Experiences from Comparable Reform-Processes in Moldova

Workshop: Identification of Applicable Approaches for the Evaluation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Dr. Heinrich Pingel-Rollmann

11Kyiv – 25 March 2015

Overview

General Information on Moldova and Moldovan Science

Analysis of Institutional Level

Science – Society – Business Cooperation

Internationalisation Strategy

Recommendations

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Personal Introduction

Center for International Migration and Development http://www.cimonline.de/en/index.asp

Role: Integrated Expert / Advisor to the ASM President Tasks: 1. Support in developing a new Science Management System 2. Revision and amendment of the R&D lgislative framework 3. Development of connections between science and

society/business 4. Facilitate Moldovan Accession to Horizon 2020 5. Foster integration of the Moldovan scientific DIASPORA in the

Moldovan R&D system

Work Report - Evaluation Methods

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Moldova: General Information

Global Competitiveness Report 2014/15

4 http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2014-15.pdf

Moldova – Country Figures

5.07 Availability of research and training services ........... ..........119 5.08 Extent of staff training .........................................................120 7.08 Country capacity to retain talent .........................................140 7.09 Country capacity to attract talent ......................... .. ...........139 9.03 FDI and technology transfer ............................... …… ............97 12th pillar: Innovation 12.01 Capacity for innovation ........................................... ..........128 12.02 Quality of scientific research institutions ................ .........121 12.03 Company spending on R&D ................................... ...........135 12.04 University-industry collaboration in R&D ............... ..........124 12.05 Gov’t procurement of advanced tech products ..... ..........127 12.06 Availability of scientists and engineers .............................128 12.07 PCT patents, applications/million pop.* .............................73 GDP per capita: 107 Moldova .............................................................................2,229

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Moldova – Country Information

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EaP Countries: Differences in terms of size, population, resources, stage of economic and institutional development

c. f. Thierry Devars, European Commission; DG Research and Innovation thierry.devars@ec.europa.eu; EU Research and Innovation cooperation with EaP countries, Brussels – 3 February 2015

Moldova: Economic partner for technology transfer underdeveloped

Moldova – Country Reports

ERAWATCH COUNTRY REPORTS 2010: Moldova ERAWATCH Network – Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI), Austria, National Council for Accreditation and Attestation (CNAA), Moldova Manfred Spiesberger, Gheorghe Cuciureanu Inco-Net EECA. S&T Policy Mix Peer Review Moldova. June 2012 Report on the review of the Moldovan S&T Policy Mix. Drafted by Spiesberger et al. (Kienzler) One of the results: evaluation and impact assessment culture need improvement.

ACADEMIA DE ŞTIINŢE A MOLDOVEI . RAPORT privind activitatea

managerială și rezultatele ştiinţifice principale obţinute 2014 http://www.asm.md/administrator/fisiere/rapoarte/f171.pdf

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Science Indicators – SCImago Country and Journal Rank

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6 RM Cites: 1996 – 1223 / 2013 – 154 Regional Ranking: 1996 – 0,35 % / 2013 – 0,02 %

Moldova - Strategy for the development of research and innovation 2020: Knowledge Moldova

Strategy for the development of research and innovation 2020: Knowledge Moldova (10/2012) • Implementation in the Republic of Moldova of the components of the

“knowledge triangle” – education-research-innovation is an imperative for the country’s development process.

• During the first transitional period (1990-1999), Moldova's GDP fell by 64%. This economic involution marginalized RI by 2004, funding for this period was at the limit. Public funding of RI decreased significantly from 0.73% of GDP in 1990 to 0.22% in 2004 (exacerbated by a sharp drop in GDP). Funding returned to 0.7% in 2008 and decreased to 0.4% in 2011

Operational level: In recent years, many instruments have been introduced in order to stimulate competitive funding (State Programs, Institutional Projects, Technology Transfer Projects, Projects for Young Researchers, Research Infrastructure Projects, Projects for organizing scientific events). Most of the RI is done in the public sector. In 2009, the government sector accounted for 77.1% of its performance on GERD (72.8% in 2005).Performance of research and innovation of the private sector (business) is quite low, statistics in this regard are not nationally relevant.

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ASM Structure

ASM Structure - CSSDT

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Meeting of the Highest Council for the Development of Science and Technology Transfer (CSSDT) (e. g. 20.02.2014)

Participating Observation: Topics, Decisions, Management Methods.

Geographical and Ecological Institute: SWOT Analysis

3 – 6/2014

Geographical and Ecological Institute: SWOT Analysis

Geographical and Ecological Institute: SWOT Analysis

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Minutes taken: bilingual (EN/RM)

Salary System – Analysis and Recommendations

• Research: 07 – 11/2013 •Desk research: legislative framework (Code of Sciences, Government Decisions etc) •Small working group (ASM experts) • Questionnaire • 28 interviews with stakeholders (directors, professors, PhD students, Parliament members and Minister etc) - translator •Group discussions (bilingual minutes) •Brochure: 3 authors •Public presentation (03/2015)

National Legal Framework - Tables

Salary System – Additional Resources

Salary System – Analysis and Recommendations

• Allow researchers who are able to attract funding from third parties

(business, society) or are involved actively in these kind of projects to receive additional payment comparable to the possibilities and regulations regarding the involvement in European and international R & D projects (HG, No. 534, 20.07.13)

• Reduce the importance of seniority within the salary system. The percentage for young researchers should be increased from the very beginning and, in addition, the yearly increase in the beginning of work life should be faster than at the end.

• Additional payment for knowing a foreign language should be reduced to the proven knowledge of English. (language test certification)

• Financial support to children should be provided (at least half of the monthly existence minimum; 09/2013: 800 MDLei) - Family Allowances (European Standard – Acquis Communitaire)

Salary System – Analysis and Recommendations

• Increase the basic salary for all staff categories, starting with category 13

(factor k:1,5 of the existence minimum) • Bonus and premium payment should depend on the performance and the

indicators outlined in the Government Decison (HG, No. 49, 30.01.12) • Total number of working hours per month should be limited to 240 hours.

(Association Agreement EU – RM, Article 22 ; Directiva 2003/88/CE a Parlamentului European si a Consiliului din 4 noiembrie 2003)

• Alternative: Basic salary for researchers should be simplified by reducing

from cat 24 – 13 to three categories: Dr Habilitat/ Institute Directors, Post Docs, PhD Students (Master Level)

Hirsch Index: example Ac. Tighineanu

Salary System – Analysis and Recommendations

Human Resources Development

Hypothesis: Human Resources are one of the most important factors regarding a successful organizational development Questionnaire: • Does the leadership‘s management approach allow and foster the

scientists‘ and employees‘ active participation in the institutional development?

• Is Continous Education / lifelong learning identified as strategic necessity? Has a thorough needs analysis been carried out?

• Does a Continuous Education System exist? (e. g. organisational framework, insitutional and individual in-service training plans)

• Is there a transparent selection process? (i.e. positions offered at the website, participation of employees‘ representatives)

Among others cf. DIRECTIVE 2002/73/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 23 September 2002 amending Council Directive 76/207/EEC on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:269:0015:0020:EN:PDF)

• Are there Annual Performance Appraisals (Reviews)? Example University Aberdeen: http://www.abdn.ac.uk/staffnet/working-here/appraisal-1602.php

Agency for Innovation and Technology Transfer(AITT) – ASM Report

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Roman Chirca, 03/2015

Financed Technology Transfer Projects

Result of decrease in budget support

EU - Innovation Indicators

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Measuring innovation output in Europe: towards new indicators COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS Brussels, 13.9.2013, COM(2013) 624 final http://ec.europa.eu/research/press/2013/pdf/indicator_of_innovation_output.pdf

6 Country Performance Levels

4 Innovation Criteria: •technological innovation, measured by patents, as a crucial output of the R&D and innovation process, showing the ability of an economy to transform knowledge into technology. •how a highly skilled labour force feeds into the economic structure of a country •competitiveness of knowledge-intensive goods and services •employment in fast-growing firms of innovative sectors.

Science – Business / ELMO Project

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Entrepreneurship Learning in Moldova (ELMO) – Start Up and Spin Off Training for Moldovan PhD students, Post Docs and Research Institutes / International Preparatory

Workshop January 2015 – ERASMUS+ CBHEI Project Application (2/2015)

Partners: ASM, AITT, 5 RM Universities, DE, PT, RO, LT; RM Associations, Companies

Starting Point: Analysis of Technology Transfer in RM together with AITT (04/2014)

Science – Business Cooperation

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BITTEM Project -

Bilateral Technology Transfer Excellence for Moldova (2014/2015): Experience from Estonia, i. e. Start Up Pitches Evaluation Method: Participating Observation; Desk Research, Interviews with Project Coordinators and Target Group Members

International Cooperation

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Participant

Country

Name

ENERG

Y

ENV HEALT

H

ICT KBB

E

NM

P

SEC SPA SSH TPT Gran

d

Total

Armenia 1 2 5 1 3 2 14

Azerbaijan 4 2 1 4 11

Belarus 3 10 1 4 1 4 2 25

Georgia 4 5 3 4 3 4 1 24

Moldova 1 1 6 4 1 1 3 17

Ukraine 9 24 8 8 16 20 3 10 9 19 126

Grand Total 10 34 24 32 24 30 3 11 24 25 217

The Eastern Partnership FP 7 Projects: Distribution of participations among countries and thematic areas.

Rodrigo Martin Galan, 6 August 2013

International Cooperation - Horizon 2020

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H2020 Association Agreement: 06/2014

CIP: Group of National Contact Points – Info Days / Workshops Problem: Knowledge of the English Language

Science in Moldova – Problems Identified

Migration of high qualified scientists. ( especially young

researchers)

Underdeveloped links between science and business

Underdeveloped culture of Communication and Cooperation (i.e. ASM research institutes and universities)

Limited participation in international projects – Visibility on European and global level (Problem: English knowledge)

Low salaries – inflexible system

Science in Moldova – Problems Identified

Limited financial support for science from the government (0.4

% GDP)

Overaged scientists

Underdeveloped Human Resources Development System

Hierarchical management styles and bureaucratical structures – Limited Autonomy and Efficiency

Evaluation Methodology

• Desk Research: international and national policy documents, research studies, statistics etc.

• Comparison of national legislation with EU legislation

• Participating observeration: conferences, meetings, CSSDT,

ASM Assembly, info days, trainings, workshop • Questionnaires and Interviews (semi-structured) • SWOT-Analyses

• Round tables: stakeholders, target groups (decision makers,

researchers, young researchers, technology transfer

Thank you very much for your attention

Dr. Heinrich Pingel-Rollmann

Integrated Expert / Advisor to the President of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova

pingel-rollmann@asm.md

heinrich.pingel-rollmann@cimonline.de h.pingel-rollmann@r-online.de

Salary System – European Examples

Estonia: Universitățile estoniene sunt autonome și au reguli salariale diferite.

În 2008, tot bugetul de stat - instrumente de finanțare aferente salariilor cercetătorilor au crescut cu 30% în Estonia. Minimum (Euro)

•Cercetător : 723 •Cercetător Superior: 1085 •Cercetător Principal: 1446

Finlanda: • 4 niveluri – doctorand, postdoctorand, asistent profesoral, profesor

universitar • Salariul se bazează pe nivelul cerinţelor de sarcini în funcție de graficul locurilor de muncă pentru cadrele didactice și de cercetare sau pentru personalul general. • Sarcina specifică a salariului este completată de componenta performanţei profesionale, de prestare a muncii, care poate ajunge la un maxim de 46 la sută din sarcina specifică a salariului. • Definirea nivelului cerinţelor se bazează pe documentația angajatului privind sarcinile sale despre care angajatul discută cu superiorul său pe parcursul perioadei de evaluare. După aceea , șeful Secţiei și șeful Departamentului îşi exprimă părerile, și în cele din urmă nivelul cerințelor propuse sunt discutate în cadrul Grupului de evaluare.

3 Niveluri: Minim Mediu, Maxim

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Agency for Innovation and Technology Transfer(AITT) - Report

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6 Roman Chirca, 02/2014 - Personal discussions

Science – Business Cooperation

BITTEM Project: Result Cooperation Agreement (02/2015) “Agency for Innovation and Technology Transfer of the Republic of Moldova (hereinafter referred to as AITT), represented by Roman Chircă, General Director and the hereinafter MTTN, ASM, CCI, ODIMM, AITT, , separately referred to as a "Party" and jointly as the "Parties". 1 PURPOSE OF THE AGREEMENT 1.1 The objective of the present agreement, hereinafter referred to as the Agreement, shall be long-term cooperation in the fields of innovation and technology transfer, and Cooperation within Horizon 2020 and COSME Programme specifically in coordination, information flow, transparency, and accountability of the innovation and technology transfer process in the Republic of Moldova. 2 AREAS OF CO-OPERATION 2.1 The co-operation shall be carried out through such activities or programs as:

2.1.1 Creating Public Private Partnerships 2.1.2 Supporting inter-firm cooperation 2.1.3 Supporting internationalization and innovation”

International Activities - CIP

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International Cooperation

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46 Bilateral Contracts: i. e. Ukraine, Russia, Italy, Germany etc - Competitive Funding

Recommendations

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

1. Efficient management of research processes - innovation by improvement of the quality of human capital and principles of professional ethics

2. Implementation of innovative technologies, which are fundamental for increasing the competitiveness of Moldova 3. Synergy between research and education 4. Internationalization of research, integration into the European Research Area and increase of international visibility

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