Experiment No. (i) CREATING A DATA FILEiaear.weebly.com/uploads/2/6/2/5/26257106/lab_output.pdf ·...

Experiment No. (i)

CREATING A DATA FILE

Experiment No. 1(a) FREQUENCIES

Statistics

Faculty

N Valid 120

Missing 0

Faculty

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid

Arts 34 28.3 28.3 28.3

Commerce 57 47.5 47.5 75.8

Science 29 24.2 24.2 100.0

Total 120 100.0 100.0

The Faculty table shows that out of 120 students in our dataset, 34 students are from Arts, 57 from

Commerce and 29 from Science faculty.

Experiment No. 1(b) DESCRIPTIVES

Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

Score in Entrance Examination 120 45 85 60.08 7.834

Monthly Expenditure on Education 120 25 1000 512.46 185.301

Hours Spent on Reading 120 2 9 5.73 2.233

Incidence of Absence 120 1 30 14.73 8.273

Percentage of Marks in First Year 120 40 89 57.98 7.603

Percentage of Marks in Second Year 120 40 85 58.63 6.809

Beginning Salary 120 1600 20000 11834.17 3203.346

Annual Income of Parents 120 150000 680000 347500.00 118812.401

Valid N (list wise) 120

The Descriptive Statistics table is self-explanatory. Each row displays the measures of central tendency

and dispersion for each of the variables. For example, the first row shows number of observation (N),

minimum value, maximum value, mean and standard deviation for the variable Score in Entrance

Examination.

Experiment No.1(c): CROSSTABS

Case Processing Summary

Cases

Valid Missing Total

N Percent N Percent N Percent

Gender * Faculty 120 100.0% 0 0.0% 120 100.0%

Gender * Faculty Crosstabulation

Faculty Total

Arts Commerce Science

Gender

Male

Count 18 31 17 66

Expected Count 18.7 31.4 16.0 66.0

% within Gender 27.3% 47.0% 25.8% 100.0%

% within Faculty 52.9% 54.4% 58.6% 55.0%

% of Total 15.0% 25.8% 14.2% 55.0%

Female

Count 16 26 12 54

Expected Count 15.3 25.7 13.1 54.0

% within Gender 29.6% 48.1% 22.2% 100.0%

% within Faculty 47.1% 45.6% 41.4% 45.0%

% of Total 13.3% 21.7% 10.0% 45.0%

Total

Count 34 57 29 120

Expected Count 34.0 57.0 29.0 120.0

% within Gender 28.3% 47.5% 24.2% 100.0%

% within Faculty 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

% of Total 28.3% 47.5% 24.2% 100.0%

The Case Processing Summary table shows that there are no missing values. All 120 observations

were used for performing the crosstabulation.

The Gender * Faculty Crosstabulation table reveals that, there are three rows and four columns.

The row variable has two categories: Male and Female. The first two rows represent frequency

(count) and percentages of Males and Females in each Faculty (column variable category). The third row

represent the total of row statistics for each Faculty.

The column variable has three categories: Arts, Commerce and Science faculty. The first three

columns represent the count and percentages of students in each faculty; the fourth column represents

the totals of column statistics.

Experiment No. 2(a) – ONE SAMPLE T-TEST T-Test

One-Sample Statistics

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Bulb Life 10 2730.90 285.681 90.340

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 3000

t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference

Lower Upper

Bulb Life -2.979 9 .015 -269.100 -473.46 -64.74

The One Sample Statistics table gives summary measures (also called the descriptive statistics) for the

variable Bulb Life (in hours).

The second table – One Sample Test gives the t-statistic along with its associated 2-tailed significance

level (also called the p – value).

An obtained p –value shows a theoretical risk of Type – I error. Researchers usually want p to be less

than 0.05. A Type – I error occurs when the null hypothesis H0 is true and the researcher rejects it.

Experiment No. 2(b) - INDEPENDENT SAMPLE T-TEST T-Test

Group Statistics

Location N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Percentage of Marks in First

Year

Local 72 57.86 6.634 .782

Commuter 48 58.17 8.933 1.289

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for

Equality of

Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

F Sig. t df Sig.

(2-tailed)

Mean

Difference

Std. Error

Difference

95% Confidence

Interval of the

Difference

Lower Upper

Percentage of

Marks in First

Year

Equal

variances

assumed

3.235 .075 -.215 118 .830 -.306 1.422 -3.122 2.511

Equal

variances not

assumed

-.203 80.692 .840 -.306 1.508 -3.306 2.695

Experiment No. 2(c) - PAIRED SAMPLE T-TEST

T-Test

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Pair 1

Percentage of Marks in First Year

57.98 1

2

0

7.603 .694

Percentage of Marks in Second Year

58.57 1

2

0

6.796 .620

Paired Samples Correlations

N Correlation Sig.

Pair 1 Percentage of Marks in First Year &

Percentage of Marks in Second Year

120 .920 .000

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences t df Sig.

(2-tailed) Mean Std.

Deviation

Std.

Error

Mean

95% Confidence

Interval of the

Difference

Lower Upper

Pair 1

Percentage of Marks in

First Year - Percentage of

Marks in Second Year

-.583 2.992 .273 -1.124 -.043 -2.136 119 .035

Experiment No. 2(d) – ONE-WAY ANOVA

Oneway

Descriptives


N Mean Std.

Deviation

Std.

Error

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Minimum Maximum

Lower Bound Upper Bound

Arts 34 55.91 6.201 1.063 53.75 58.08 40 70

Commerce 57 59.09 7.246 .960 57.16 61.01 40 70

Science 29 58.24 9.357 1.737 54.68 61.80 40 89

Total 120 57.98 7.603 .694 56.61 59.36 40 89

Test of Homogeneity of Variances


Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.

1.682 2 117 .190

ANOVA


Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Between Groups 217.360 2 108.680 1.909 .153

Within Groups 6660.607 117 56.928

Total 6877.967 119

Means Plots

Experiment No. 3(a) – RUNS TEST

NPar Tests


N Mean Std.

Deviation

Minimum Maximum Percentiles

25th 50th (Median) 75th

Faculty 120 1.96 .726 1 3 1.00 2.00 2.00

Runs Test

Faculty

Test Valuea 2

Cases < Test Value 34

Cases >= Test Value 86

Total Cases 120

Number of Runs 43

Z -1.523

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .128

a. Median

Experiment No. 3(b) – CHI-SQUARE TEST

Crosstabs

Case Processing Summary

Cases

Valid Missing Total

N Percent N Percent N Percent

Gender * Location 120 100.0% 0 0.0% 120 100.0%

Gender * Location Crosstabulation

Count

Location Total

Local Commuter

Gender Male 33 33 66

Female 39 15 54

Total 72 48 120

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 6.111a 1 .013

Continuity Correctionb 5.220 1 .022

Likelihood Ratio 6.216 1 .013

Fisher's Exact Test .016 .011

Linear-by-Linear Association 6.060 1 .014

N of Valid Cases 120

a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 21.60.

b. Computed only for a 2x2 table

Experiment No. 3c (MANN-WHITNEY U TEST)

NPar Tests


N Mean Std.

Deviation


25th 50th

(Median)

75th


First Year

120 57.98 7.603 40 89 54.00 57.50 62.00

Location 120 1.40 .492 1 2 1.00 1.00 2.00

Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

Location N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks


Local 72 60.32 4343.00

Commuter 48 60.77 2917.00

Total 120

Test Statisticsa

Percentage of Marks

in First Year

Mann-Whitney U 1715.000

Wilcoxon W 4343.000

Z -.070


a. Grouping Variable: Location

Experiment No. 3d (WILCOXON SIGNED RANK TEST)

NPar Tests


N Mean Std.

Deviation


25th 50th

(Median)

75th


First Year

120 57.98 7.603 40 89 54.00 57.50 62.00


Second Year

120 58.57 6.796 40 85 55.00 58.00 63.00

Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test

Ranks

N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

Percentage of Marks in Second

Year - Percentage of Marks in First

Year

Negative Ranks 45a 57.44 2585.00

Positive Ranks 69b 57.54 3970.00

Ties 6c

Total 120

a. Percentage of Marks in Second Year < Percentage of Marks in First Year

b. Percentage of Marks in Second Year > Percentage of Marks in First Year

c. Percentage of Marks in Second Year = Percentage of Marks in First Year

Test Statisticsa

Percentage of Marks

in Second Year -

Percentage of Marks

in First Year

Z -1.971b


a. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test

b. Based on negative ranks.

Experiment No. 3e (KRUSKAL - WALLIS TEST)

NPar Tests


N Mean Std.

Deviation


25th 50th

(Median)

75th


First Year

120 57.98 7.603 40 89 54.00 57.50 62.00

Faculty 120 1.96 .726 1 3 1.00 2.00 2.00

Kruskal-Wallis Test

Ranks

Faculty N Mean Rank


Arts 34 51.93

Commerce 57 66.30

Science 29 59.16

Total 120

Test Statisticsa,b

Percentage of Marks

in First Year

Chi-Square 3.711

df 2

Asymp. Sig. .156

a. Kruskal Wallis Test

b. Grouping Variable: Faculty

Experiment No. 4a (CORRELATIONS)

Correlations

Correlations

Hours Spent on

Reading

Incidence of

Absence

Percentage of

Marks in First

Year

Hours Spent on Reading

Pearson Correlation 1 -.279** .290**

Sig. (2-tailed) .002 .001

N 120 120 120

Incidence of Absence

Pearson Correlation -.279** 1 -.573**

Sig. (2-tailed) .002 .000

N 120 120 120

Percentage of Marks in First

Year

Pearson Correlation .290** -.573** 1

Sig. (2-tailed) .001 .000

N 120 120 120

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Experiment No. 4b (REGRESSION)

Regression

Variables Entered/Removeda

Model Variables Entered Variables Removed Method

1

Incidence of

Absence, Monthly

Expenditure on

Education, Hours

Spent on Readingb

. Enter

a. Dependent Variable: Percentage of Marks in First Year

b. All requested variables entered.

Model Summary

Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the

Estimate

1 .600a .360 .343 6.162

a. Predictors: (Constant), Incidence of Absence, Monthly Expenditure on Education, Hours Spent

on Reading

ANOVAa

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

1

Regression 2473.601 3 824.534 21.716 .000b

Residual 4404.365 116 37.969

Total 6877.967 119


b. Predictors: (Constant), Incidence of Absence, Monthly Expenditure on Education, Hours Spent on Reading

Coefficientsa

Model Unstandardized

Coefficients

Standardized

Coefficients

t Sig.

B Std. Error Beta

1

(Constant) 60.029 2.644 22.702 .000

Monthly Expenditure on Education .005 .003 .116 1.558 .122

Hours Spent on Reading .457 .264 .134 1.731 .086

Incidence of Absence -.489 .071 -.533 -6.888 .000


Experiment No. 5 (FORECASTING)

Experiment No. 6 (PORTFOLIO SELECTION)

Experiment No. 7a – (RISK ANALYSIS)

Experiment No. 7b (SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS)

Experiment No. 8 (LINEAR PROGRAMMING – MINIMIZING & MAXIMIZING)

(i) For Minimum:

(ii) For Maximum:

Experiment No. 9a (TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM)

Experiment No. 9b (ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM)

Experiment No. 10 (NETWORKING MODELS)

Experiment No. 11 (QUEUEING THEORY)

Experiment No. 12 (INVENTORY MODELS)

Experiment No. (i) CREATING A DATA FILEiaear.weebly.com/uploads/2/6/2/5/26257106/lab_output.pdf ·...

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