Expansion in Texas. Americans Settle in the Southwest Very few Mexicans lived in the area of Texas...

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Expansion in Texas Expansion in Texas

Transcript of Expansion in Texas. Americans Settle in the Southwest Very few Mexicans lived in the area of Texas...

Expansion in TexasExpansion in Texas

Americans Settle in the Americans Settle in the SouthwestSouthwest Very few Mexicans lived in the area of Texas despite its:

Natural resources Climate good for agriculture

Mexicans were intimidated by Native Americans in the area Most residents of Texas were Tejanos

Texans of Hispanic descent Mexican government was indifferent of problems in Texas

Too Far away

Americans Settle in the SouthwestAmericans Settle in the Southwest Mexico encourages U.S. Settlers to settle in Texas

Protect territory from Native attacks Land Grants

Gift of public land to an individual or organization Given to empresarios (agents)

Empresarios would recruit Americans to settle on the land Land was cheap Just had to obey Mexican Laws Observe official religion Roman Catholic

Americans Settle in the SouthwestAmericans Settle in the Southwest Stephen Austin

Emparesario who established a colony between the Brazos and Colorado rivers

“No drunkard, no gambler, no profane swearer, and no idler”

1825 Austin issued 297 land grants “Old Three Hundred Washington – on – the - Brazos

Americans love Texas Immigration to Texas jumped Start to think about extending U.S. Boarders

Texas Begins to FightTexas Begins to Fight Tensions between Mexicans and U.S.

Emigrants U.S. Emigrants were Protestants Spoke English Brought Slaves (Mexico had banned

slavery)

United States had offered, twice, to buy Texas from Mexico They refused John Q. Adams & Jackson

Texas Begins to FightTexas Begins to Fight 1830 the Mexican government sealed its borders

Heavy tax on American goods Stopped all immigration from the United States Encouraged the immigration of Mexican and European

Families 1830-1834 Anglo population doubled

1,000 Anglos a month “G.T.T”

1835 3,500 Tejanos -12,00 Native Americans - 45,000 Anglos and 5,000 African Americans

Texas Begins to Fight 1833 Settlers chose Stephen

Austin to negotiate with Mexican Government Self-government for Texas Remove immigration ban Remove trade ban on United States

Austin met with Mexican President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Agrees to lift trade ban

Texas Begins to Fight Austin writes to leaders back in Texas

Better start organizing own government

Asks Santa Anna again Will not budge

Austin returns home Arrested on January 3, 1834 Letter had been intercepted Imprisoned in Mexico City for treason

Santa Anna overthrows gov. makes himself dictator

Battle of GonzalesBattle of Gonzales In October 1835, Mexican troops ordered Texans to lay down

their arms Gonzales, Texas “Come and Take It”

Mexicans retreated No orders to attack Go back to San Antonio Texans follow Texans drive the Mexicans out

Texas declares independence Start drafting a constitution Most of the Texan army goes home

The Battle of the AlamoThe Battle of the Alamo Who should take over the Texan army?

Sam Houston is chosen Let out of jail a few months earlier

Santa Anna organizes a force of 6,000 troops Try to stop Texas from drafting a constitution

Came across 180 Texans holed up in the Alamo Abandoned Catholic Mission

Mexicans start attack and the battle ensues for 13 days! Starts on February 23rd, 1836

The Battle of the AlamoThe Battle of the Alamo- March 6, 1836 Mexican cannon fire smashed the walls and the Mexicans launched an all out attack

- About 99% of the Texan troops were killed only a few women and children survived

The Lone Star Republic 6 weeks after the defeat at the Alamo Texans

struck back Defeated Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto

“Remember the Alamo” 630 Mexican soldiers killed in 20 minutes Captured Santa Anna

Wouldn’t let him go until he signed the Treaty of Velasco Granted independence to Texas

The Lone Star Republic Sam Houston became president of the Republic of

Texas “Lone Star Republic” Set up an army and a navy

1838 Houston invited the United States to annex Texas Incorporate a territory into an existing political unit U.S. is split between North & South on adding Texas

North feared unequal balance in congress & war with Mexico

South wanted to extend slavery

Election of 1844 James K. Polk- Democrat

Wanted to Annex Texas & Oregon Territory Vowed to buy California from the Mexicans Expanded the country Keeping the balance of Northern & Southern States

Henry Clay- Whig Realized that he would loose Changed his stance to

support annexation Angered his supporters who threw their vote to a 3rd

party candidate