Extraoral Landmarks
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Transcript of Extraoral Landmarks
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ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS
OF PROSTHETIC INTEREST
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Objectives:
At the end of the lecture the student should beable to:
I- Define anatomical landmarks. II-Differentiate between bony landmarks
and soft tissues landmarks.
III- Identify extra-oral anatomical landmarks
and their relation to complete denture
construction.
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hese are anatomical !uides that
help in denture construction
hese are either:-
I- "ony landmarks II- #oft tissue landmarks
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Soft tissueslandmarks
on!
landmarks
POINTS OFCOMPARISON
$asily identified #ome are di"#ult topalpate% while others are
easil! palpated
Palpationand
identifcation
chan!in! theirrelation accordin! to
their mobility
&ixed in place Position
he measurement can beduplicated with more
accuracy thanmeasurements between
soft tissue landmarks.
Measurement
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E$tra Oral Landmarks of
Prost%eti#Im&ortan#e
'in t%e fa#e(
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)* +ermillion order,-* P%iltrum of t%e li&,.* Nasola/ial sul#us,
0* Mentola/ial sul#us,1* Modiolus,2* Ala*tra3us line,
4* Inter*&u&illar! line,5* T%e an3le of t%e mout% andt%e outer #ant%us of t%e e!e,
Extra-oral Landmarks
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)* +ermillion order
It is the transitional
epithelium betweenthe mucous
membrane of the lip
and skin
% f illi
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T%e amount of 6ermillion/order s%o7n on t%e li&sde&ends on
'-he bulk of the orbicularis oris muscle.
(- he amount of the labial alveolar bone.)-he ali!nment of the anterior teeth.
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After loss of Teet%
he amount of vermillionborder shown on theupper lip is reduced
Alveolar bone resorbed
he orbicularis oris muscleloses its support
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he condition can be
corrected by
thickenin! of the labial
flan!e of the dentureand proper positionin!
of the anterior teeth.
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(-P%iltrum of t%e Li&
It is a diamond
shapeddepression at
the center of the
upper lip andbase of the nose
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After loss of teet% andla/ial al6eolar /one8 t%e
&%iltrum /e#omes 9attened.
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T%is #ondition #an /e im&ro6ed /!
#onstru#tion of &ro&er denture 7it% ana&&ro&riate ar#%*form and toot%
ali3nment.
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)-Nasola/ial Sul#us
It is adepression
that extendslaterally anddownwards
from the alaof the nose.
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he sulcus becomes moreprominent with a!in! due
to loss of teeth and loss ofvertical dimension.
he condition can bemodified by proper de!reeof jaw separation and
tooth positionin!.
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*lumpers +thickdenture flan!es,
sometimes improve the
condition but it may
interfere with
muscular activity.
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-Mentola/ial Sul#us
his is a
depression
that runs
horiontally
between the
lower lip and
the chin
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Its curvature indicates
the character of the maxillo-mandibular relationship and
the de!ree of over-closure.
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An3le Class I'Normal Rid3e
Relations%i& (
he sulcus shows a!entle curvature
with obtuse an!le
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An3le Class IIRetruded Mandi/ular
Relation
he sulcus forms an acute an!le
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An3le #lass IIIProtruded mandi/ular
relations%i&
he sulcus
forms an an!le of
almost '/01.
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:ui;
Fig A Fig B Fig C
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2-Modiolus
It is located at the meetin! ofbuccinator and other facial
muscles distal to the an!le of
the mouth.
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3-Ala Tra3us Line 'Cam&er=s line(
he ima!inary line
extendin! from
the superior border of the
tra!us of the ear
to the inferior border of the ala
of the nose
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his ima!inary line is used
as a !uide to establish the
antro-posterior occlusal
plane of the artificial teeth.
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4-T%e Su&ra*Or/ital Rid3e and E!e Pu&il
'Inter*&u&illar! line(
he ima!inary line joinin!the pupils of the eye
called inter- pupillary
lineIt is used as a !uide toestablish the anteriorocclusal plane of the
artificial teeth.
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/-T%e An3le of t%e Mout% and t%e
Outer Cant%us of t%e E!e
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/-T%e An3le of t%e Mout% and t%e
Outer Cant%us of t%e E!e
he distance from the outer canthus of the eye to thean!le of the mouth was used by 5illis to determinethe vertical dimension of the edentulous patient atrest by makin! the distance from the base of thenose to the lower ed!e of the mandible e6ual to it.
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'
(
)
2
3
4
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A 32 -7$A8 O9D -A; *8$#$;$D O A D$;A9
&O8 8$#O8AIO; O& 9O# A?I99A87 A;D A;DI"@9A8
$$.
&or this caseA- Identify the extra-oral anatomical landmarks.
"- #elect a type of prosthetic appliance.
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Thank Yo