EXPERIMENTAL PILOT PLANT FOR TRITIUM SEPARATION Present Status and Perspectives National Institute...

EXPERIMENTAL PILOT PLANT EXPERIMENTAL PILOT PLANT FOR TRITIUM SEPARATIONFOR TRITIUM SEPARATION

Present Status and PerspectivesPresent Status and Perspectives

National Institute of Cryogenics and Isotope National Institute of Cryogenics and Isotope TechnologiesTechnologies

ICIT Rm. ValceaICIT Rm. Valcea

RomaniaRomania

Nuclear ActivitiesNuclear Activities

ICIT has developed nuclear activities ICIT has developed nuclear activities related to:related to:• Heavy WaterHeavy Water• TritiumTritium

NATIONAL R&D INSTITUTE FOR CRYOGENICS AND ISOTOPES TECHNOLOGIES ICIT RM. VALCEA

Heavy waterHeavy water

Heavy water plant from ROMAG Drobeta Tr. Heavy water plant from ROMAG Drobeta Tr. SeverinSeverin• Expertise for the plantExpertise for the plant• Heavy water standardsHeavy water standards

Upgrading plant from CNE PROD & CNE Upgrading plant from CNE PROD & CNE INVEST CernavodaINVEST Cernavoda• Expertise for upgrading plantExpertise for upgrading plant• Project for packingProject for packing• Production of packing for upgrading tower from Production of packing for upgrading tower from

CNE INVESTCNE INVEST• Heavy water standardsHeavy water standards


TritiumTritium

Hydrogen isotopes separation experience help Hydrogen isotopes separation experience help ICIT to produce Romanian technology for ICIT to produce Romanian technology for tritium separationtritium separation

Tritium removal facility - Experimental Pilot Tritium removal facility - Experimental Pilot Plant for Deuterium and Tritium SeparationPlant for Deuterium and Tritium Separation

Tritium laboratory – tritium analysisTritium laboratory – tritium analysis Environmental laboratory – tritium evaluationEnvironmental laboratory – tritium evaluation


Technological Detritiation ProcessesTechnological Detritiation Processes

Front EndFront End VPCE = Vapor Phase Catalytic ExchangeVPCE = Vapor Phase Catalytic Exchange LPCE = Liquid Phase Catalytic ExchangeLPCE = Liquid Phase Catalytic Exchange CECE = Combined Electrolyses Catalytic CECE = Combined Electrolyses Catalytic

ExchangeExchange DE = Direct electrolysisDE = Direct electrolysis

Back EndBack End CD = Cryogenic DistillationCD = Cryogenic Distillation P = Permeation SystemP = Permeation System


WHY TRF IN ROMANIA ?WHY TRF IN ROMANIA ?

Rising the tritium level in heavy Rising the tritium level in heavy water from CERNAVODA NPP (>32 water from CERNAVODA NPP (>32 Ci/kg in 2005)Ci/kg in 2005)

Environment and human Environment and human contamination riskcontamination risk

New requirements in 2007 after New requirements in 2007 after Romania join EU Romania join EU

Tritium application for fusion Tritium application for fusion technologies – Romania can offer technologies – Romania can offer tritium for fusion reactortritium for fusion reactor


Tritium Removal FacilityTritium Removal Facility

BackgroundBackground

ICIT experience in catalyst ICIT experience in catalyst manufacture;manufacture;

ICIT experience in technological ICIT experience in technological processes of catalytic exchange;processes of catalytic exchange;

Operating and improvement of Operating and improvement of isotopic catalytic exchange plant for isotopic catalytic exchange plant for last 20 years;last 20 years;

Technological equipment and Technological equipment and analysis systems.analysis systems.




Technologies for tritium separation developed by Technologies for tritium separation developed by

ICITICIT


SolutionSolution

CATALYTIC ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE TRITIATED HEAVY CATALYTIC ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE TRITIATED HEAVY WATER - DEUTERIUM, FOLLOWED BY CRYOGENIC WATER - DEUTERIUM, FOLLOWED BY CRYOGENIC

DISTILLATIONDISTILLATION

ICSI CHOOSE FOR PILOT PLANT

Front End

LPCE

Back End

CD


DesignDesignDTO

Purification CD

Storage

D2O

LPCE

D2

D2

DT or T2

MODERATOR

TechnologyTechnology Catalytic isotopic exchangeCatalytic isotopic exchange PurificationPurification Cryogenic distillationCryogenic distillation

Outside view of Pilot Plant Inside view of Pilot Plant


Inside View of Pilot Plant For Deuterium and Tritium SeparationInside View of Pilot Plant For Deuterium and Tritium Separation


Design BasisDesign Basis

maximum activity for tritium in heavy water: maximum activity for tritium in heavy water: 30 Ci/kg30 Ci/kg

maximum tritium inventory: 300,000 Cimaximum tritium inventory: 300,000 Ci annual quantity of heavy water: 2000 kgannual quantity of heavy water: 2000 kg Minimum DMinimum D22O feed isotopic: 99.8 % O feed isotopic: 99.8 % Water Feed Rate: 8 kg/hWater Feed Rate: 8 kg/h Tritium inventory in CD: 200,000 Ci (60,000 Ci Tritium inventory in CD: 200,000 Ci (60,000 Ci

for commissioning)for commissioning) Design service life: 30 yearsDesign service life: 30 years

Present StatusPresent Status

The plant has the license ICSI 01-2002 for building The plant has the license ICSI 01-2002 for building

from CNCAN – valability December 2007from CNCAN – valability December 2007 The plant has the license ICSI 01-2006 for The plant has the license ICSI 01-2006 for

commissioning from CNCAN – valability December commissioning from CNCAN – valability December

20082008 The plant starts the preliminary tests based by a The plant starts the preliminary tests based by a

program approved by CNCANprogram approved by CNCAN Project and Safety Analysis Report review as CNCAN Project and Safety Analysis Report review as CNCAN

requiredrequired

Present Status (cont)Present Status (cont)

Technological review of plantTechnological review of plant Upgraded process safety in testsUpgraded process safety in tests Work on radiological safety system in conformity Work on radiological safety system in conformity

with license terms with license terms Training operating personal (Cernavoda, ICIT)Training operating personal (Cernavoda, ICIT)

Present Status (cont)Present Status (cont)

Catalytic isotopic exchange module in Catalytic isotopic exchange module in preliminary tests after equipment replacementpreliminary tests after equipment replacement

Cryogenic distillation – recalculation of Cryogenic distillation – recalculation of cryogenic cycle for new conditions imposed by cryogenic cycle for new conditions imposed by the licensethe license

Data acquisition and process control in testsData acquisition and process control in tests Pre-commissioning of safety system in Pre-commissioning of safety system in

conformity with license termsconformity with license terms Upgrade of safeguards Upgrade of safeguards

CNCAN LicensesCNCAN Licenses


ImplementingImplementing

the technologythe technology

WHERE?WHERE?

CNE PROD Cernavoda CNE PROD Cernavoda (or any CANDU)(or any CANDU)

ITERITER




ICIT PILOT PLANT

Catalytic isotopic exchange tritiated heavy water - deuterium, followed by cryogenic distillation

P IEC

CD

Tritiated Feed Water

Tritium Depleted Water

D2

Tritium Analysis System

MONITORING AND SAFETY SYSTEMS

Links between experimental modules for Tritium and Deuterium Separation Pilot Plant

TritiumStorage System

HR

CD 1

Boiler

O2 PurifierElectrolyser

H2O, HTO

H2, HTLPCE Column

Heater

Condenser

Boiler

H2O

O2

CD2

H2 • HR – Helium refrigerator• CD1, CD2 – Cryogenic distillation

Potential combination of WDS and ISS at ITER

WDS / ITER: LPCE ELECTROLYSES (PERMEATION) CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION

WDS / ICIT LPCE PURIFICATION CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION

EURATOM - FUSION PROGRAMEURATOM - FUSION PROGRAM

LINKS BETWEEN WDS FOR ITER AND ICIT – WDS SYSTEMLINKS BETWEEN WDS FOR ITER AND ICIT – WDS SYSTEM

Future activitiesFuture activities

Radioprotection development – new equipments Radioprotection development – new equipments

upgrade requiredupgrade required Finalize of implementing QA in technology in Finalize of implementing QA in technology in

conformity with new CNCAN’s QA regulationsconformity with new CNCAN’s QA regulations Minor improvement regarding the technologyMinor improvement regarding the technology Training of personalTraining of personal Elaborate of Romanian standards for tritium activitiesElaborate of Romanian standards for tritium activities


Application of ICIT work:

Water Detritiation Systems at CANDU/JET/ITER Tritium technologies

Potential beneficiaries: - Tritium Removal Facility in Romania- Detritiation technology applied at CNE PROD Cernavoda- EUROPEAN COMMUNITY Fusion Nuclear Research Programs


EURATOM - FUSION PROGRAMEURATOM - FUSION PROGRAM

ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENTS.ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENTS. QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR RADIOISOTOPE LABORATORYQUALITY ASSURANCE FOR RADIOISOTOPE LABORATORY

Environmental monitoring program in order to establish tritium baseline levels on and off Experimental Cryogenic Plant for Tritium and Deuterium Separation;

Hydrodynamics study on the Danube – Black Sea Channel using tritiated wastewater from a nuclear power plant as a tracer;

Natural sparkling water sources analysis based on tritium measurements;

Participation to sixth IAEA intercomparison of low-level tritium measurements in water (TRIC2000).


IAEA PROGRAMESIAEA PROGRAMES

Participation to Sixth IAEA Intercomparison of Low-level Tritium Participation to Sixth IAEA Intercomparison of Low-level Tritium Measurements in Water TRIC2000 Measurements in Water TRIC2000

(Report IAEA, p. 22)(Report IAEA, p. 22)



Radiocarbon LSC Analysis and Radiocarbon LSC Analysis and

Environmental ApplicationsEnvironmental Applications A new line sample preparation has been put on work and

tests are going to be made in order to define this new analysis technique.



PerspectivesPerspectives Commissioning and operation of TRFCommissioning and operation of TRF Developing technical specification for Developing technical specification for

Cernavoda TRFCernavoda TRF Basic design for CTRF technologyBasic design for CTRF technology Equipments and materials for Equipments and materials for

tritium/deuterium separation/productiontritium/deuterium separation/production Developing researches regarding tritium Developing researches regarding tritium

technologies, specially for ITERtechnologies, specially for ITER Upgrade of technology/plant for other tritium Upgrade of technology/plant for other tritium

experimentsexperiments Training center for tritium activitiesTraining center for tritium activities


EXPERIMENTAL PILOT PLANT FOR TRITIUM SEPARATION Present Status and Perspectives National Institute...

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