈÄÃ •flSÕÊ ◊¥™°§øË ©U«∏UÊŸ ÷⁄¥U–

x. ¬ˇÊË ∑§ Á‹∞ ◊ÒŒÊ Á∑§‚ ∑§≈UÊ⁄UË ◊¥ ⁄UπË ªß¸ „Ò?

(∑§) ‚ÊŸ ∑§Ë (π) øÊ°ŒË ∑§Ë

(ª) ¬ËÃ‹ ∑§Ë (ÉÊ) „UË⁄U ∑§Ë

y. ÁŸ’ÊÒ⁄UË ∑§«∏UflË „UÊŸ ¬⁄U ÷Ë ¬¢¿UË ∑§Ê ÷‹Ë ‹ª ⁄U„UË „ÒUÄÿÊ¥Á∑§ó

(∑§) fl„U •Ê ÊÊŒË ◊¥ Á◊‹Ë „ÒU

(π) ©U‚ ∑§«∏UflÊ ÷Ê¡Ÿ ¬‚¢Œ „ÒU

(ª) ©U‚ fl„U ◊ËΔUË ‹ªÃË „ÒU

(ÉÊ) ©U‚ ©U‚∑§Ê ⁄¢Uª ¬‚¢Œ „ÒU


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fl‚¢Ã (÷Êª-w) 5


v. SfláÊ¸-oÎ¢π‹Ê ∑§ ’¢œŸ ◊¥ ÄÿÊ ÷Í‹ ª∞ „Ò¥U?

(∑§) ªÁÃ (π) ©U«∏UÊŸ

(ª) ŒÊŸÊ¥ (ÉÊ) ∑È§¿U Ÿ„UË¥

w. SfláÊ¸ oÎ¢π‹Ê ∑§ ’¢œŸ ‚ ∑§Áfl ∑§Ê ÄÿÊ ÃÊà¬ÿ¸ „ÒU?

(∑§) ‚ÊŸ ∑§ ª„UŸ

(π) ‚ÊŸ ∑§ Á‚Ä∑§

(ª) ‚ÊŸ ∑§ Á¬¢¡⁄U ∑§Ê ’¢œŸ

(ÉÊ) ‚ÊŸ ∑§Ë ⁄UÁS‚ÿÊ°

x. ¬¢¿UË ‚¬ŸÊ¥ ◊¥ ÄÿÊ Œπ ⁄U„U „Ò¥U?

(∑§) ÃL§ ∑§ »Í§‹

(π) ÃL§ ∑§Ë »È§ŸªË ∑§ ¤ÊÍ‹

(ª) »§‹ •ÊÒ⁄U ¬ÁààÊÿÊ°

(ÉÊ) ÃL§ ∑§ »§‹–

y. “ÃL§” ∑§Ê ¬ÿÊÿ¸flÊøË ¿UÊ°≈UÊó

(∑§) ¡‹¡ (π) Áfl≈U¬

(ª) ‚◊Ë⁄U (ÉÊ) ŸË⁄U

©UàÃ⁄U v. (ª) ŒÊŸÊ¥ w. (ª) ‚ÊŸ ∑§ Á¬¢¡⁄U ∑§Ê ’¢œŸ x. (π) ÃL§ ∑§Ë »È§ŸªË ∑§ ¤ÊÍ‹ y. (π) Áfl≈U¬

y. ∞‚ Õ •⁄U◊ÊŸ Á∑§ ©U«∏UÃŸË‹ Ÿ÷ ∑§Ë ‚Ë◊Ê ¬ÊŸ,

‹Ê‹ Á∑§⁄UáÊ-‚Ë øÙ¥ø πÙ‹

øÈªÃ ÃÊ⁄U∑§-•ŸÊ⁄U ∑§ ŒÊŸ–

‡ÊéŒÊÕ¸ •⁄U◊ÊŸ – ßë¿UÊ∞°– Ÿ÷ – •Ê‚◊ÊŸ– ÃÊ⁄U∑§ – ÃÊ⁄U–

¬˝‚¢ª ¬˝SÃÈÃ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÊ° „U◊Ê⁄UË Á„¢UŒË ∑§Ë ¬ÊΔU˜ÿ-¬ÈSÃ∑§ “fl‚¢Ã ÷Êª-w” ◊¥ ‚¢∑§Á‹Ã ∑§ÁflÃÊ “„U◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§” ‚ ‹Ë ªß¸ „Ò¥U– ß‚ ∑§ÁflÃÊ ◊¥∑§Áfl ¬ÁˇÊÿÊ¥ ∑§ ’Ê⁄U ◊¥ ’ÃÊ ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU Á∑§ fl πÈ‹ ªªŸ ◊¥ ⁄U„U∑§⁄U „UË •¬Ÿ •ÁSÃàfl ∑§Ù ’ŸÊ∞ ⁄Uπ ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥U– Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ „UÙ∑§⁄U fl •¬ŸÊSflÊ÷ÊÁfl∑§ M§¬ πÙ Œ¥ª–

√ÿÊÅÿÊ ßŸ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÙ¥ ◊¥ ∑§Áfl ∑§„U ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU Á∑§ ¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§Ë ßë¿UÊ πÈ‹ ŸË‹ •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ◊¥ ©U«∏UŸ ∑§Ë „ÒU– ©U«∏UÃ „ÈU∞ fl •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ∑§Ë ‚Ë◊Ê ∑§Ù ¿ÍUŸÊ øÊ„UÃ „Ò¥U– fl •¬ŸËøÙ¥ø ‚ •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ∑§ ÃÊ⁄UÙ¥ ¡Ò‚ •ŸÊ⁄U ∑§ ŒÊŸÙ¥ ∑§Ê øÈªŸÊ øÊ„UÃ „Ò¥U– fl •Ê ÊÊŒË ‚ ’„ÈUÃ ™°§øÊ ©U«∏UŸÊ øÊ„UÃ „Ò¥U–

Áfl‡Ê· (I) ∑§Áfl ∑§Ê ÷Êfl ÿ„U „ÒU Á∑§ ¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§Ë ÷Ë •¬ŸË ßë¿UÊ∞° „UÙÃË „Ò¥U, Á¡ã„¥U fl ¬Í⁄UÊ ∑§⁄UŸÊ øÊ„UÃ „Ò¥U– fl •¬ŸË ßë¿UÊ∞° SflÃ¢òÊ ⁄U„U∑§⁄U „UË ¬Í⁄UË∑§⁄U ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥U–

(II) ÷Ê·Ê ‚⁄‹ •ı⁄U ‚„U¡ „ÒU–



(π) ¬ÁˇÊÿÊ¥ ∑§ ÄÿÊ •⁄U◊ÊŸ Õ?

(ª) ¬ˇÊË •¬ŸË øÙ¥ø ‚ ÄÿÊ øÈªŸÊ øÊ„UÃ Õ?

©UàÃ⁄U (∑§) ∑§ÁflóÁ‡Êfl ◊¢ª‹ Á‚¢„U “‚È◊Ÿ”– ∑§ÁflÃÊó„◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§–

(§π) ¬ÁˇÊÿÊ¥ ∑§ •⁄U◊ÊŸ Õ Á∑§ fl πÍ’ ™°§øÊ ©U«∏¥U– flU ™°§øË ©U«∏UÊŸ ÷⁄UÃ „ÈU∞ ŸË‹ •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ∑§Ë ‚Ë◊Ê ∑§Ù ¿Í ‹¥–

(ª) ¬ˇÊË •¬ŸË ‹Ê‹ Á∑§⁄UáÊÙ¥-‚Ë øÙ¥ø ‚ •ŸÊ⁄U ∑§ ŒÊŸ¥ M§¬Ë •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ∑§ ÃÊ⁄UÙ¥ ∑§Ù øÈªŸÊ øÊ„UÃ Õ–


v. ¬ÁˇÊÿÊ¥ ∑§ ÄÿÊ •⁄U◊ÊŸ Õ?

(∑§) ŸË‹ªªŸ ◊¥ ©U«∏UŸ ∑§ (π) ¬«∏U ¬⁄U ⁄U„UŸ ∑§

(ª) ÉÊÊ¥‚‹ ◊¥ ‚ÊŸ ∑§ (ÉÊ) ◊„U‹Ê¥ ◊¥ ⁄U„UŸ ∑§

w. ¬ˇÊË Á∑§‚∑§ ŒÊŸ øÈªŸ øÊ„UÃ Õ?

(∑§) •ŸÊ⁄U ∑§ (π) ◊Ä∑§Ê ∑§

(ª) ª„Í°U ∑§ (ÉÊ) ŒÊ‹ ∑§

x. ¬ÁˇÊÿÊ¥ ∑§Ë øÊ¥ø ∑Ò§‚Ë „ÒU?

(∑§) ¬Ë‹ ‚Í⁄U¡ ¡Ò‚Ë (π) ∑§Ê‹ ’ÊŒ‹ ¡Ò‚Ë

(ª) ‹Ê‹ Á∑§⁄UáÊ ¡Ò‚Ë (ÉÊ) ŸË‹ •Ê∑§Ê‡Ê ¡Ò‚Ë

y. ¬ÁˇÊÿÊ¥ ∑§Ê •ŸÊ⁄U ∑§ ŒÊŸ ∑Ò§‚ ‹ª ⁄U„U „Ò¥U?

(∑§) ’Í°ŒÊ¥ ¡Ò‚ (π) ◊ÊÃË ¡Ò‚

(ª) ¬ààÊÊ¥ ¡Ò‚ (ÉÊ) ÃÊ⁄UÊ¥ ¡Ò‚

©UàÃ⁄U v. (∑§) ŸË‹ªªŸ ◊¥ ©U«∏UŸ ∑§ w. (∑§) •ŸÊ⁄U ∑§ x. (ª) ‹Ê‹ Á∑§⁄UáÊ ¡Ò‚Ë y. (ÉÊ) ÃÊ⁄UÊ¥ ¡Ò‚


K

C

K

C

∞◊ ’Ë «UË Super Refresher Á„¢UŒË - VII6

z. „UÙÃË ‚Ë◊Ê„UËŸ ÁˇÊÁÃ¡ ‚

ßŸ ¬¢πÙ¥ ∑§Ë „UÙ«∏UÊ-„UÙ«∏UË,

ÿÊ ÃÙ ÁˇÊÁÃ¡ Á◊‹Ÿ ’Ÿ ¡ÊÃÊ

ÿÊ ÃŸÃË ‚Ê°‚Ù¥ ∑§Ë «UÙ⁄UË–

‡ÊéŒÊÕ¸ ‚Ë◊Ê„UËŸ – •‚ËÁ◊Ã, Á¡‚∑§Ë ‚Ë◊Ê ÁŸÁ‡øÃ Ÿ „UÙ– ÁˇÊÁÃ¡ – ¡„UÊ° œ⁄UÃË •ı⁄U •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ¬⁄US¬⁄U Á◊‹Ã „ÈU∞ ¬˝ÃËÃ „UÙÃ „Ò¥U–„UÙ«∏UÊ-„UÙ«∏UË – •Êª ’…∏Ÿ ∑§Ë ¬˝ÁÃÿÊÁªÃÊ–

¬˝‚¢ª ¬˝SÃÈÃ ¬Œ˜ÿ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÊ° „U◊Ê⁄UË Á„¢UŒË ∑§Ë ¬ÊΔU˜ÿ-¬ÈSÃ∑§ “fl‚¢Ã ÷Êª-w” ◊¥ ‚¢∑§Á‹Ã ∑§ÁflÃÊ “„U◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§” ‚ ‹Ë ªß¸ „Ò¥U– ß‚∑§ÁflÃÊ ◊¥ ∑§Áfl ∑§„U ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU Á∑§ ¬ˇÊË •¬ŸÊ •ÁSÃàfl πÈ‹ ªªŸ ◊¥ ©U«∏U∑§⁄U „UË ’ŸÊ∞ ⁄Uπ ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥U– Á¬¢¡⁄U ◊¥ ’¢Œ „UÙ∑§⁄U flU •¬ŸÊSflÊ÷ÊÁfl∑§ M§¬ πÙ Œ¥ª–

√ÿÊÅÿÊ ßŸ ¬¢ÁÄÃÿÙ¥ ◊¥ ∑§Áfl ∑§„U ⁄U„UÊ „ÒU Á∑§ •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ◊¥ ©«∏UÃ „ÈU∞ ¬ÁˇÊÿÙ¥ ∑§ ¬¢πÙ¥ ◊¥ ∞∑§ „UÙ«∏U-‚Ë ‹ª ¡ÊÃË „Ò–U fl •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ∑§Ë ©U‚ ‚Ë◊Ê ∑§Ù ¿ÍU‹ŸÊ øÊ„UÃ „Ò¥U, Á¡‚∑§Ê ∑§Ùß •¢Ã Ÿ„UË¥ „ÒU– ©Uã„¥U ‹ªÃÊ „ÒU Á∑§ •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ∑§Ù ¿ÍU ‹Ÿ ‚ ©UŸ∑§Ê •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ‚ Á◊‹Ÿ ¬Í⁄UÊ „UÙ ¡Ê∞ªÊ– fl ÿ„UË ßë¿UÊ ‹∑§⁄U•Ê‚◊ÊŸ ◊¥ ©U«∏UÃ „Ò¥U Á∑§ ÿÊ ÃÊ fl ◊¢Á Ê‹ ∑§Ù ¬ÊåÃ „UË ∑§⁄U ‹¥ª ÿÊ Á»§⁄U ◊¢Á Ê‹ ¬ÊŸ ∑§Ë øÊ„U ◊¥ ©UŸ∑§Ë ‚Ê°‚¥ „UË ©Uπ«∏U ¡Ê∞ªË •ÕÊÃÔ fl ◊⁄U ¡Ê∞°ª–

Áfl‡Ê· (I) ∑§Áfl ∑§Ê ÷Êfl ÿ„U „ÒU Á∑§ ∑§ß¸ ’Ê⁄U ©UŸ∑§Ê •Ê‚◊ÊŸ ∑§Ë ‚Ë◊Ê ‚ Á◊‹Ÿ „UÙ ¡ÊÃÊ „ÒU •ı⁄U ∑§ß¸ ’Ê⁄U fl •œÍ⁄UË Á◊‹Ÿ ∑§Ë øÊ„U Á‹∞ „UË ß‚‚¢‚Ê⁄U ‚ ø‹ ¡ÊÃ „Ò¥U–

(II) ÷Ê·Ê ‚⁄‹, ‚⁄U‚ •ı⁄U ÷Êfl¬ÍáÊ¸ „ÒU–



(π) ¬ˇÊË ©U«∏UÃ-©U«∏UÃ Á∑§‚ ¿ÍU ‹ŸÊ øÊ„UÃ Õ?

(ª) ÁˇÊÁÃ¡ Ã∑§ Ÿ ¬„È°Uø ¬ÊŸ ∑§Ë ÁSÕÁÃ ◊¥ ¬ˇÊË ∑§Ù ÄÿÊ „UÙ ¡ÊÃÊ ÕÊ?


∑§ÁflÃÊó„◊ ¬¢¿UË ©Uã◊ÈÄÃ ªªŸ ∑§–

(π) ¬ˇÊË ©U«∏UÃ-©U«∏UÃ ÁˇÊÁÃ¡ ∑§Ù ¿ÍU ‹ŸÊ øÊ„UÃ Õ–

(ª) ÁˇÊÁÃ¡ Ã∑§ Ÿ ¬„È°Uø ¬ÊŸ ∑§Ë ÁSÕÁÃ ◊¥ ¬ˇÊË ∑§ ‚Ê°‚Ù¥ ∑§Ë «Ù⁄UË ÃŸ ¡ÊÃË •ÊÒ⁄U ∑§ß¸ ’Ê⁄U ÃÙ fl •œÍ⁄UË Á◊‹Ÿ ∑§Ë ßë¿UÊ Á‹∞ „ÈU∞ „UË◊⁄U ¡ÊÃ Õ–


v. ¬¢πÊ¥ ∑§Ë „UÊ«∏UÊ-„UÊ«∏UUË Á∑§‚‚ „UÊÃË „ÒU?

(∑§) ‚Ë◊Ê ‚ (π) ‚Ë◊Ê„UËŸ ÁˇÊÁÃ¡ ‚

(ª) ŸË‹ •Ê∑§Ê‡Ê ‚ (ÉÊ) ‹Ê‹ •Ê∑§Ê‡Ê ‚

w. “‚Ë◊Ê„UËŸ” ∑§Ê •Õ¸ „ÒUó

(∑§) Á¡‚∑§Ë ∑§Êß¸ ‚Ë◊Ê Ÿ „UÊ (π) Á¡‚ ¬ÊŸÊ ∑§ÁΔUŸ „UÊ

(ª) ¡Ê ‚ËÁ◊Ã „UÊ (ÉÊ) ¡Ê ‚¢ÁˇÊåàÊ „UÊ

x. “ÿÊ ÃŸÃË ‚Ê°‚Ê¥ ∑§Ë «UÊ⁄UË” ∑§Ê •Õ¸ „ÒUó

(∑§) «ÍU’ ¡ÊŸÊ (π) Áª⁄U ¡ÊŸÊ

(ª) ø…∏U ¡ÊŸÊ (ÉÊ) ◊⁄U ¡ÊŸÊ

y. “‚Ë◊Ê„UËŸ ÁˇÊÁÃ¡” ◊¥ “‚Ë◊Ê„UËŸ” ÄÿÊ „ÒU?

(∑§) ‚¢ôÊÊ (π) ‚fl¸ŸÊ◊

(ª) Áfl‡ÊcÊáÊ (ÉÊ) Á∑˝§ÿÊ

©UàÃ⁄U v. (π) ‚Ë◊Ê„UËŸ ÁˇÊÁÃ¡ ‚§ w. (∑§) Á¡‚∑§Ë ∑§Êß¸ ‚Ë◊Ê Ÿ „UÊ x. (ÉÊ) ◊⁄U ¡ÊŸÊ y. (ª) Áfl‡ÊcÊáÊ

{. ŸË«∏U Ÿ ŒÙ, øÊ„U ≈U„UŸË ∑§Ê

•ÊüÊÿ Á¿UãŸ-Á÷ãŸ ∑§⁄U «UÊ‹Ù,

‹Á∑§Ÿ ¬¢π ÁŒ∞ „Ò¥U ÃÙ

•Ê∑È§‹ ©U«∏UÊŸ ◊¥ ÁflÉŸ Ÿ «UÊ‹Ù–


MBD Super Refresher Class-VII CBSE /NCERT

Publisher : MBD GroupPublishers

ISBN : 9789385905087Author : Dr. RamkumarSharma

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