Exploring the Tipiṭaka - Ancient Buddhist Texts...499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha 499 BCE Setting...
Transcript of Exploring the Tipiṭaka - Ancient Buddhist Texts...499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha 499 BCE Setting...
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http://bit.ly/Tipitaka-Slides
Exploring the Tipiṭaka
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1. Traditional Teaching and Preservation of the Tipiṭaka
SOURCES:
Tipiṭaka
Dīpavaṁsa, the Island Lineage
Mahāvaṁsa, the Great Lineage
Samantapāsādika, Vinaya Commentary
Sinhala Mahā Aṭṭhakathā – The Great Commentary
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma
544 BCE Passing Away
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma
544 BCE Passing Away
544 BCE 1st Council (500 monastics)
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma
544 BCE Passing Away
544 BCE 1st Council (500 monastics)
444 BCE 2nd Council (700 monastics)
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma
544 BCE Passing Away
544 BCE 1st Council (500 monastics)
444 BCE 2nd Council (700 monastics)
c. 310 BCE 3rd Council (1000 monastics)
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma
544 BCE Passing Away
544 BCE 1st Council (500 monastics)
444 BCE 2nd Council (700 monastics)
c. 310 BCE 3rd Council (1000 monastics)
1st c. BCE 4th Council (500 monks)
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma
544 BCE Passing Away
544 BCE 1st Council (500 monastics)
444 BCE 2nd Council (700 monastics)
c. 310 BCE 3rd Council (1000 monastics)
1st c. BCE 4th Council (500 monks)
1871 CE 5th Council (2400 monastics)
Timeline:
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499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha
499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling
492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma
544 BCE Passing Away
544 BCE 1st Council (500 monastics)
444 BCE 2nd Council (700 monastics)
c. 310 BCE 3rd Council (1000 monastics)
1st c. BCE 4th Council (500 monks)
1871 CE 5th Council (2400 monastics)
1956 CE 6th Council (2500 monastics)
Timeline:
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2. The Contents of the Tipiṭaka
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Vinaya Piṭaka Sutta Piṭaka Abhidhamma Piṭaka
Tipiṭaka, Three BasketsVinaya
15%Total Pages: 15,577 pgs
Vinaya, 2,240 pgs, 15%
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Vinaya Piṭaka Sutta Piṭaka Abhidhamma Piṭaka
Tipiṭaka, Three BasketsVinaya
15%
Sutta53%
Total Pages: 15,577 pgs
Vinaya, 2,240 pgs, 15%
Sutta, 8,503 pgs, 53%
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Vinaya Piṭaka Sutta Piṭaka Abhidhamma Piṭaka
Tipiṭaka, Three BasketsVinaya
15%
Sutta53%
Abhidhamma32%
Vinaya, 2,240 pgs, 15%
Sutta, 8,503 pgs, 53%
Abhidhamma, 4,834 pgs, 32%
Total Pages: 15,577 pgs
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Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga Bhikkhuṇī Vibhaṅga Mahāvagga Cullavagga
Vinaya Piṭaka, Discipline
Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga
25%
BhikkhuṇīVibhaṅga
17%
Sutta Vibhaṅga
Major Divisions:
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Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga Bhikkhuṇī Vibhaṅga Mahāvagga Cullavagga
Vinaya Piṭaka, Discipline
Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga
25%
BhikkhuṇīVibhaṅga
17%Mahāvagga21%
Cullavagga21%
Khandhaka
Sutta Vibhaṅga
Major Divisions:
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Parivāra16%
Vinaya Piṭaka, Discipline
Sutta Vibhaṅga37%
Khandhaka47%
Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga Bhikkhuṇī Vibhaṅga Mahāvagga Cullavagga
Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga
25%
BhikkhuṇīVibhaṅga
17%Mahāvagga21%
Cullavagga21%
Parivāra16%
Khandhaka
Sutta Vibhaṅga
Parivāra
Major Divisions:
![Page 20: Exploring the Tipiṭaka - Ancient Buddhist Texts...499 BCE Awakening of the Buddha 499 BCE Setting the Dhamma Wheel Rolling 492 BCE Teaching the Abhidhamma 544 BCE Passing Away 544](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060920/60ac6f40cca8931066790fc9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Sutta Piṭaka, Doctrine
Majjhimanikāya, Middle-Length Discourses
Dīghanikāya, Long Discourses
Saṁyuttanikāya, Thematic Discourses
Nikāyas:
Aṅguttaranikāya, Numerical Discourses
Khuddakanikāya, Small (or Miscellaneous) Books
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Dīgha Nikāya Majjihma Nikāya Saṁyutta Nikāya Aṅguttara Nikāya Khuddaka Nikāya
Sutta Piṭaka, Doctrine
Mahāvagga, 10 Discourses
Sīlakkhandavagga, 13 Discourses
Pāthikavagga, 11 Discourses
Dīghanikāya Divisions:
DīghaLong10%
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Dīgha Nikāya Majjihma Nikāya Saṁyutta Nikāya Aṅguttara Nikāya Khuddaka Nikāya
Sutta Piṭaka, Doctrine
Majjhimapaṇṇāsa, 50 Discourses
Mūlapaṇṇāsa, 50 Discourses
Uparipaṇṇāsa, 52 Discourses
Majjhimanikāya Divisions:
DīghaLong10%
MajjhimaMiddle Length
17%
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Dīgha Nikāya Majjihma Nikāya Saṁyutta Nikāya Aṅguttara Nikāya Khuddaka Nikāya
Sutta Piṭaka, DoctrineMajor Divisions:
Nidānavagga, 10 Themes
Sagāthāvagga, 11 Themes
Khandhavagga, 13 Themes
Saḷāyatanavagga, 10 Themes
Maggavagga, 12 Themes
DīghaLong10%
MajjhimaMiddle Length
17%
SaṁyuttaThematic
18%Buddhaghosa, 7,762 Discourses
Bhikkhu Bodhi, 2,904 Discourses
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Dīgha Nikāya Majjihma Nikāya Saṁyutta Nikāya Aṅguttara Nikāya Khuddaka Nikāya
Sutta Piṭaka, Doctrine DīghaLong10%
MajjhimaMiddle Length
17%
SaṁyuttaThematic
18%
AṅguttaraNumerical
20%
Numbers Increasing from 1-11
Buddhaghosa, 9,557 Discourses
Bhikkhu Bodhi, 8,122 Discourses
Divisions:
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Parivāra16%
Sutta Piṭaka, Doctrine
Sutta Vibhaṅga37%
Khandhaka47%
Dīgha Nikāya Majjihma Nikāya Saṁyutta Nikāya Aṅguttara Nikāya Khuddaka Nikāya
SaṁyuttaThematic
18%
AṅguttaraIncreasing Number
20%
KhuddhakaShort35%
MajjhimaMiddle Length
17%
Khuddakanikāya:
DīghaLong10%
Early Texts, 4 (5) Books
Verse Texts, 8 Books
Commentary-Type, 3 (6) Books
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Parivāra16%
Sutta Piṭaka, Doctrine
Sutta Vibhaṅga37%
Khandhaka47%
Dīgha Nikāya Majjihma Nikāya Saṁyutta Nikāya Aṅguttara Nikāya Khuddaka Nikāya
SaṁyuttaThematic
18%
AṅguttaraIncreasing Number
20%
KhuddhakaShort35%
MajjhimaMiddle Length
17%
DīghaLong10%
(Khuddakapāṭha)DhammapadaUdānaItivuttakaSuttanipāta
Early Texts:
Khuddakanikāya:
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Parivāra16%
Sutta Piṭaka, Doctrine
Sutta Vibhaṅga37%
Khandhaka47%
Dīgha Nikāya Majjihma Nikāya Saṁyutta Nikāya Aṅguttara Nikāya Khuddaka Nikāya
SaṁyuttaThematic
18%
AṅguttaraIncreasing Number
20%
KhuddhakaShort35%
MajjhimaMiddle Length
17%
DīghaLong10%
VimānavatthuPetavatthuTheragāthāTherīgāthāJātakaApadānaBuddhavaṁsaCariyāpiṭaka
Verse Texts:
Khuddakanikāya:
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Parivāra16%
Sutta Piṭaka, Doctrine
Sutta Vibhaṅga37%
Khandhaka47%
Dīgha Nikāya Majjihma Nikāya Saṁyutta Nikāya Aṅguttara Nikāya Khuddaka Nikāya
SaṁyuttaThematic
18%
AṅguttaraIncreasing Number
20%
KhuddhakaShort35%
MajjhimaMiddle Length
17%
DīghaLong10%
MahāniddesaCūḷaniddesaPaṭisambhidāmagga
MilindapañhaNettippakaraṇaPeṭakopadesa
Commentary-Type Texts:
Khuddakanikāya:
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Parivāra16%
Sutta Vibhaṅga37%
Khandhaka47%
Therīgāthā Apadāna Buddhavaṁsa Cariyāpiṭaka Jātaka
(Khuddakapāṭha)DhammapadaUdānaItivuttakaSuttanipātaVimānavatthuPetavatthuTheragāthāTherīgāthāJātaka ApadānaBuddhavaṁsaCariyāpiṭaka
Total Verses:
72423
77263
1,1491,291
8231,279
5226,9055,228
960372
19,364
JātakaBirth Stories
35%
ApadānaTraditions
27%
Khuddaka Nikāya
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Dhātukathā Puggalapaññatti Kathāvatthu Yamaka Paṭṭhāna
Abhidhamma PiṭakaAbstract Teaching
Dhammasaṅgaṇī 7%
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Dhātukathā Puggalapaññatti Kathāvatthu Yamaka Paṭṭhāna
Abhidhamma PiṭakaAbstract Teaching
Dhammasaṅgaṇī 7%Vibhaṅga 10%
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Dhātukathā Puggalapaññatti Kathāvatthu Yamaka Paṭṭhāna
Abhidhamma PiṭakaAbstract Teaching
Dhammasaṅgaṇī 7%Vibhaṅga 10%
Dhātukathā 0.3%
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Dhātukathā Puggalapaññatti Kathāvatthu Yamaka Paṭṭhāna
Abhidhamma PiṭakaAbstract Teaching
Dhammasaṅgaṇī 7%Vibhaṅga 10%
Dhātukathā 0.3%Puggalapaññatti 0.5%
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Dhātukathā Puggalapaññatti Kathāvatthu Yamaka Paṭṭhāna
Abhidhamma PiṭakaAbstract Teaching
Dhammasaṅgaṇī 7%Vibhaṅga 10%
Dhātukathā 0.3%Puggalapaññatti 0.5%Kathāvatthu 10%
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Dhātukathā Puggalapaññatti Kathāvatthu Yamaka Paṭṭhāna
Abhidhamma PiṭakaAbstract Teaching
Dhammasaṅgaṇī 7%Vibhaṅga 10%
Dhātukathā 0.3%Puggalapaññatti 0.5%Kathāvatthu 10%Yamaka 21%
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Dhātukathā Puggalapaññatti Kathāvatthu Yamaka Paṭṭhāna
Abhidhamma PiṭakaAbstract Teaching
Dhammasaṅgaṇī 7%Vibhaṅga 10%
Dhātukathā 0.3%Puggalapaññatti 0.5%Kathāvatthu 10%Yamaka 21%
Paṭṭhāna 50%
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3. Alternative Perspectives
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Timelines:Life of the Buddha 624-544 BCE
Life of the Buddha 566-486 BCE
Ascension of Aśoka c. 327 BCE, c. 310 BCE 3rd Council
Ascension of Aśoka c. 268 BCE, c. 251 BCE 3rd Council
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Timelines:
Ascension of Aśoka c. 268 BCE, c. 251 BCE 3rd Council
Life of the Buddha 506-426 BCE
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1st Council (Mahākassapa)
2nd Council (Yasa)
3rd Council (Moggaliputtatissa)
4th Council (Mahārakkhita)
5th Council (U Jagarabhivaṁsa) 1871
6th Council (U Revata) 1956
1st Council (Mahākassapa)
2nd Council (Yasa)
3rd Council (Moggaliputtatissa)
4th Council (Mahinda)
5th Council (Mahārakkhita)
6th Council (Hikkaduwe Śrī Sumangala) 1865
Councils:Sri Lankan Tradition:
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1st Council (Mahākassapa)
2nd Council (Yasa)
3rd Council (Moggaliputtatissa)
4th Council (Mahārakkhita)
5th Council (U Jagarabhivaṁsa) 1871
6th Council (U Revata) 1956
1st Council (Mahākassapa)
2nd Council (Yasa)
3rd Council (Moggaliputtatissa)
Thai Tradition (Saṅgītavaṁsa, 1789):
4th Council (Mahinda)
5th Council (Mahārakkhita)
6th Council (Buddhaghosa)
7th Council (Mahākassapa, 1143)
8th Council (1477)
9th Council (1788)
Councils:
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Tipiṭaka/Tripiṭaka:
Tipiṭaka closed by around 2nd c. BCE
and Commentaries kept separate
Mahāyāna Tripiṭaka includes later Sūtras, Śāṣṭra,
Tantra, Dhāraṇī, etc
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Vinaya Piṭaka:
(Pātimokkha)
Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga
Bhikkhuṇī Vibhaṅga
Khandhaka
Parivāra
Prātimokṣasūtra
Bhikṣu Vibhaṅga
Bhikṣuṇī Vibhaṅga
Khandhaka
?
Pāḷi Tradition Other Traditions
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Prātimokṣasūtra:
Pāḷi (Pi) 4 13 2 30 92 4 75 7 227
Sarvāstivāda (Skt) 4 13 2 30 90 4 113 7 263
Sarvāstivāda (ZH) 4 13 2 30 90 4 108 7 257
Vinayavibhāṣā (ZH) 4 13 2 30 90 4 91 7 241
Mūla Sarvāstivāda (ZH) 4 13 2 30 90 4 98 7 248
Mahāvyutpatti (Skt-Tib) 4 13 2 30 90 4 98 7 248
Dharmagupta (ZH) 4 13 2 30 90 4 100 7 250
Mahīśāsaka (ZH) 4 13 2 30 91 4 100 7 251
Kaśyapīya (ZH) 4 13 2 30 90 4 96 7 246
Mahāsāṅghika (ZH) 4 13 2 30 92 4 66 7 218
Pār Saṁgh Ani NiḥPāt Pāt Prati Śaikṣa Adhi Total
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Sutta Piṭaka:
Dīgha Nikāya
Majjhima Nikāya
Saṁyutta Nikāya
Aṅguttara Nikāya
Khuddaka Nikāya
Dīrgha Āgama (Dharmaguptaka, Mūlasarvāstivāda)
Madhyama Āgama (Sarvāṣṭivāda)
Saṁyukta Āgama (Sarvāṣṭivāda, Kāśyapīya, ?)
Ekottara Āgama (Sarvāṣṭivāda/Mahāsāṁghika)
Kṣudraka Āgama (Dharmaguptaka)
Pāḷi Tradition Other Traditions
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Dīgha Nikāya, 34 Suttas
Majjhima Nikāya, 152 Suttas
Saṁyutta Nikāya, 2,904 Suttas
Aṅguttara Nikāya, 8,122 Suttas
Khuddaka Nikāya, 19 books
Dīrgha Āgama, 30, 47 Sūtras
Madhyama Āgama, 222 Sūtras
Saṁyukta Āgama, 1,362 Sūtras (364, 27)
Ekottara Āgama, ?
Kṣudraka Āgama, 14 books
Pāḷi Tradition Other Traditions
Sutta Piṭaka:
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Pāḷi Dīgha Nikāya:
DN 14 ≈ DĀ 1DN 15 ≈ DĀ 13DN 16 ≈ DĀ 2
DN 17 ≈ DĀ 2DN 18 ≈ DĀ 4DN 19 ≈ DĀ 3DN 20 ≈ DĀ 19
DN 21 ≈ DĀ 14DN 22 ≈ DĀ 31DN 23 ≈ DĀ 7
DN 24 ≈ DĀ 15DN 25 ≈ DĀ 8DN 26 ≈ DĀ 6
DN 27 ≈ DĀ 5DN 28 ≈ DĀ 18DN 29 ≈ DĀ 17DN 30
DN 31 ≈ DĀ 16DN 32DN 33 ≈ DĀ 9DN 34 ≈ DĀ 10
DN 1 ≈ DĀ 21DN 2 ≈ DĀ 27DN 3 ≈ DĀ 20
DN 4 ≈ DĀ 22DN 5 ≈ DĀ 21DN 6
DN 7
DN 8 ≈ DĀ 25DN 9 ≈ DĀ 28DN 10DN 11 ≈ DĀ 24
DN 12 ≈ DĀ 29
DN 13 ≈ DĀ 26
Dīgha Nikāya, 34 Sūtras ≈ Chinese Dīrgha Āgama, 30 Sūtras
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Chinese Dīrgha Āgama:30 Sūtras ≈ Dīgha Nikāya, 34 Sūtras
DĀ 11DĀ 12DĀ 13 ≈ DN 15
DĀ 14 ≈ DN 21
DĀ 15 ≈ DN 24DĀ 16 ≈ DN 31DĀ 17 ≈ DN 29
DĀ 18 ≈ DN 28DĀ 19 ≈ DN 20DĀ 20 ≈ DN 3
DĀ 21 ≈ DN 1DĀ 22 ≈ DN 4DĀ 23 ≈ DN 5
DĀ 24 ≈ DN 11DĀ 25 ≈ DN 8DĀ 26 ≈ DN 13DĀ 27 ≈ DN 2
DĀ 28 ≈ DN 9DĀ 29 ≈ DN 12DĀ 30
DĀ 1 ≈ DN 14DĀ 2 ≈ DN 16DĀ 3 ≈ DN 19
DĀ 4 ≈ DN 18DĀ 5 ≈ DN 27DĀ 6 ≈ DN 26
DĀ 7 ≈ DN 23
DĀ 8 ≈ DN 25DĀ 9 ≈ DN 33DĀ 10 ≈ DN 34
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Sanskrit Dīrgha Āgama:47 Sūtras ≈ Dīgha Nikāya, 34 Sūtras
DĀ 11 ≈ MN 4DĀ 12 ≈ MN 12
DĀ 13 ≈ DN 18
DĀ 14 ≈ DN 19DĀ 15 ≈ DN 28DĀ 16 ≈ DN 29DĀ 17 ≈ MN 102
DĀ 18DĀ 19 ≈ MN 95DĀ 20 ≈ MN 35DĀ 21 ≈ MN 85DĀ 22 ≈ MN 100DĀ 23 ≈ DN 32
DĀ 24 ≈ DN 20
DĀ 25DĀ 26DĀ 27 ≈ DN 12
DĀ 28DĀ 29 ≈ DN 11DĀ 30 ≈ DN 7
DĀ 1 ≈ DN 34DĀ 2DĀ 3 ≈ DN 33
DĀ 4DĀ 5 ≈ DN 14DĀ 6 ≈ DN 16
DĀ 7 ≈ MN 60
DĀ 8DĀ 9 ≈ DN 24DĀ 10 ≈ MN 105
DĀ 31DĀ 32 ≈ DN 6DĀ 33 ≈ DN 4DĀ 34 ≈ DN 5DĀ 35 ≈ DN 3DĀ 36 ≈ DN 9
DĀ 37DĀ 38 ≈ MN 51DĀ 39
DĀ 40DĀ 41DĀ 42 ≈ DN 10DĀ 43 ≈ MN 55DĀ 44 ≈ DN 2DĀ 45 ≈ DN 13DĀ 46 ≈ DN 8DĀ 47 ≈ DN 1
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Satipaṭṭhānasutta MN 10 ≈ MĀ 98:
Contemplation of Body
Postures (2)Full Awareness (3)Counter the Unwholesome
Forcible Mind ControlBreathing (1)Four JhānasPerception of Light
NimittaRepulsiveness (4)6 Elements (5)
Charnel Grounds (6)
Breathing (5)Postures (1)
Full Awareness (3)
Repulsiveness (9)Elements (9)
Charnel Grounds (10)
Madhyama ĀgamaMajjhima Nikāya
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Contemplation of Feelings
Pleasant, Painful, NeutralBodily, MentallyWorldly, Unworldly
Sensual, Non-Sensual
Pleasant, Painful, NeutralWorldly, Unworldly
Madhyama ĀgamaMajjhima Nikāya
Satipaṭṭhānasutta MN 10 ≈ MĀ 98:
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Contemplation of Mind
Passionate, Not PassionateAngry, Not AngryDeluded, Not Deluded
Defiled, Not DefiledCollected, ScatteredGreat, Not Great
Cultivated, Uncultivated
Concentrated, Not Concentrated
Liberated, Not Liberated
Passionate, Not PassionateAngry, Not Angry
Deluded, Not Deluded
Collected, ScatteredGreat, Not Great
Madhyama ĀgamaMajjhima Nikāya
Surpassable, Not Surpassable
Concentrated, Not Concentrated
Liberated, Not Liberated
Satipaṭṭhānasutta MN 10 ≈ MĀ 98:
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Contemplation of (the Nature of) Things
Sense-SpheresHindrances
Factors of Awakening
Hindrances
Components
Madhyama ĀgamaMajjhima Nikāya
Sense-Spheres
Factors of Awakening
Noble Truths
Satipaṭṭhānasutta MN 10 ≈ MĀ 98:
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Abhidhamma Piṭaka:
Dhammasaṅgaṇī
Vibhaṅga
Dhātukathā
Puggalapaññatti
Kathāvatthu
Saṅgītiparyāya
Dharmaskandha
Prajñāptiśāstra
Dhātukāya
Vijñāṇakāya
Pāḷi Tradition Sarvāṣṭivāda
Yamaka
Paṭṭhāna
Prakaraṇapāda
Jñānaprasthāna
Mahāvibhāṣa Śāstra
Abhidharmakośabhāṣya
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Tipiṭaka