Exploring Distance Learning

Approaches and Resources

Nick Baker Office of Open Learning

Lorie Stolarchuk Centre for Teaching and Learning

13 Dec., 2016

Human bingo! Find out who is using which technology in the group.

• Each box identifies something about people in the room. Find

someone who the item relates to. Write their name and email

in that box.

Rules:

• One name per box

• First three names must be from people NOT at your table.

• Collect as many rows of signed boxes as you can in the 5

mins available.

• First Bingo (vertically, horizontally, or diagonally) wins a prize

• Most completed rows wins a prize.

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http://goo.gl/WU8Z9i

Today’s students

https://goo.gl/oKajqW

https://goo.gl/F2pLm8

History of Distance Education

• 1st Generation: Correspondence Model

• 2nd Generation: Multimedia Model

• 3rd Generation: Telearning Model

• 4th Generation: Flexible Learning Model

• 5th Generation: Intelligent Flexible

Learning Model - Taylor, 2001

What does the 6th, 7th, 8th

Generation look like??

Jim Taylor – Clicks & Mortar are not enough

“The internet is set to connect virtually everyone and everything – the Web is turning into humanity’s collective brain. Any organisation hoping to survive must mirror the Internet itself. It must become:

– Open

– Democratic

– Tightly networked

– Non-hierarchical

– Experimental

– Endlessly adaptable”

- Taylor, 2001. 5th Generation Distance Education

“It is easier to

create the future

than it is to

predict it”

Myths about online learning

• Reduces need for faculty and increases class sizes

• Courses are all the same

• Lower quality

• Credentials not accepted by employers

• Anonymous masses

• No interaction

• Easier

• Assessment must be different

• Massive dropout rates

• MOOCs are representative of online courses

W

R

O

N

G

!

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INTRO TO BLACKBOARD

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System Overview

Login with your UWin ID at

http://blackboard.uwindsor.ca

Mobile

Bb Student

Help Me!

• Online self-help – UWindsor –

– uwindsor.ca/blackboard

• Blackboard

– help.blackboard.com

– Student, College or University, Learn

• Submit a Service Request

– Uwindsor.ca/bbhelp

Course Menu

Group Tools

(if enabled by instructor)

Bb Collaborate

Virtual Classroom (Classic version)

Virtual Classroom (Classic version)

Google Apps for Education

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Office 365

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Office 365

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Other (FREE) collaborative tools

• Dropbox

• Google Drive

• Box

• Slack (+ other Atlassian products)

• Samepage

• Basecamp

• Trello

• Yammer

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Educational tech at UWindsor

• Blackboard Learn

• Blackboard Collaborate

• Google Apps

• uView

• ePortfolio

• Remote exam proctoring

• Echo360 Student Engagement Platform

• Lecture Tools

• YouTube

• Twitter

• Linkedin

• Blackboard Open Education

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GOOD PRACTICE AND

STANDARDS IN ONLINE

TEACHING & LEARNING

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The 7 Principles of Good Practice

in Online Learning

• Encourages contact between students and faculty

• Develops reciprocity and cooperation among students

• Uses active learning techniques

• Give prompt feedback

• Emphasises time on task

• Communicates high expectations

• Respects diverse talents and ways of learning

(Chickering & Gamson, 1987; Chickering & Ehrmann, 1996) see Rankin, Saliba & Cortez, 2012 (UWS)

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Quality Standards

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Essential Quality Standards 2.0

Outlines 27 requirements reflecting best

practices for online learning in 7 categories:

• web design

• course information

• organization

• pedagogy

• writing

• resources

• technology

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Available at http://goo.gl/o9AkD8

Communication Strategies in

Online Environments

https://goo.gl/Bm2UpF

Let’s find out about each other! Share an interesting fact about yourself, and find out interesting

things about others

• Take 2 mins to write down something on a Post It Note that

no one else in the room knows about you.

• Stick note on the wall under your name.

• Read others’ posts. When you find one that is interesting, that

you share an interest with, or that you want to find out more

about, leave that person a note by writing on another Post It

Note and sticking it on the wall underneath the original note.

• You cannot speak to each other.

• All communication must be written on Post It Notes and

placed on the wall.

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Modes of interaction

Content

Teacher

Student

(Anderson, T., 2003)

Student-student interaction (online)

• Discussion forums – “Social Café” – for informal communication

– Guided discussions

– Online debate

• Web conferencing

• Peer reviews

• Group collaboration and presentations

Student-student interaction (online)

Student 1:

Student 2:

Student 1:

Student-content interaction example of an interactive online lesson

Intro Video Learning

Outcomes Mini Video Lecture 1

Mini Quiz 1

Mini Video Lecture 2

Reading Poll/Survey based on Reading

Video/Text feedback

Student Video/Txt Response

Mini Video Lecture 3

Reflection/ Challenging

Question

Lesson Wrap-Up

Student-teacher interaction

online

• Proactively prompt learning

• Promptly respond to students’ inquiries

• Post regular announcements – be present

• Give detailed feedback

• ‘Weaving’

• Use Retention Centre in Bb

Announcement to the class…

“What is on the mid term. everything. you

should know it all.”

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EVERYTHING YOU WANTED

TO KNOW ABOUT OPEN

ACCESS IN 5 MINS…

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What is Open Education? • Open access to high quality education for all

global citizens

• Education and educational resources based on the principles of openness and sharing of knowledge

• May or may not be completely free

• Geographically unbound

• OERU now offering completely online, open access, free degrees

• Open education: A study in disruption. Open Access e-book https://goo.gl/QFsZrP

Opening up education…

Open Educational Resource University

• OER Foundation (2009)

• Hosts WikiEducator/WikiUniversity

• UNESCO-Commonwealth of Learning funded (2011)

• Widening access for all

• Cost recovery basis (assessment of learning, provision of credentials)

• Providing a pathway for students to gain credentials based solely on OERs

• Optimizing visibility and impact of community service mission of higher ed institutions

• Contact North, BC Campus, Athabasca, Thomson Rivers, eCampus Alberta all members (39 partners in total)

The 5 Rs of OERs!

Open Courseware Consortium

• Hundreds of universities around the world sharing resources

• OCWs include: – Course planning materials: syllabi, course

calendars/schedules, lesson plans

– Thematic content: lectures, text books, learning guides, presentations, notes, simulations, learning objects

• Available for use, repurposing, modification, in whole or part by anyone, anywhere (with appropriate attribution)

• http://www.ocwconsortium.org/members/

OERs - Benefits

• Low (no) cost (students and you)

• Many different types of resources

• Modify / reuse to suit your context

(sometimes within limits)

• 1000s of high quality resources

• Available to everyone

• Creating OERs increases your impact

OERs - downsides

• Have to check copyright and licencing

carefully

• Time to find and validate resources

• May need to adjust / modify

• May need tech infrastructure to support

• May not be supported / ongoing

development

• Not available for every need

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Open Textbooks

• BC Campus Open Textbook

initiative

• Free the textbook initiative

• eCampus Ontario: Open Course

Initiative

4th year Chemistry text

$0

2014 ed

44 Chapters

1632 pages

Instructor online resources

Student online resources

Peer reviewed

Pearson Publishing

$200-$257

Sept 2016 ed (4th ed since 2012)

Multiple formats

Accessible first design

34 Chapters

1275 pages

Instructor online resources

Student online resources (also

downloadable media)

Peer reviewed

OpenStax and BC Campus

CC licenced

College Physics

Urone, et al. authors

Open Stax College

Publishing

Open Textbooks

#TextbookBroke movement

• U.S. PIRG report Fixing the Broken Textbook Market (2014) – 65% of student consumers have opted out of

buying a college textbook due to its high price. Of those students, 94% suffer academically.

– 48% of students said the price of textbooks determined which classes they take and how many classes they take.

• SFU, UBC and others

• UWindsor Senate Student Caucus guidelines on texts recommends open access texts wherever possible

SAMR Model htt

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VIDEO-BASED AND

IMMERSIVE LEARNING

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Continuum of reality

• Huge potential in education

• Consumer product now

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Milgram’s Reality-Virtuality Continuum (Milgram and Kishino. 1994)

Virtual worlds

• Second Life / Project Sansar

• OpenSim

– Reaction Grid

– Science Sim

• SLOODLE (Simulation Linked Object

Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment)

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OpenSim: ScienceSim Grid

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Virtual labs

• Labster

• Hi fidelity virtual labs

• labster.com

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Consumer technologies

• Samsung Gear VR

• Google Cardboard

• Oculus Rift

• HTC Vive

• Microsoft Hololens

• Epson Moverio

• Google Glass

• YouTube 360 58

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z5s2IZRT90E

Hololens

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Google

Cardboard

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Oculus Rift

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BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES

OF ONLINE TEACHING AND

LEARNING

Discussion 1. What are some of the challenges you anticipate with online teaching and learning?

2. What benefits do you think online education has for you and your students?

• Write answers to these on stickies, post them on the sheet on the wall

• Try to cluster them as you go

Student challenges

• Time management skills

• Motivation / engagement / independent

learning

• Takes more time than anticipated

• Technology not always easy (not as tech

savvy as we, or they, think they are)

• No immediate classmate to ask for help

Student benefits

• Can access from anywhere at best time for the student (work, family commitments etc.)

• Don’t need to live in city

• Self-paced learning/review

• Multiple media formats available

• Can be individually tailored to the student

• Time to think through and edit responses (great for introverts, non-native English speakers, students with disabilities)

• Accessibility

Instructor challenges

• Takes time to develop first time

• New level of course design skill / planning needed to do it well

• May (should!) be working in a course development team – course development is not private

• Time management skills (developing & facilitating – always done in advance)

• Learning new technologies – unfamiliarity

• Choosing appropriate resources to support learning

• Possibility of tech failure - risk

• Access to support when needed

• Expectations (students, self, peers, chair/dean)

Instructor benefits

• Flexibility – work from anywhere

• Plan, test and revise in advance – fewer surprises

• Creativity & engagement

• Learning new skills, tools

• Can be transformative – new way of experiencing teaching role

• Sometimes funding – access to resources

• Support is available to design and deliver courses

What does it all mean for University

staff?

• More flexible options for lifelong learning

• Greater push from the employer to remain

up to date with skills and knowledge

• Free education available beyond Windsor

• Your jobs will and must change

Future supports needed…

• Need to support students in new ways – how do you effectively support a student who never comes to campus even once?

• Need to support faculty who are out of their comfort zone and expertise

• No such thing as ‘normal business hours’

• New world of copyright and open access

• Tools available for you to use…

A final word… • https://youtu.be/pQHX-SjgQvQ

Acknowledgements

Content in this session was adapted from open access resources from:

- Carleton Open U

- UToronto Open

- University of Western Sydney

- University of South Australia

These projects would not be possible without the support of the Ontario Ministry of Advanced Education and Skills Development, the Council of Ontario Universities, and eCampus Ontario

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Open Educational Resources

(OERs)

• “Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching and learning materials that are freely available online for everyone to use, whether you are an instructor, student or self-learner.

• Examples of OERs include: full courses, course modules, syllabi, lectures, homework assignments, quizzes, lab and classroom activities, pedagogical materials, games, simulations, and many more resources contained in digital media collections from around the world.”

– OER Commons, OECD, 2007

• UNESCO OERs: http://goo.gl/M0yJK

OER Repositories • School of Open: http://goo.gl/PTV8Xy

• Free High School Science texts: http://projects.siyavula.com/technology-driven-learning/

• Open Knowledge Repository (World Bank): https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/

• MIT Open Courseware: http://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm

• Curriki: http://goo.gl/P5kFWs

• Merlot.org: www.merlot.org

• Wikipedia: www.en.wikipedia.org

• Wikiversity: www.wikiversity.org

• WikiEducator: www.wikieducator.org

• ITunesU: http://www.apple.com/ca/education/itunes-u/

• Public Knowledge Project: http://pkp.sfu.ca

• JISC OER Project: http://goo.gl/zuGKsD

Repositories cont’d… • Open Educational Resources Archive:

http://archive.org/details/education

• Open Courseware Consortium: http://ocwconsortium.org/

• Connexions: http://cnx.org

• OER Commons: http://oercommons.org

• Open Content Alliance: http://www.opencontentalliance.org

• Intute: http://www.intute.ac.uk/

• Khan Academy: https://www.khanacademy.org/

• Merlot: www.merlot.org

• Hewlett Foundation: www.hewlett.org/programs/education/OER/

• Commonwealth of Learning: www.col.org/colweb/site

• Designing eLearning: http://flexiblelearning.net.au/designing-elearning/gallery

• Saylor Foundation: www.saylor.org

Open Textbooks/eBooks

• BCOpen Textbook initiative: – http://open.bccampus.ca/find-open-textbooks/

– http://bccampus.pressbooks.com/books/

• The Global Textbook Project: – http://goo.gl/4LLEV

• OERConsortium Open Textbook project: http://oerconsortium.org/discipline-specific/

• FreeBook Centre: http://www.freebookcentre.net/

• Flatworld Knowledge: http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/

• BookBoon http://bookboon.com/en/it-programming-ebooks

• CK-12 Resources: http://www.ck12.org/student/

• FLOSS Manuals: http://en.flossmanuals.net/

• Connexions: http://cnx.org/

Open Licencing Models

• Creative Commons:

www.creativecommons.org

• Attribution and profit rules

• CC licence on a resource allows you to

use it, repurpose it etc.

• Copyright Modernization Act: Educational

Purposes Fair Dealing exception

Open Access Licencing

• Creative Commons Licences (6 licences,

plus Attribution 4.0 and Public Domain)

– Facilitate digital licencing (licence code,

metadata etc)

• Creative Commons Canada

• Public Domain

• Moral Rights and Copyrights

(Massive) Open Online Courses

(MOOCs) xMOOCs

• Coursera

• Udacity

• EdX

• OpenLearn

• Open2Learn

• Udemy

• Canvas Network (can be either)

cMOOCs

• ETMOOC

• Ds106/dsRadio

• CCK08-12

• UWindsor Blackboard Open Education (can be either)

MOOC lists and services

• MOOC List: http://www.mooc-list.com/

• MOOC.ca http://www.mooc.ca/courses.htm

• Class Central: http://www.class-central.com/

• Open Culture: http://www.openculture.com/free_certificate_courses

• MOOC News: http://goo.gl/TjIi6

• MOOCs, OERs and Open Education MOOC (Curt Bonk, Ray Schroeder) https://sites.google.com/site/moocmaking/

• University of the People: http://www.uopeople.org/

Open Educational Resource

University (OERu) • OER Foundation (2009)

• Hosts WikiEducator/WikiUniversity

• UNESCO-Commonwealth of Learning funded (2011)

• Widening access for all

• Cost recovery basis (assessment of learning, provision of credentials)

• Providing a pathway for students to gain credentials based solely on OERs

• Optimising visibility and impact of community service mission of higher ed institutions

• Contact North, BC Campus, Athabasca, Thomson Rivers, eCampus Alberta all members (39 partners in total)

Commonwealth of Learning

• UNESCO funded

• Intergovernmental organisation

• Mandate to help commonwealth country gov and institutions expand the scope, scale and quality of learning using new approaches

• Focus on open and distance ed

• COL Chairs in OER at Athabasca (Rory McGreal) and Otago (NZ – Wayne Mackintosh)

Open Courseware Consortium

• Hundreds of universities around the world sharing resources

• OWCs include: – Course planning materials: syllabi, course

calendars/schedules, lesson plans

– Thematic content: lectures, text books, learning guides, presentations, notes, simulations, learning objects

• Available for use, repurposing, modification, in whole or part by anyone, anywhere (with appropriate attribution)

• http://www.ocwconsortium.org/members/

Some example OERs &

Resources • Merlot:

– http://goo.gl/3HFh4o

– http://goo.gl/FJVSEn

• OERs in Computer Science Teaching: http://goo.gl/pVzvU5

• JISC OER InfoKit: http://goo.gl/UQfuUw

• Jorum: http://goo.gl/wvOEFV

• Free Technology Academy: http://ftacademy.org/

• STEM OER guidelines: http://goo.gl/OP8obW

• Global Textbook Project http://goo.gl/4LLEV

• Freebook Centre: http://goo.gl/DUJhs1