Exploring the Role of Instant Messaging in a Global Software Development Project
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Transcript of Exploring the Role of Instant Messaging in a Global Software Development Project
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EXPLORING THE ROLE OF INSTANT MESSAGING IN A GLOBAL SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Yvonne Dittrich [email protected] Rosalba Giuffrida [email protected]
IT#UNIVER
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PENHA
GEN
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Problem Ethnographic Empirical Research WB project Role of Instant Messaging Findings Future Work
Outline
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Problem
Fundamental problem of GSD is that many of the mechanisms that function to coordinate the work in a co-located setting are absent or disrupted in a distributed project.
J. D. Herbsleb.
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How Informal communication
shared through Instant Messaging complements
formal communication usually shared through structured tools and
documentation?
Research Question
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Y. Dittrich, K. Rönkkö, Jeanette Eriksson, Christina Hansson, and Olle Lindeberg. Cooperative method development. Empirical Software Engineering, 13(3):231–260, December 2007.
Cooperative Method Development (CMD)
Evaluate introduced methods
Propose methods & guidelines
Empirical investigation
CMD Phase 1 CMD Phase 2
CMD Phase 3
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Evaluate introduced methods
Propose methods & guidelines
Empirical investigation
CMD Phase 1 CMD Phase 2
CMD Phase 3
Cooperative Method Development (CMD)
Y. Dittrich, K. Rönkkö, Jeanette Eriksson, Christina Hansson, and Olle Lindeberg. Cooperative method development. Empirical Software Engineering, 13(3):231–260, December 2007.
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Ethnographic Empirical Research
! Data Collection: Semi-structured interviews, Document Analysis, Log Analysis, Workshops, Participant observation
! Data Analysis: Interaction analysis of IM logs, Categorization of chat episodes, Member checking
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5 domain experts/software developers in Denmark 6 software developers + 1 tester in India 1 team member in Portland
Customers in Ethiopia
WB Project for water management in Nile Basin
Portland
Copenhagen
New Delhi
Addis Abeba
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A typical work day
Time India Denmark
9 IST / 4:30 CET Start work
12:30 IST / 8 CET Ask questions Start working from home
13 IST / 8:30 CET lunch Go to office
14:30 IST / 10 CET Meeting
15:30 IST / 11 CET Intense collaboration
16:30 IST / 12 CET Lunch
17 IST / 12:30 CET Intense collaboration
18 IST / 13:30 CET Finish work
21:30 IST /17 CET Finish work
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IT#UNIVER
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A typical work day
Time India Denmark
9 IST / 4:30 CET Start work
12:30 IST / 8 CET Ask questions Start working from home
13 IST / 8:30 CET lunch Go to office
14:30 IST / 10 CET Meeting
15:30 IST / 11 CET Intense collaboration
16:30 IST / 12 CET Lunch
17 IST / 12:30 CET Intense collaboration
18 IST / 13:30 CET Finish work
21:30 IST /17 CET Finish work
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Communication Channels
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Communication Channels
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Communication Channels
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Communication Channels
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Dimensions of the use of IM
Coordination Collaboration
Awareness Socialization
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Coordination Dimension
Many coordination chats start from the Indian side, e.g. to inform the task/incident changed status, and is assigned to the counterpart. [14:07] IND: 974 is yours now for verification (gap filler scrollbars) [14:09] DK: thanks [11:58] IND: 1008 [12:07] DK: all yours [12:57] IND: your now. [15:58] DK: 847 is yours
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Collaboration Dimension
! Technical discussions ! Easy-to-resolve issues that do not require much
discussion. ! Last for no more than 10 minutes; on average,
they last 7 minutes. ! Thereafter the topic switches to a call. ! If issues have a wider implication, the
discussion is moved to mail.
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Awareness Dimension
! Indian developers inform what they are working on in order to avoid conflict.
! Danish team members check what people are working on in order to plan.
! This information is provided by issue tracker, but often the official tool does not show what people are actually working on at the moment.
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Socialization Dimension
• Often present as a sub-text in chats mainly addressing another dimension.
• Some chats are purely addressing the social dimension taking up e.g. commuting problems or personal topics.
IND: Hi DK DK: hi IND IND: hows monday treating you? DK: better than usual. Working from home IND: oh we r on the same boat DK: good to hear :)
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Ecology of channels IM as a glue articulating other channels The Social Dimension is Important
Findings
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Ecology of Channels
! Analysis needs to focus on ! the ecology of channels. (in line with Turner et al, 2010 ! Social protocol and communication breakdowns.
(Damian et al. 2007) ! Communication and coordination mechanisms (Schmidt
Simone1996)
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Instant Messaging as Glue
! Unstructured ! Less obtrusive ! Awareness ! Nearly synchronous communication
Instant Messaging
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The Social Dimension is Important
! Explicit social chats and sub-text in work related chats
! The team decided not to use the notification function of the issue tracker system to allow for more social interaction.
! Earlier research proposed video and virtual worlds to improve the social dimension of communication. IM seems to take that role today.
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Future work
! Comparing how different teams combine heterogeneous artifacts and communication channels in GSD.
! Exploring the use of other kinds of Social Software, such as microblogging, social networks and content sharing sites.
! The current concepts from CSCW and GSD are not enough to understand the ecology of channels we have observed.
! Using this knowledge to improve communication and collaboration in GSD.
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EXPLORING THE ROLE OF INSTANT MESSAGING IN A GLOBAL SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Yvonne Dittrich [email protected] Rosalba Giuffrida [email protected]
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THANK YOU :)
Questions?