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EXPOSURE- Total amount of light allowed to fall on the photographic medium or sensor during the process of taking photograph- Refers to how bright or dark your photo is due to the amount of light that is recorded by your cameras sensor.

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EXPOSUREPROPERLY EXPOSED

•resemble the brightness of the original scene.

POORLY EXPOSED (Under & Over)

•either be too dark or too bright and may contain areas that are so dark or bright that they contain no detail

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Camera Meter

Device ( either built-in or hand held)

measures the amount of light reflected from or falling on the subject.

recommends a shutter speed and an aperture value to achieve correct exposure

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METERING STYLE

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Incident & Reflected

Incident Metering - reads the intensity of light falling on the subject (handheld meter)

Reflected Metering - reads the intensity of light reflecting off of the subject, they are easily fooled by variances in tonality, colour, contrast, background brightness, surface textures and shape. (camera built-in meter)

Incident Meter - more accurate than reflected metering

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EXPOSURE

LIGHT (water that

flows through

our hose)

APERTURE

(the hose)

SHUTTER SPEED amount of

time it takes to fill the bucket with water

ISOsize of the

bucket (small bucket more

sensitive)

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ELEMENTS OF EXPOSURE

Light – the most important element of exposure. Light creates shadows, highlights textures, accents, colours, creates moods and emotions, and a vast array of other enhancing effects in a photo. Light can also create harsh contrasts, bright spots, dark spots, glare, and other issues that are sometimes associated with poor photographs.

The aperture is an adjustable hole inside your lens that may be made larger or smaller to control the intensity of the available light.

The camera’s shutter is the device that opens and closes for a specified amount of time to allow the light entering the lens to expose the film. The duration of the opening is determined by the amount of light entering the lens. The aperture and shutter work together to produce correct exposures.

ISO of our sensor. The ISO rating of film describes its sensitivity to light. Higher numbers on this rating mean that the film is more sensitive to light and will expose faster than lower numbered ratings. Example: 200 speed film will expose twice as fast as 100 and four times faster than 50.

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Exposure Triangle

•Each corner of the triangle represents one of the three variables, Aperture, Shutter Speed and *ISO.

*ISO (International Standard Organization)

APERTURE – controls the area of which light can enter the cameraSHUTTER SPEED – controls the duration of exposureISO – controls the sensitivity of your camera’s sensor to a given amount of light

NOTEAdjusting just one of these will make the photo darker or brighter and will change the appearance of the photo based on what you have changed

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Camera Histogram

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ISOInternational Standard

Organization

ISO measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The same principles apply as in film photography – the lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain. Higher ISO settings are generally used in darker situations to get faster shutter speeds

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ISO 100 ISO 3200

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Mystery of the Gray Cat

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Colour Variations

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White - Gray - BlackBlack does not reflect much light, It reflects approximately 9% of the light that is falling on it.

White reflects much more. It reflects approximately 36% of the light that falls on it.

Gray is neutral. It reflects approximately 18% of the light that falls on it.

meter on black, our camera will detect less light than it should. If the camera detects a deficiency of light, it will cause you to overexpose your photograph if you follow the meter reading.meter on white, the camera will detect too much light and cause you to underexpose your photograph. meter on a gray area, the camera should allow you to calculate a correct exposure.

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18 % gray reflectance

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Getting the right exposureWhite on white Black on Black

www.google.com

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COLLOSEUM f/ 13, 1/250 sec. 18 mm

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LETS SHOOTTry BLACK subject against BLACK background

& WHITE subject against WHITE background

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Types of Meter

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Center-weighted

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Evaluative / Matrix

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Partial Meter

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Spot Meter

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Spot Meter

Spot Meter – most accurate but the trickiest & hardest to use

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BRACKETING

series of images of the same scene at a variety of different EXPOSURES that "bracket" the metered exposure (or manual exposure).

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Auto bracket / Button

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Bracketing

Purpose of Bracketing1. Inability to judge the correct exposure, based on camera LCD

2. Safety purposes3. Doesn’t have enough dynamic range to record (HDR)

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How to Bracket the shots- Manually adjusting through AEB button- Manually adjusting through changing the Aperture, Shutter

Speed of the camera.

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Shoot using different exposure

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Silhouette / Back Lighted Subjects

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Remedy the back-lighting situation

Adjust the exposure manuallyUse of reflector

Use of flash as fill

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