Web-Database Integration Week 8 LBSC 690 Information Technology.
Exploring the Internet Week 1 LBSC 690 Information Technology.
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Transcript of Exploring the Internet Week 1 LBSC 690 Information Technology.
![Page 1: Exploring the Internet Week 1 LBSC 690 Information Technology.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56649eff5503460f94c1444d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Exploring the Internet
Week 1
LBSC 690
Information Technology
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Agenda
• Why study information technology?
• Teaching Theater orientation
• Course description and syllabus
• Seven uses of the Internet
• Computing at Maryland
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Teaching Theater Introduction
• Logging on (account name doXX)– Choosing a password
• Windows navigation– Double click– Drag and drop– Size widgets– Close button
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Teaching Theater Introduction
• Internet Explorer for class web page– http://www.clis.umd.edu/courses/690/
• Microsoft Word for class notes– Get my outline notes from class directory– Save your notes in your personal directory
• Powerpoint for class slides
• Photos
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Course Goals
• Understand computers and networks
• Learn to use common software tools
• Evaluate the role of information technology
• Solve a practical problem
• Develop a personal plan for further study
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Instructional Approach
• Readings– Provide background and detail
• Class sessions– Provide conceptual structure
• Electronic outline provided in class
• Slides and videotapes available
• Homework, lab sessions, project– Provide hands-on experience
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Syllabus
• Master the tools in the first 7 weeks– Internet, word processors, spreadsheets,
databases, programming, security– 2 readings and 1 homework each week
• Apply the tools for the last 7 weeks– Group work, library automation, educational
computing, social issues, digital libraries– 2 readings each week and the term project
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Course Materials
• Textbook– Oakman, The Computer Triangle, 2nd edition
• Supplemental readings – Course packet available from IDSC
• Daily access to a networked computer!
• A few 3.5 inch floppy disks
• Book on Microsoft Office (optional)
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Grading
• 45% individual work: midterm and final– 30% for the best, 15% for the other
• 40% group work: project in 3 person teams– 30% for the project, 10% for the documentation
• 15% at your option: homework– 3% each for best 5 of the 6 assignments– Can work together, but write it up separately
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Example LBSC 690 GradesFinal Score (Excess 75)
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Rank (higher better)
Sco
re-7
5
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Observations on Grading
• Exam scores are very important– One exam is worth up to 10 homeworks– Midterm grades predict final grades well– Moral: Use the homework to learn the material
• Little things can make a B into an A– less than 1 point typically separates B+ and A-
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The Fine Print
• Group work is encouraged on homework– But you must personally write what you turn in
• Deadlines are firm and sharp– Allowances for individual circumstances are
included in the grading computation
• Academic integrity is a serious matter– No group work during the exams!– Don’t discuss exam until everyone has taken it
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Breaks
• 10 minute break after the first hour
• 5 minute break after the second hour
• No sodas or food in the teaching theater
• Please have your picture taken today
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Seven Uses of the Internet
• Web pages
• File Transfer Program (FTP)
• Telnet
• Electronic mail (email)
• Newsgroups (Usenet)
• Talk
• Chat
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Describing Internet Applications
• Who participates?– Computer-to-computer or person-to-person
• For computer-to-computer:– One-way or two-way?– Authenticated or unauthenticated?
• For person-to-person: – One-to-one or many-to-many?– Synchronous or asynchronous?
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Web Pages• Computer-computer, one-way, unauthenticated
– Two-way and authenticated variants exist
• Viewed using a browser– Netscape, Internet Explorer, Lynx
• Uniform Resource Locators (URL)– Protocol http: (or ftp: or file:)– Machine //www.clis.umd.edu– Port :80 (optional if port 80)– Path /courses/690/ (case sensitive)– File Welcome.html (optional if standard)
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Finding Web Pages
• Bookmarks– Useful if you have been there before
• Directories (http://www.yahoo.com)– Access by category
• Limited to things processed by hand
• Search engines (http://altavista.com)– Access by content
• Broad coverage, but lots more trash
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File Transfer Program (FTP)
• Computer-computer, two-way, authenticated– Anonymous FTP is an unauthenticated version
• Use userid “anonymous”, your email is password
• Multiple interfaces– Web browsers, command line, FTP programs
• Used to move files between machines– Better than carrying a floppy disk around– Use FTP to download your class notes at home
• ftp ttclass.umd.edu
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Visualizing FTP
wam.umd.edulogged in as
oard
hawk.umd.edulogged in asanonymous
home/pub/
396/ 690/ 708a/
pub/incoming/
demo.txt test/ javascript/
telnet wam.umd.edu
cd ../pub
cd 690
ftp hawk.umd.edu
cd pub
get demo.txt
quit
demo.txt
(login as oard)
(login as anonymous)
ls
ls
ls
ls
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Telnet
• Computer-computer, two-way, authenticated– Web pages and FTP send one file at a time– Telnet sends one character at a time
• Simulates a dial-up connection– Use telnet to read your email from wam.umd.edu
• VT-100 protocol allows only text– The pine email program is designed for VT-100
• X Windows extension adds graphics– X-terminals are available in CSS 4352
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Electronic Mail (email)
• Person-person, one-one, asynchronous– Mailing lists provide a many-many variant
• 690 mailing list is [email protected]
• telnet wam.umd.edu, login, and type “pine”– Eurora & Outlook have similar capabilities
• But they store messages on the computer you are using
• The most widely deployed application– Can reach intermittently connected users– Often crosses firewalls
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Email Addresses• userid@machine (e.g., [email protected])
– Machine names are like postal addresses• Most general part is at the end (.edu, .com, …)• Most specific part is at the beginning (glue, …)
• Search engines use names to find addresses– http://www.whowhere.lycos.com
• Finger uses an address to find a name– On WAM, finger [email protected]
• Your userid (login name) is widely known– Protect your password
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Newsgroups (Usenet)
• Person-person, many-many, asynchronous
• Web browsers and pine can read news– http://deja.com “discussions” are newsgroup archives
• Each “article” is stored once at each site– Mailing lists produce one copy per person– No need to “sign up” for newsgroups in advance
• Hierarchical organization– Most general appears first (comp., soc., rec., …)– Most specific appears last (rec.aviation.military)
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Mailing Lists vs. Newsgroups
A1 B1
B2
B3
A2
A3
NewsServer
NewsServer
A1 B1
B2
B3
A2
A3
MailServer
MailServer
University of A University of B
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Talk• Person-person, one-one, synchronous
• Design varies from system to system– Talk command works with any unix machine
• e.g., talk [email protected]• Must specify an exact machine name
– Instant Messages do the same thing on AOL– ICQ and Microsoft Chat provide similar services
• Usually implemented with a split screen– Both people can type at the same time
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Chat
• Person-person, many-many, synchronous
• Like talk, but with lots of people– Chat rooms on AOL, Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
• Whole lines are sent at a time– Each line is labeled with the sender’s nickname
• IRC is not allowed on open lab machines– Simply too popular!
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Summary of the Seven Uses
Web comp-comp one-way unauthenticated
FTP comp-comp two-way authenticated
Telnet comp-comp two-way authenticated
Email pers-pers one-one sync
News pers-pers many-many async
Talk pers-pers one-one sync
IRC pers-pers many-many sync
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Computing at Maryland• Computer Labs (PC, Mac, Unix)
– CLIS Library (2101 open, 2105 CLIS students only)– PG2, EGR, SOM, WOR, CEN: Open 24 hours– Need a “pay for print” account
• Dial-in access (Unix only)– College Park (301)209-0700 (3hr)/864-2087(15min)– Baltimore (410)962-88865(3hr)/962-8867(15min)– From other parts of the state, connect using Sailor
• Telnet access (Unix only)– telnet wam.umd.edu from an Internet service provider
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Homework
• Preliminaries (ungraded)– WAM account, print account, email forwarding
• Email and mailing lists
• World-Wide Web
• Usenet Newsgroups
• FTP
• Questionnaire (ungraded)
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Some Good Things to Do
• Take a peer training course
• Ask questions about readings
• Start thinking about your project
• Give us feedback