Exploration of Ice Giant Systems - Lunar and Planetary ... · Exploration of Ice Giant Systems...
Transcript of Exploration of Ice Giant Systems - Lunar and Planetary ... · Exploration of Ice Giant Systems...
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Exploration of Ice Giant SystemsWhite Paper sent in response to NASA APIO request
Presentation to OPAG, 11 February 2005Heidi B. Hammel
Space Science Institute
Mark ShowalterSETI Institute
Paul SchenkLunar & Planetary Institute
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H. B. Hammel OPAG Open Mike 11 February 2006, Bethesda, MD
Neptune’s Atmosphere1989
Voyager UH 2.2m
1994 1997 20042002
WFPC2
619 nm
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H. B. Hammel OPAG Open Mike 11 February 2006, Bethesda, MD
Adaptive Optics Imaging
Keck 10-mMauna Kea
9 July 2004Hammel & de Pater
H (1.6 µm)
AO OFFON
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H. B. Hammel OPAG Open Mike 11 February 2006, Bethesda, MD
Uranus at K’ (2.2 µm)2004200320022001
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H. B. Hammel OPAG Open Mike 11 February 2006, Bethesda, MD
4th of July “fireworks” in 2004
H
K’
First southern feature ever seen on Uranus >2 µm (including HST NICMOS)
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H. B. Hammel OPAG Open Mike 11 February 2006, Bethesda, MD
Uranus Atmosphere as of 2004
• Increasing activity in northern hemisphere– May be development of a northern polar collar
• K’-bright southern feature detected– Evidence for rapid dynamical evolution
• Uranus zonal winds mapped to +48°– Fastest winds yet seen (+229 m/s)
• Equatorial features seen– Global-scale wave pattern
All these results are in press: Hammel et al., Icarus
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H. B. Hammel OPAG Open Mike 11 February 2006, Bethesda, MD
Seasonal Change on Uranus
1986 2004
?
Solstice Equinox
Data
fro
m 19
72-1
986
Equinox Solstice