Exploring Earth’s Surface

Chapter 1

Section 3

Standard

S.6.2

Topography is reshaped by the weathering of rock and soil and by the transportation and deposition of sediment.

Anticipatory Set

Language of the Discipline

Topography

Elevation

Relief

Plain

Mountain

Plateau

Map

Scale

Degree

Latitude

Longitude

Topography (Input)

Definition- is the shape of the land. It may be flat, sloping, hilly or mountainous

Topography includes the area’s elevation, relief and landforms.

Elevation- the height above sea level of a point on Earth’s surface

Relief- the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area

Look at diagram on page 21

Topography (Input)

Types of Landforms (Input)

They vary in size and shape

1. Plains- a landform made up of flat or gently rolling land

If it is by the coast it is called a costal plain

If it is not by the coast it is called an interior plain

Plains (Input)

Mountains (Input)

2. Mountains- a landform with high elevation and high relief. They are normally in a mountain range

Mountain Range- mountains that are closely related in shape, structure and age

Mountain ranges in a long, connected chain form a larger called unit called a mountain belt (Rocky Mnts)

Mountains (Input)

Plateaus (Input)

3. Plateaus- a landform that has high elevation and a more or less level surface

Streams and rivers cut into the surface (hardly smooth)

Columbia Plateau- rocks are stacked 1,500 meters thick

Plateaus (Input)

What is a Map? (Input)

Map- a flat model of all or part of Earth’s surfaces as seen from above.

Maps are drawn to scale and use symbols to represent topography and other features on Earth’s surface.

Scale- relates distance on a map to a distance on Earth’s surface. It is given as a ratio.

Mapmakers use shapes and pictures called symbols for features of Earth’s surface.

Map (Input)

Map’s Continued (Input)

A symbol can represent a river, lake, mountain, or play

A symbol can also stand for a man made feature- a highway, city or airport

Map Key/Legend- is a list of all of the symbols used on the map and their meanings

Maps also include a compass rose or north arrow

North is usually located at the top of the map

Legends/Keys (Input)

Earth’s Grid (Input)

You need a grid to help you keep track of where you are

To locate positions on Earth’s surface, scientists use units called degrees.

Each degree is a measure of an angle formed by lines drawn from the center of Earth to points on the surface.

Earth’s Grid (Input)

Equator (Input)

Halfway between the North and South poles is an imaginary line that circles the Earth

This equator divides the Earth into a Northern Hemisphere and a Southern Hemisphere.

Hemisphere- one half of the sphere that makes up Earth’s surface

Look at wall map. Locate equator, Northern and Southern Hemispheres

Equator (Input)

Prime Meridian (Input)

Another imaginary line

Makes a half circle from the North Pole to the South Pole.

If they are East of the line, they are in the Eastern Hemisphere.

If they are West of the line, they are in the Western Hemisphere.

Look at wall map, locate prime meridian, and East and West Hemispheres

Prime Meridian (Input)

Locating Points (Input)

The lines of latitude and longitude on a map form a grid that can be used to find locations anywhere on Earth.

The equator is the starting line to meausre latitude North to South

The Prime meridian is the starting line to meausre longitude East to West

Using Latitude and Longitude (Input)

Any location on Earth can be expressed in terms of the latitude and longitude lines.

Look at page 27 and picture of globe

Explain how they found London

What would be the latitude and longitude for Los Angeles?

What would be the latitude and longitude for Sydney?

Longitude and Latitude (Input)

Checking for Understanding

True or FalseElevation and

relief are part of an area’s elevation?

true

Checking for Understanding

What is the landform that has high elevation but a level surface (relief)?

Plateau

Checking For Understanding

Draw a world map and label the equator and the prime meridian

GP and IP

Guided Practice #1-3

Stop!!! You must have a stamp to keep going!

Independent Practice #4-6

Homework

#7-end