EXPERIMENTAL AND INVESTIGATION OF AUTOMATION PIPE … › archives › V6 › i3 ›...

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | Page 7820

EXPERIMENTAL AND INVESTIGATION OF AUTOMATION PIPE CRACK

DETECTION USING LDR SENSOR

Mr. S HARIBABU1, K ASHWIN KUMAR2, T BALAMURUGAN3, T R GHOWTHAM4

PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

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ABSTRACT

The piping system is the best option for

the transportation of oils and natural gases as this

pipe ranges a large distance. But there is the

possibility of defects such as crack, or corrosion on

the wall of pipes. So in order to detect any defect on

the interior surface of pipe, non-destructive testing

methods are employed. As the pipeline is so long, it

is impossible to go and check manually. So robots

are deployed inside the pipe line for inspection. In

some cases inspection of defects using a single robot

is not accurate. Therefore in this present disclosure

a series of the robots are deployed in the pipeline

which moves to and fro motion to cover certain

distance. The deployed series of robots detect the

defect by using the ultrasonic non-destructive

testing. Ultrasonic inspection is the technologyused

to test the objects by directing the higher frequency

sound waves onto the object to find defects on both

surface and internal. This beam travels through the

object with some loss, except when it is diverted and

reflected by a discontinuity.

Keywords: PIPELINEROBOT, PIC, ZIGBEE,

ULTRASONIC SENSOR,LDR SENSOR

1. INTRODUCTION

Designing structures like solid surface, pillars

are frequently exposed to weakness stress,

cyclic stacking, that prompts the splits that

generally start at the infinitesimal dimension on

the structure's surface. The breaks on the

structure decrease nearby solidness and cause

material discontinuities. Early discovery enables

preventive measures to be taken to anticipate

harm and conceivable disappointment. Split

discovery is the way toward recognizing the

break in the structures utilizing any of the

handling strategies. The break discovery can be

made in two different ways. They are

Destructive Testing and Non-Destructive testing.

By fusing the visual examination and reviewing

devices, surface condition insufficiencies are

evaluated.The goal of the sort, number, width

and length of the breaks on the basic surface

demonstrates the most punctual debasement

level and conveying limit of the solid

structures.For quick and dependable surface

imperfection investigation, Automatic split

location is created rather than the slower

emotional conventional human assessment

systems. In this way a more secure overview




approach is adjusted. Programmed break

discovery is viable for Non-ruinous testing.

Broken water funnels present difficult issues for

urban areas, as it prompts the loss of about a

billion liters of clean drinking water each day. A

self-driving robot, called Tubebot, an upkeep

robot intended for use in the funneling of urban

drinking water frameworks. Tubebot is an

independent robot that creates power from the

weight of water to control itself and keep it

moving. The framework ultrasonically filters the

entire length of the channeling framework and

sends the information to a remote area. Along

these lines the breaks are identified utilizing this

robot.

PROPOSED CRACK DETECTION

A.EXISTING SYSTEM:

A broad system of pipeline frameworks is utilized to

transport and circulate national vitality assets that

vigorously impact a country's economy. Hence, the

auxiliary uprightness of these pipeline frameworks must

be observed and kept up. Be that as it may, basic harm

recognition remains a test in pipeline building. To this

end, this investigation built up a changed

electromechanical impedance (EMI) system for split

recognition that includes melding data from different

sensors. We inferred another harm delicate component

factor dependent on a pipeline EMI display that

considers the impact of the holding layer between the

EMI sensors and pipeline. We tentatively approved the

viability of the proposed technique. At last, we utilized a

harm list—root implies square deviation—to inspect the

degree and position of break harm in a pipeline.

B.PROPOSED SYSTEM

Ultrasonic Inspection Robots from INSPECTOR SYSTEMS

have been exceptionally created for making nitty gritty

estimations of the thickness of pipe dividers utilizing

ultrasonic methods. These robots are particularly

reasonable for use in channels laid under the ground and

pipes with long vertical inclines.The robots are

comprised of three drive components which are

associated together utilizing adaptable collapsing howls

and obviously, one ultrasonic module. The robots can

travel both level and vertical areas of pipe with a speed

of 200 m/h. Indeed, even curves and turns with a

measurement of 1.5 D are no deterrent. Because of their

self-moved development, the robots don't should be

pushed through the funneling. The Ultrasonic Inspection

Robot is associated with its control unit through a tear

evidence glass fiber link. Because of the smooth surface

of the link, vast segments of pipe of a few hundred

meters long and pipe frameworks containing numerous

twists and vertical segments can be reviewed.

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM:

HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

PIC

MOTOR

Ultrasonic sensor




Power supply

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

Mp Lab IDE

Embedded

3. METHODOLOGY

4. TYPES OF CRACK

Horizontal Crack at the Junction

Vertical Cracks at Junction

Cracks in Foundation

Extension of Existing Pipe

Cracks in External and Internal Structures

Random Cracks in All Directions Involving both

External and Internal

Reinforced Concrete Pipe

5. Execution MONITORING

Execution checking of PIMS exercises is fundamental so

as to recognize weaknesses and make redresses. The

nonattendance of a disappointment in itself does not

suggest that specialized trustworthiness is being

accomplished. Evaluation of execution enables patterns

to be recognized and the adequacy of remedies to be

estimated. Evaluated execution pointers could include:

• Failures,

• Cathodic security blackouts,

• Corrosion rates,

• Departures from configuration working

conditions

• Third party impacts.

6. Equipment DESCRIPTION

Item DESCRIPTION:

Outfitted dc engines can be characterized as a n

expansion of dc engines An adapted DC Motor has a

rigging get together appended to the engine. The speed

of engine is included as far as turns of the pole every

moment and is named as RPM .The apparatus get

together aides in expanding the torque and decreasing

the speed. Utilizing the right blend of riggings in an

apparatus engine, its speed can be diminished to any

alluring figure. This idea where gears decrease the speed

of the vehicle however increment its torque is known as

rigging decrease. A DC engine can be utilized at a voltage

lower than the evaluated voltage. However, beneath




1000 rpm, the speed winds up flimsy, and the engine

won't run easily.

6.1 ZIGBEE 2.4 GHZ TI CC2500

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based determination for a

suite of abnormal state correspondence conventions

utilized for remote systems administration. It is a remote

innovation created as an open worldwide standard to

address the exceptional needs of minimal effort, low-

control remote M2M systems. ZigBee (CC2500) is an

ease genuine single chip 2.4 GHz handset intended for

extremely low power remote applications. The RF

handset is incorporated with a very configurable

baseband modem.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

ZIGBEE GADGETS ARE REQUIRED TO ADJUST TO THE

IEEE 802.15.4-2003 LOW-RATE WIRELESS PERSONAL

AREA NETWORK (LR-WPAN) STANDARD. THE

STANDARD DETERMINES THE LOWER CONVENTION

LAYERS ARE THE PHYSICAL LAYER (PHY), AND THE

MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL BIT OF THE INFORMATION

CONNECT LAYER (DLL). THE INNOVATION

CHARACTERIZED BY THE ZIGBEE PARTICULAR IS

PROPOSED TO BE EASIER AND MORE AFFORDABLE

THAN DIFFERENT REMOTE INDIVIDUAL ZONE

SYSTEMS (WPANS, FOR EXAMPLE, BLUETOOTH OR WI-

FI. ITS LOW POWER UTILIZATION LIMITS

TRANSMISSION SEPARATIONS TO 10– 100 METERS

OBSERVABLE PATHWAY, CONTINGENT UPON POWER

YIELD AND NATURAL QUALITIES. ZIGBEE GADGETS

CAN TRANSMIT INFORMATION OVER LONG

SEPARATIONS BY GOING INFORMATION THROUGH A

WORK SYSTEM OF TRANSITIONAL GADGETS TO

ACHIEVE INCREASINGLY REMOVED ONES. ZIGBEE IS

COMMONLY UTILIZED IN LOW INFORMATION RATE

APPLICATIONS THAT REQUIRE LONG BATTERY LIFE

AND SECURE SYSTEMS ADMINISTRATION. ZIGBEE HAS

A CHARACTERIZED RATE OF 250 KBIT/S, MOST

APPROPRIATE FOR DISCONTINUOUS INFORMATION

TRANSMISSIONS FROM A SENSOR OR INFO GADGET.

7. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:

This circuit is a little +5V control supply, which is

valuable while trying different things with computerized

gadgets. Little economical divider transformers with

variable yield voltage are accessible from any gadgets

shop and general store. Those transformers are

effectively accessible, however more often than not their

voltage guideline is poor, which makes then not entirely

usable for computerized circuit experimenter except if a




superior guideline can be accomplished somehow or

another. The accompanying circuit is the response to the

issue. This circuit can give +5V yield at around 150 mA

current, however it very well may be expanded to 1 A

when decent cooling is added to 7805 controller chip.

The circuit has over-burden and terminal insurance.

The capacitors must have enough high voltage rating to securely deal with the info voltage feed to circuit. The

circuit is exceptionally simple to incorporate for instance with a bit of Vero board.

Pinout of the 7805 controller IC.

• 1. Unregulated voltage in

• 2. Ground

• 3. Controlled voltage out

7.1 PIC MICROCONTROLLER:

GENERAL:

The 16F877A is a skilled microcontroller that

can do numerous errands since it has a

sufficiently huge programming memory

(expansive as far as sensor and control

ventures) 8k words and 368 Bytes of RAM. This

is sufficient to do various undertakings. The 40

pins make it less demanding to utilize the

peripherals as the capacities are spread out over

the pins. This makes it simpler to choose what

outside gadgets to append without stressing

excessively if there are sufficient pins to carry

out the responsibility. One of the primary

preferences is that each stick is just shared

between a few capacities so its less demanding

to choose what the stick work.

7.2 LDR SENSOR

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

A light reliant resistor takes a shot at the guideline of photograph conductivity. Photograph

conductivity is an optical wonder in which the materials

conductivity is expanded when light is consumed by the

material. At the point when light falls for example at the

point when the photons fall on the gadget, the electrons

in the valence band of the semiconductor material are

eager to the conduction band. These photons in the

episode light ought to have vitality more prominent than

the band hole of the semiconductor material to make the

electrons hop from the valence band to the conduction

band. Consequently when light having enough vitality

strikes on the gadget, an ever increasing number of

electrons are eager to the conduction band which results

in huge number of charge bearers. The aftereffect of this

procedure is an ever increasing number of current

begins moving through the gadget when the circuit is

shut and consequently it is said that the obstruction of

the gadget has been diminished.




8. LEAKAGE DETCTION AND REPAIR

. Hole Detection and Repair Strategies There are

different techniques for identifying water dispersion

framework spills. These techniques more often than not

include utilizing sonic hole discovery hardware, which

distinguishes the sound of water getting away from a

pipe. What's more, associated gadgets can tune in at two

at the same time to pinpoint the careful area of a hole.

Substantial holes don't really establish the best volume

of lost water, especially if water achieves the surface

where they are normally found immediately,

disconnected, and fixed. Notwithstanding, undetected

releases, even little ones, can prompt extensive amounts

of lost water since these holes may exist for quite a

while. Choosing a methodology relies on the recurrence

of breaks in a 6 given pipe and the relative expenses to

supplant and fix them

CONCLU SION

• By joining diverse strategies, we have had the

capacity to recognize splits all the more precisely

• This exploration has made it conceivable to

distinguish a break's distinctive widths utilizing

diverse limit esteems and a winding calculation.

• This strategy keeps the split and decreases the

water spillage.

• Plans for future work incorporate the proceeding

with advancement of completely robotized method

for imperfection location in the underground pipe

REFERENCES

[I] T. Iseley, D. M. Abraham, and S. Gokhale, "Canny

Sewer Condition Evaluation Technologies, " Proc. of NO-

DIG Con$,Seattle, 1997, pp. 254-265.

[2] H. D. Cheng, and M. Miyogim, "Novel System for

Automatic Pavement Distress Detection," Journal of

Computingin CivilEngineering, vol. 12(3), 1998, pp.145-

152.

[3] R. Wirahadikusumah, D. M. Abraham, T. Iseley, and R.

K. Prasanth. "Evaluation Technologies for Sewer System

Rehabilitation," Journal of Automation in Construction,

vol. 7(4), 1998, pp. 259-270.

[4] N. Merlet, and I. Zeruhia, "New Prospects in Line

Detection by Dynamic Programming," IEEE Trans.

Example Anal. MachineIntell.vol. 8, 1996, pp. 426-431.

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