Extinction of Learned Behavior Lesson 14. Extinction of Reinforced Behavior n Behavior changes...
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Transcript of Extinction of Learned Behavior Lesson 14. Extinction of Reinforced Behavior n Behavior changes...
Extinction of Reinforced Behavior
Behavior changes relatively permanent Modifiable if situation changes NOT unlearning
Respondent: cue doesn’t predict important event CS : No US
Operant: B no longer followed by important event SD : B No SR ~
Effects of Extinction
Respondent behavior CR diminishes Emotional: frustration/relief
Operant behavior B Extinction burst Gradual B response variability ~
Operant Extinction
Strength of R
Hi
Lo
Acquisition B No SR
frustration burst & response variability ~
Extinction & Negative RFT
Escape behavior B terminates aversive event extinction similar to positive RFT
Avoidance Behavior B prevents aversive event Resistant to extinction limited exposure to SD
flooding exposure to complete SD ~
Extinction: Punishment
Recovery of Punished Behavior Behavior no longer punished
B no SR
B full recovery original B level depends on intensity & frequency
of punishment ~
Extinction vs Forgetting
Forgetting Decay of memory With passage of time
Extinction Requires B to occur repeatedly Without RFT ~
Extinction vs. Habituation
Habituation reflexive response Reflexive response inherited
Extinction in an acquired response B no longer reinforced Response acquired via learning ~
Operant: Extinction vs. Punishment
Both reduce behavior frequency extinction gradual strong punishment rapid
Positive punishment disadvantages fear responses escape/avoidance aggression ~
Why Does Extinction Occur?
Inhibitory learning CS+ : no US and SD : B no SR
contingencies change become inhibitory signals: CS- / SΔ
Operant: role of CERs nonRFT frustration
B aversive CER: B nonPunishment relief
B appetitive CER: B ~
Reinstatement after Extinction
Recovery of learned responses (CR) response to CS+ / SD
Phenomena Spontaneous Recovery Disinhibition Renewal effect
Shows that association intact NOT unlearned ~
Spontaneous Recovery
Strength of R
Hi
Lo
Acquistion Extinction CS/SD occurs
Time passes
Passage of time since last CS/SD ~
Disinhibition
Strength of CR
Hi
Lo
NovelStimulus
Acquistion Extinction CS/SD occurs
Novel stimulus precedes CS/SD ~
Renewal Effect
Extinction context-dependent Acquisition: “old” environment Extinction: “new” environment
Go back to “old” environment Responses are renewed
Indicates association intact All CS / SD not present during extinction different contexts ~
Reacquisition
Events paired again CS : US B SR
Associations quickly re-strengthened fewer trials asymptote than original acquisition
Because previous associations intact adaptive behaviors relapse for maladaptive behaviors ~
Parodoxical RFT Effects Particularly for CRF
expectation of RFT No SR frustration faster extinction
Overtraining Extinction Effect More training higher expectation of RFT
Magnitude of RFT RFT magnitude higher expectation of RFT
Frustration when not RFT aversive – acts like punisher ~