Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

49
CCNA3-1 Chapter 2-1 Switch Concepts and Configuration Switch Concepts and Configuration Key Elements of Key Elements of Ethernet/802.3 LANs Ethernet/802.3 LANs

Transcript of Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

Page 1: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-1 Chapter 2-1

Switch Concepts and ConfigurationSwitch Concepts and Configuration

Key Elements ofKey Elements ofEthernet/802.3 LANsEthernet/802.3 LANs

Page 2: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-2 Chapter 2-1

CSMA/CDCSMA/CD

Page 3: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-3 Chapter 2-1

Ethernet CommunicationsEthernet Communications

Page 4: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-4 Chapter 2-1

Ethernet CommunicationsEthernet Communications

• Ethernet Frame: Ethernet Frame: Minimum 64 bytes, Maximum 1518 bytesMinimum 64 bytes, Maximum 1518 bytes

• Preamble/SOFD:Preamble/SOFD: Synchronize to medium. Synchronize to medium.• Destination Address: Destination Address: MAC Address of destination device.MAC Address of destination device.• Source Address: Source Address: MAC address of source device.MAC address of source device.• Length/Type: Length/Type: Length of frame or protocol type code. Length of frame or protocol type code.• Data: Data: Encapsulated data from OSI Layers 7 to 3.Encapsulated data from OSI Layers 7 to 3.• FCS: FCS: Frame Check Sequence.Frame Check Sequence.

Page 5: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-5 Chapter 2-1

Ethernet CommunicationsEthernet Communications

• MAC Address: MAC Address: 12 hexadecimal digits12 hexadecimal digits

MAC address merupakan alamat yang unik yang memiliki panjang 48-bit (6 MAC address merupakan alamat yang unik yang memiliki panjang 48-bit (6 byte) yang mengidentifikasikan sebuah komputer, interface dalam byte) yang mengidentifikasikan sebuah komputer, interface dalam sebuah router, atau node lainnya dalam jaringan.sebuah router, atau node lainnya dalam jaringan.

For example, in the MAC address For example, in the MAC address 00-14-22-01-23-4500-14-22-01-23-45, the first three octets , the first three octets are are 00-14-2200-14-22. This is the OUI for Dell. Other common OUIs include . This is the OUI for Dell. Other common OUIs include 00-00-04-DC04-DC for Nortel, for Nortel, 00-40-9600-40-96 for Cisco, and for Cisco, and 00-30-BD00-30-BD for Belkin. for Belkin.

• Broadcast:Broadcast: Indicates a broadcast or multicast frame. Indicates a broadcast or multicast frame.• Local:Local: indicates whether the address can be modified locally. indicates whether the address can be modified locally.• Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) Number:Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) Number: Manufacturer of the Manufacturer of the

NIC.NIC.• Vendor Number:Vendor Number: Unique, vendor assigned number. Unique, vendor assigned number.

Page 6: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-6 Chapter 2-1

Ethernet CommunicationsEthernet Communications

Page 7: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-7 Chapter 2-1

Ethernet CommunicationsEthernet Communications

• Switch Port Settings:Switch Port Settings:• AUTO:AUTO:

• Auto-negotiation of duplex mode. The two ports Auto-negotiation of duplex mode. The two ports communicate to determine the best mode.communicate to determine the best mode.• Default for FastEthernet and 10/100/1000 ports.Default for FastEthernet and 10/100/1000 ports.

• FULL:FULL:• Full-duplex mode.Full-duplex mode.

• Default for 100BASE-FX ports.Default for 100BASE-FX ports.• HALF:HALF:

• Half-duplex mode.Half-duplex mode.

Configuration commands later in the chapter.Configuration commands later in the chapter.Configuration commands later in the chapter.Configuration commands later in the chapter.

Page 8: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-8 Chapter 2-1

Ethernet CommunicationsEthernet Communications

• Switch Port Settings:Switch Port Settings:• AUTO:AUTO:

• Auto-negotiation of duplex mode. Dua port Auto-negotiation of duplex mode. Dua port berkomunikasi untuk menentukan mode yang terbaik.berkomunikasi untuk menentukan mode yang terbaik.

• Koneksi Auto-negotiation hasilnya tidak bisa diprediksi.Koneksi Auto-negotiation hasilnya tidak bisa diprediksi.• Jika Jika auto-negotiation fails, auto-negotiation fails, oleh karena perangkat oleh karena perangkat

yang terpasang tidak mendukung, maka Port Catalyst yang terpasang tidak mendukung, maka Port Catalyst Switch secara default beralih ke Switch secara default beralih ke half-duplex modehalf-duplex mode..

• Half-duplex di port yang satu dan full-duplex di port Half-duplex di port yang satu dan full-duplex di port lainnya akan menyebabkan error: lainnya akan menyebabkan error: “late collision”“late collision” pada pada half-duplex port. half-duplex port.

• Untuk menghindari hal ini, secara manual kita Untuk menghindari hal ini, secara manual kita mengatur parameter duplex switch sesuai dengan mengatur parameter duplex switch sesuai dengan perangkat yang terpasang . perangkat yang terpasang .

Page 9: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-9 Chapter 2-1

Ethernet CommunicationsEthernet Communications

• Switch Port Settings:Switch Port Settings:• Auto-MDIX feature:Auto-MDIX feature:

• Pada switch model lama, kita harus menggunakan cross-Pada switch model lama, kita harus menggunakan cross-over atau traight-through cable yang disesuaikan dengan over atau traight-through cable yang disesuaikan dengan device yang akan di koneksikan ke switch.device yang akan di koneksikan ke switch.

• Saat ini, jika mdix auto interface configuration command di Saat ini, jika mdix auto interface configuration command di enables-kan hal diatas tidak diperlukan lagi dengan enables-kan hal diatas tidak diperlukan lagi dengan adanya fitur adanya fitur automatic medium-dependent interface automatic medium-dependent interface crossover (auto-MDIX)crossover (auto-MDIX) pada switch. pada switch.

• Dengan me-enablekan fitur ini, switch akan men-deteksi Dengan me-enablekan fitur ini, switch akan men-deteksi interface yang dibutuhkan copper media dan mengconfigur interface yang dibutuhkan copper media dan mengconfigur interface dengan koneksi yang sesuai.interface dengan koneksi yang sesuai.

Configuration commands later in the chapter.Configuration commands later in the chapter.Configuration commands later in the chapter.Configuration commands later in the chapter.

Page 10: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-10 Chapter 2-1

Switch MAC Address TableSwitch MAC Address Table

• Switches menggunakan MAC addresses untuk mengarahkan trafik Switches menggunakan MAC addresses untuk mengarahkan trafik network ke port tujuan yang tepat.network ke port tujuan yang tepat.

• Switch membuat MAC address table dari mempelajari MAC Switch membuat MAC address table dari mempelajari MAC addresses dari setiap device yang terhubung ke port switch.addresses dari setiap device yang terhubung ke port switch.

• Setelah MAC address dimasukkan ke dalam MAC Address Table, Setelah MAC address dimasukkan ke dalam MAC Address Table, maka switch menggunakan table entry untuk mem-forward traffic ke maka switch menggunakan table entry untuk mem-forward traffic ke node destination yang memiliki mac address tersebut.node destination yang memiliki mac address tersebut.

• Jika node destination address tidak ada dalam table mac, maka Jika node destination address tidak ada dalam table mac, maka switch akan mem-forwards frame ke semua ports.switch akan mem-forwards frame ke semua ports.

• Ketika destination me-responds, maka MAC address ditambahkan Ketika destination me-responds, maka MAC address ditambahkan ke dalam table mac.ke dalam table mac.

• Jika port dihubungkan ke switch atau hub lainnya, multiple MAC Jika port dihubungkan ke switch atau hub lainnya, multiple MAC addresses akan disimpan ke dalam table mac.addresses akan disimpan ke dalam table mac.

Page 11: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-11 Chapter 2-1

Switch MAC Address TableSwitch MAC Address Table

• Example Step 1:Example Step 1:• Switch akan menerima broadcast frame dari PC 1Switch akan menerima broadcast frame dari PC 1

melalui Port 1.melalui Port 1.

Page 12: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-12 Chapter 2-1

Switch MAC Address TableSwitch MAC Address Table

• Example Step 2:Example Step 2:• Switch akan mencatat Switch akan mencatat Source MAC Address pengirim Source MAC Address pengirim

FrameFrame dan dan Nomor Port Switch penerima FrameNomor Port Switch penerima Frame ke ke address table atau dikenal sebagai address table atau dikenal sebagai MAC Addreess TableMAC Addreess Table..

Page 13: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-13 Chapter 2-1

• Example Step 3:Example Step 3:• Karena destination address belum terdapat pada MAC Table maka Karena destination address belum terdapat pada MAC Table maka

switch akan mem-broadcast ke semua port switch, switch akan switch akan mem-broadcast ke semua port switch, switch akan mem-mem-floodsfloods frame ke semua ports, frame ke semua ports, kecuali port sumber frame kecuali port sumber frame berasal.berasal.

Switch MAC Address TableSwitch MAC Address Table

Page 14: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-14 Chapter 2-1

• Example Step 4:Example Step 4:• Destination device me-replies broadcast frame tadi Destination device me-replies broadcast frame tadi

menggunakan menggunakan unicast frame addressed ke PC 1 melalui unicast frame addressed ke PC 1 melalui switchswitch..

Switch MAC Address TableSwitch MAC Address Table

Page 15: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-15 Chapter 2-1

• Example Step 5:Example Step 5:• Switch mencatat source MAC address dari PC 2 dan Switch mencatat source MAC address dari PC 2 dan

Nomor Port dari switch port yang me-received frame ke Nomor Port dari switch port yang me-received frame ke dalam MAC Address Table. dalam MAC Address Table.

Switch MAC Address TableSwitch MAC Address Table

Page 16: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-16 Chapter 2-1

• Example Step 6:Example Step 6:• Selanjutnya switch akan mem-forward frames diantara source Selanjutnya switch akan mem-forward frames diantara source

dan destination devices karena sudah terdapat dalam mac dan destination devices karena sudah terdapat dalam mac address table dan ports nya sudah di identifikasikan.address table dan ports nya sudah di identifikasikan.

Switch MAC Address TableSwitch MAC Address Table

Page 17: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-17 Chapter 2-1

Design Considerations – Ethernet/802.3Design Considerations – Ethernet/802.3

• Bandwidth and Throughput - Switch:Bandwidth and Throughput - Switch:• Major disadvantage/kerugian utama Major disadvantage/kerugian utama yang terjadi pada yang terjadi pada

Ethernet adalah terjadinya Ethernet adalah terjadinya collisionscollisions..

• Ketika 2 hosts mengirim frames secara bersamaan, Ketika 2 hosts mengirim frames secara bersamaan, maka collision/tabrakan terjadi yang mengakibatkan maka collision/tabrakan terjadi yang mengakibatkan frame yang dikirim akan rusak.frame yang dikirim akan rusak.

• Hosts akan berhenti mengirim karena adanya aturan Hosts akan berhenti mengirim karena adanya aturan Ethernet 802.3 yaitu dengan adanya metode Ethernet 802.3 yaitu dengan adanya metode CSMA/CDCSMA/CD..

• Perlu diingat, misalnya: jika Ethernet network memiliki Perlu diingat, misalnya: jika Ethernet network memiliki bandwidth10 Mb/s, maka full bandwidth untuk bandwidth10 Mb/s, maka full bandwidth untuk transmission akan tersedia jika transmission akan tersedia jika collisions yang terjadi bisa collisions yang terjadi bisa diperbaiki.diperbaiki.

Page 18: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-18 Chapter 2-1

Design Considerations – Ethernet/802.3Design Considerations – Ethernet/802.3

• Bandwidth and Throughput - Hub:Bandwidth and Throughput - Hub:

• Hub tidak memiliki mekanismeHub tidak memiliki mekanisme untuk untuk menghilangkan menghilangkan atau mengurangi collisionsatau mengurangi collisions sehingga hal ini akan sehingga hal ini akan mengakibatkan berkurangnya bandwidth yang mengakibatkan berkurangnya bandwidth yang tersedia. tersedia.

• Karena pada Hub menggunakan Ethernet network Karena pada Hub menggunakan Ethernet network secara bersamaan maka akan mempengaruhi secara bersamaan maka akan mempengaruhi throughputthroughput dari network. dari network.

Page 19: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-19 Chapter 2-1

• Ada 2 pertimbangan utama ketika kita merancang sebuah Ada 2 pertimbangan utama ketika kita merancang sebuah LAN :LAN :

• Controlling Network LatencyControlling Network Latency• Removing bottlenecks (menghilangkan antrian)Removing bottlenecks (menghilangkan antrian)

• Network Latency:Network Latency:• Latency adalah waktu untuk frame atau packet sampai Latency adalah waktu untuk frame atau packet sampai

dikirim dari source ke destinations.dikirim dari source ke destinations.• Bottlenecks:Bottlenecks:

• Bottlenecks adalah antrian pengiriman data yang terjadi Bottlenecks adalah antrian pengiriman data yang terjadi akibat dari padatnya traffic penggunaan network.akibat dari padatnya traffic penggunaan network.

LAN Design ConsiderationsLAN Design Considerations

Page 20: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-20 Chapter 2-1

Design Considerations – Ethernet/802.3Design Considerations – Ethernet/802.3

• Network Congestion/Kemacetan Network:Network Congestion/Kemacetan Network:• Alasan utama melakukanAlasan utama melakukan segmentasi LAN segmentasi LAN ke bagian ke bagian

yang lebih kecil adalah untuk meng-isolasi traffic dan yang lebih kecil adalah untuk meng-isolasi traffic dan untuk mendapatkan bandwidth per-user terbaik.untuk mendapatkan bandwidth per-user terbaik.

• Tanpa segmentasi, LAN dapat dengan cepat mengalami Tanpa segmentasi, LAN dapat dengan cepat mengalami kemacetan dan collision.kemacetan dan collision.

• Hal ini pada umumnya terjadi karena:Hal ini pada umumnya terjadi karena:• Adanya penambahan jumlah computer dan network Adanya penambahan jumlah computer dan network

technologies.technologies.• Adanya penambahan jumlah traffik dalam network.Adanya penambahan jumlah traffik dalam network.• Penerapan aplikasi yang memerlukan bandwidth yang Penerapan aplikasi yang memerlukan bandwidth yang

tinggi. tinggi.

Page 21: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-21 Chapter 2-1

• Layer 2 Switching:Layer 2 Switching:• Melakukan switching dan filtering hanya pada Melakukan switching dan filtering hanya pada Data Link Data Link

layer dari OSI Layer / layer dari OSI Layer / (Layer 2) MAC address.(Layer 2) MAC address.• Semuanya transparan untuk network protocols dan user Semuanya transparan untuk network protocols dan user

applications.applications.• Layer 2 switch membangun MAC address table untuk Layer 2 switch membangun MAC address table untuk

membuat keputusan melakukan forwarding.membuat keputusan melakukan forwarding.

Layer 2 and Layer 3 SwitchingLayer 2 and Layer 3 Switching

Cisco CatalystCisco Catalyst2960 Series2960 Series

Cisco CatalystCisco Catalyst2960 Series2960 Series

Page 22: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-22 Chapter 2-1

• Layer 3 Switching:Layer 3 Switching:• Fungsinya hampir sama dengan Layer 2 switch tetapi tidak Fungsinya hampir sama dengan Layer 2 switch tetapi tidak

hanya menggunakan Layer 2 MAC address, hanya menggunakan Layer 2 MAC address, Layer 3 switch Layer 3 switch dapat juga menggunakan IP address information dalam dapat juga menggunakan IP address information dalam melakukan switching.melakukan switching.

• Layer 3 switch dapat juga mempelajari IP addresses yang Layer 3 switch dapat juga mempelajari IP addresses yang terdapat pada interfaces-nya.terdapat pada interfaces-nya.

• Hal ini memungkinkan Layer 3 switch untuk mengarahkan lalu Hal ini memungkinkan Layer 3 switch untuk mengarahkan lalu lintas di seluruh network berdasarkan informasi IP Address. lintas di seluruh network berdasarkan informasi IP Address.

Layer 2 and Layer 3 SwitchingLayer 2 and Layer 3 Switching

Cisco CatalystCisco Catalyst3560 Series3560 Series

Cisco CatalystCisco Catalyst3560 Series3560 Series

Page 23: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-23 Chapter 2-1

Switch Concepts and ConfigurationSwitch Concepts and Configuration

Switch Management ConfigurationSwitch Management Configuration

Page 24: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-24 Chapter 2-1

• CLI itself is basically the same as a router:CLI itself is basically the same as a router:• Access modes with a password.Access modes with a password.• Help Facility and Command HistoryHelp Facility and Command History• Configure console and telnet access.Configure console and telnet access.• Commands to configure options for each interface.Commands to configure options for each interface.• Commands to verify the status of the switch.Commands to verify the status of the switch.

• The difference is the functions to be configured:The difference is the functions to be configured:• Commands to create and control VLANs (Chapter 3)Commands to create and control VLANs (Chapter 3)• Configure a default gateway.Configure a default gateway.• Manage the MAC Address table.Manage the MAC Address table.• Switch security.Switch security.

Navigating Command-Line Interface ModesNavigating Command-Line Interface Modes

Page 25: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-25 Chapter 2-1

• Access Levels:Access Levels:• User EXEC.User EXEC.• Privileged EXEC.Privileged EXEC.

Navigating Command-Line Interface ModesNavigating Command-Line Interface Modes

Page 26: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-26 Chapter 2-1

• Configuration Modes:Configuration Modes:• Global Configuration Mode.Global Configuration Mode.• Interface Configuration Mode (and more….)Interface Configuration Mode (and more….)

Navigating Command-Line Interface ModesNavigating Command-Line Interface Modes

Page 27: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-27 Chapter 2-1

• GUI-Based Alternatives to the CLI:GUI-Based Alternatives to the CLI:• Cisco Network Assistant.Cisco Network Assistant.

• Configure and manage groups of switches or Configure and manage groups of switches or standalone switches.standalone switches.

• Free from Free from www.cisco.comwww.cisco.com with a Cisco ID and with a Cisco ID and Password.Password.

Navigating Command-Line Interface ModesNavigating Command-Line Interface Modes

Page 28: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-28 Chapter 2-1

• GUI-Based Alternatives to the CLI:• Cisco View.

• Menampilkan tampilan fisik dari switch yang dapat Anda gunakan untuk mengatur parameter konfigurasi.

• Melihat status switch dan performance information.• Purchased separately.• Can be a standalone application or part of a Simple

Network Management Protocol (SNMP) platform.

Navigating Command-Line Interface ModesNavigating Command-Line Interface Modes

Page 29: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-29 Chapter 2-1

• GUI-Based Alternatives to the CLI:GUI-Based Alternatives to the CLI:• Cisco Device Manager.Cisco Device Manager.

• Web-based software that is stored in the switch Web-based software that is stored in the switch memory.memory.

• Configure and manage switches.Configure and manage switches.• Access from anywhere in your network through a web Access from anywhere in your network through a web

browser.browser.

Navigating Command-Line Interface ModesNavigating Command-Line Interface Modes

Page 30: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-30 Chapter 2-1

• GUI-Based Alternatives to the CLI:GUI-Based Alternatives to the CLI:• SNMP Network Management.SNMP Network Management.

• You can manage switches from a SNMP-compatible You can manage switches from a SNMP-compatible management station, such as HP OpenView.management station, such as HP OpenView.

• The switch is able to provide comprehensive The switch is able to provide comprehensive management information. management information.

• SNMP network management is more common in large SNMP network management is more common in large enterprise networks.enterprise networks.

Navigating Command-Line Interface ModesNavigating Command-Line Interface Modes

Page 31: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-31 Chapter 2-1

• Word / Command line syntax Help:Word / Command line syntax Help:

Using the Help FacilityUsing the Help Facility

Page 32: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-32 Chapter 2-1

• Console Error Messages:Console Error Messages:

Using the Help FacilityUsing the Help Facility

Page 33: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-33 Chapter 2-1

• Switch loads the Boot Loader program.• Small program stored in NVRAM.

• CPU Initialization.• POST (Check Router Conditions and Configurasi

Register).• Initializes flash memory.• Loads a default OS image into memory and boots the

switch.

• The OS then initializes the interfaces using the Cisco IOS commands found in the operating system configuration file config.text, stored in the switch flash memory.

Switch Boot SequenceSwitch Boot Sequence

Page 34: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-34 Chapter 2-1

• A PC connected to the console port.A PC connected to the console port.• A terminal emulator applicationA terminal emulator application (e.g.. HyperTerminal) is (e.g.. HyperTerminal) is

running and configured correctly.running and configured correctly.• Attach the power cord to the switch.Attach the power cord to the switch.

• Some Catalyst switches, including the 2950 and 2960 Some Catalyst switches, including the 2950 and 2960 series switches series switches do not have a power buttondo not have a power button..

Prepare to Configure the SwitchPrepare to Configure the Switch

Page 35: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-35 Chapter 2-1

• Key Configuration Sequences:Key Configuration Sequences:• Switch Management Interface:Switch Management Interface:

• To manage a switch remotely using TCP/IP, you need To manage a switch remotely using TCP/IP, you need to assign the switch an IP address. to assign the switch an IP address.

• An access layer switch is much like a PC in that you An access layer switch is much like a PC in that you need to configure an need to configure an IP address, a subnet mask, and IP address, a subnet mask, and a default gatewaya default gateway..

• Duplex and Speed of active interfaces:Duplex and Speed of active interfaces:• Usually the default but can be modified.Usually the default but can be modified.

• Support for HTTP access.Support for HTTP access.• We will restrict ourselves to the CLI.We will restrict ourselves to the CLI.

• MAC address table management.MAC address table management.

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 36: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-36 Chapter 2-1

• Switch Management Interface:Switch Management Interface:

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 37: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-37 Chapter 2-1

• Switch Management Interface:Switch Management Interface:• Note that a Layer 2 switch, such as the Cisco Catalyst Note that a Layer 2 switch, such as the Cisco Catalyst

2960, only permits a 2960, only permits a single VLAN interface to be active at single VLAN interface to be active at a timea time. .

• This means that the Layer 3 interface This means that the Layer 3 interface (interface VLAN 99)(interface VLAN 99) is is activeactive, but the Layer 3 interface , but the Layer 3 interface (interface VLAN 1)(interface VLAN 1) is is not activenot active..

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 38: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-38 Chapter 2-1

• Configure Default Gateway:• Anda perlu mengkonfigurasi switch sehingga dapat

meneruskan paket IP ke jaringan remote .• Pada configurasi ini, switch layaknya seperti sebuah host.• Hanya digunakan untuk mem-forward switch

management traffic.• Ini tidak ada hubungannya dengan traffic data dari user. • Why does it have to be forwarded?

• You can make a Telnet or SSH connection to a switch from another subnet to perform maintenance or troubleshoot.

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 39: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-39 Chapter 2-1

• Verify Configuration:Verify Configuration:

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 40: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-40 Chapter 2-1

• Configure Duplex and Speed:Configure Duplex and Speed:• You can use the duplex interface configuration command You can use the duplex interface configuration command

to specify the duplex mode of operation for switch ports. to specify the duplex mode of operation for switch ports. • You canYou can manually set manually set the duplex mode and speed of the duplex mode and speed of

switch ports toswitch ports to avoid inter-vendor issues avoid inter-vendor issues with with autonegotiation. autonegotiation.

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 41: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-41 Chapter 2-1

• Configure HTTP Access:Configure HTTP Access:• Modern Cisco switches have a number of web-based Modern Cisco switches have a number of web-based

configuration tools that require that the switch is configuration tools that require that the switch is configured as an HTTP server.configured as an HTTP server.

• These applications include:These applications include:• Cisco web browser user interface.Cisco web browser user interface.• Cisco Router and Security Device Manager (SDM).Cisco Router and Security Device Manager (SDM).• IP Phone and Cisco IOS Telephony Service IP Phone and Cisco IOS Telephony Service

applications.applications.• Be aware that these services Be aware that these services are not necessarily are not necessarily

activatedactivated in a configuration. The availability of this option in a configuration. The availability of this option does not meandoes not mean that you do not need to know how to use that you do not need to know how to use the CLI commands.the CLI commands.

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 42: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-42 Chapter 2-1

• MAC Address Table Management:MAC Address Table Management:• Switches use MAC address tables to determine how to Switches use MAC address tables to determine how to

forward traffic between ports.forward traffic between ports.• These MAC tables include These MAC tables include dynamic and staticdynamic and static addresses. addresses.

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 43: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-43 Chapter 2-1

• Static MAC Addresses:• Network administrator dapat membuat static MAC addresses pada

ports switch.• The switch always knows which port to send out traffic destined for

that specific MAC address.• Untuk meng-create static mapping dalam MAC address table,

menggunakan command:

mac-address-table static <MAC address> vlan {1-4096, ALL} interface interface-id

SW1(config)#mac-address-table static 0090.2B35.6C00 vlan 99 interface fastEthernet 0/20

• Untuk me-remove nya, menggunakan command :

‘no’ mac-address-table static <MAC address> vlan {1-4096, ALL} interface interface-id.

SW1(config)#no mac-address-table static 0090.2B35.6C00 vlan 99 interface fastEthernet 0/20

Basic Switch ConfigurationBasic Switch Configuration

Page 44: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-44 Chapter 2-1

• Using the Using the showshow commands: commands:

Verifying Switch ConfigurationVerifying Switch Configuration

Page 45: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-45 Chapter 2-1

• Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:• Backup to the flash drive.Backup to the flash drive.

Basic Switch ManagementBasic Switch Management

Page 46: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-46 Chapter 2-1

• Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:• Restore from the flash drive.Restore from the flash drive.

Basic Switch ManagementBasic Switch Management

Page 47: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-47 Chapter 2-1

• Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:• Backup to a TFTP server.Backup to a TFTP server.

• Make sure that the TFTP server is running.Make sure that the TFTP server is running.• Login to the switch.Login to the switch.• Upload the configuration to the TFTP server.Upload the configuration to the TFTP server.

SW1#copy running-config tftp:SW1#copy running-config tftp:

Address or name of remote host []? Address or name of remote host []? 172.17.50.254172.17.50.254

Destination filename [SW1-confg]? Destination filename [SW1-confg]? SW1-backupSW1-backup

Writing running-config....!!Writing running-config....!!

[OK - 1161 bytes][OK - 1161 bytes]

1161 bytes copied in 3.02 secs (0 bytes/sec)1161 bytes copied in 3.02 secs (0 bytes/sec)

Basic Switch ManagementBasic Switch Management

Page 48: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-48 Chapter 2-1

• Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:• Restore from a TFTP server.Restore from a TFTP server.

• Make sure that the TFTP server is running.Make sure that the TFTP server is running.• Login to the switch.Login to the switch.• download the configuration to the TFTP server.download the configuration to the TFTP server.

SW1#copy tftp: running-configSW1#copy tftp: running-config

Address or name of remote host []? Address or name of remote host []? 172.17.50.254172.17.50.254

Address or name of remote host []? Address or name of remote host []? SW1-backupSW1-backup

Destination filename [running-config]? Destination filename [running-config]?

Accessing tftp://172.17.50.254/SW1-backup...Accessing tftp://172.17.50.254/SW1-backup...

Loading SW1-backup from 172.17.50.254: !Loading SW1-backup from 172.17.50.254: !

[OK - 1161 bytes][OK - 1161 bytes]

1161 bytes copied in 0.01 secs (116100 bytes/sec)1161 bytes copied in 0.01 secs (116100 bytes/sec)

Basic Switch ManagementBasic Switch Management

Page 49: Expl sw chapter_02_switches_part_1

CCNA3-49 Chapter 2-1

• Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:Backing up and Restoring Switch Configuration Files:• Clearing configuration files.Clearing configuration files.

• Deleting files from the flash drive.Deleting files from the flash drive.• deletedelete flash:filename flash:filename

Basic Switch ManagementBasic Switch Management