Executive summary OCCUTRON

Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Softwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

Executive summary OCCUTRON Promo :Ocular Nutrients & antioxidants for damaging retina (macula) Introduction A combinatorial approach to arrest and improve changes in Macula due to different etiology termed as Acute Macular Degeneration AMD /ARMD. Acute Macular Degeneration (AMD) / Age Related Eye Disease (ARED) / Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD): As the name suggests AMD is disease of eye related to the wear and tear of Macula (Part of retina) which is characterized by deterioration and disturbances in sharp clear vision.

(For further details see AMD in subsequent pages) Vision abnormalities, decrease in macular pigmentation, oxidation and genetic predisposition are the key factors responsible in developing this assault. (For further details see etiology/ Risk factors in subsequent pages)

Occutron and AMD: Role of Antioxidant vitamins, phytonutrients and minerals is well established in managing different ailments Occutron is a potent anti oxidant composition having vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients from natural sources To effectively and sufficiently use phytonutrients, vitamins and minerals having a definite role in protecting and benefiting ocular functions. Occutron may be termed as an Ideal Ocular supplement having additional benefit of being economical as well.


The composition of Occutron is as follows: Natural Mixed carotenoids Alpha and beta Bionutrix specs* …………….20 mg Natural Vitamin C anti oxidant Blend Bionutrix specs**……………………100 – 500 mg Natural Vitamin E anti oxidant blend mixed tocopherols Bionutrix specs*** …10-20 mg Zinc calcinied Bionutrix specs **** ………………………………………...15 mg Selenium …………………………………………………………... 50 mcg Lutein extract ……………………………………………………………10 mg Zeaxanthin ……………………………………………………………….2 mg Ginko Biloba extract…………………………………………………….30-50 mg Chemelia sinensis extract ……………………………………………….50 mg Bilberry extract 30-50 mg ** Natural Combine carotenoids Alpha and beta : A Natural blend of combine carotenois having potent antioxidant properties reducing damage by free radicals.

** Natural Vitamin C antioxidant: A blend of naturally available ascorbic acids mixed with natural stabilizing antioxidants to increase the potency of and stability of vitamin C. Natural Vitamin E anti oxidant blend mixed tocopherols: Natural blend of mixed tocopherols having potent anti oxidant action *** Mixed tocopherols Having potent antioxidant & neuro-protective activity *** Calcinied Nano particle size zinc oxide


Pharmacology: As a combinatorial formulation Occutron has diversified effects by virtue of its active ingredients. 1 Macular Pigment Density enhancer. 2 Potent Retinal Antioxidant. 3 Ocular flow enhancement & retinal Function recovery after ischemic insult. 4 Occular function enhancer Macular Pigment Density enhancer: Lutein and zeaxanthin are the only carotenoids in the macular region of the retina (referred to as macular pigment [MP]). Supplementation with Lutein and zeaxanthin can increase MP density. There is well documented role of relationship between increase MP density and lower Macular degeneration.

Zeaxanthin

Lutein

The macular region of the primate retina is yellow in color due to the presence of the macular pigment, composed of two dietary xanthophylls, lutein and zeaxanthin, and another xanthophyll, meso-zeaxanthin. The latter is presumably formed from either lutein or zeaxanthin in the retina. By absorbing blue-light, these macular pigment protects the underlying photoreceptor cell layer from light damage, possibly initiated by the formation of reactive oxygen species during a photosensitized reaction. There is ample epidemiological evidence that the amount of macular pigment is inversely associated


with the incidence of age-related macular degeneration, an irreversible process that is the major cause of blindness in the elderly. The macular pigment can be increased in primates by either increasing the intake of foods that are rich in lutein and zeaxanthin, such as dark-green leafy vegetables, or by supplementation with lutein or zeaxanthin.

For further details see section “Role of Lutein & zeaxanthin in eye health”. “Macular Density and AMD”

Carotenoids: Vitamin A starts out as beta-carotene, one of the family of plant chemicals known as carotenoids Beta-carotene is also one of the anti-oxidants which acts as a free-radical scavenger, helping to eliminate damaged cells within our bodiesIn the eye, beta-carotene is converted to the aldehyde form of vitamin A called retinaldehyde (or retinal for short). It becomes bound to a protein called opsin. This combined m olecule resides in the rods and cones, the photoreceptors of the retina which lines the back of the eye. When light strikes a photoreceptor, the retinaldehyde is converted from the -cis isomer form to the -trans form. This initiates a transient excitation of electrical energy which travels along the optic nerve. The electrical signal ultimately reaches the occipital cortex in the brain. The electrical information is processed into what we perceive as vision. Meanwhile, back at the photoreceptor, the split apart retinal-opsin is being rejoined and is ready for another photon of light to start the same process all over again! As long as adequate amounts of beta-carotene are available in the retina, the photoreceptors are ready to fire off electrical in formation to the brain. People with vitamin A deficiency experience night blindness, or more commonly, poor adaptation to vision in low light situations. As the depletion of beta carotene increases, the quality of vision decreases. In extreme cases this results in blindness. For further details see section “Carotenoids and eye”


Potent Retinal Antioxidant: Occutron Exhibits itself as a potent Antioxidant (Free Radicals Scavenger) by virtue of its individual Anti oxidant constituents. It has one of the most potent antioxidant active ingredients having a definite role in alleviating oxidative stress in oxidation sensitive RPE. Antioxidant mechanism of Action: Oxidative stress is a broad, well-understood platform for degenerative diseases and the aging process. Along with ocular diseases, it contributes to many other serious diseases including diabetes, cancer, inflammatory diseases, cardio disease, neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune disease. More specifically, this critical disease process plays a role in conditions such as HIV, chronic fatigue syndrome, hepatitis, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and several blinding diseases such as cataracts, dry AMD and glaucoma. The retina is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress because of its high consumption of oxygen, its high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and its exposure to visible light. Oxidative stress, which refers to cellular damage caused by reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), has been implicated in many disease processes, especially age-related disorders. ROIs include free radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and singlet oxygen, and they are often the by products of oxygen metabolism.

Oxidative stress occurs when the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a system exceeds the system’s ability to neutralize and eliminate them. ROS are caused when free radicals (a cluster of atoms, one of which contains an unpaired electron) create an unstable configuration and react with other key organic substrates such as lipids,


proteins and DNA. Oxidation of these biomolecules disturbs normal cell function, which is the basis for the oxidative stress disease cascade.

Oxidative stress thus leads to tissue injury and dysfunction and can even lead to apoptosis (cell death). In several degenerative ocular diseases, Iron and Calcium are implicated in the development of vision problems.

It is understood now that the nNOS and COX-2 levels were increased as a result of ischemic insults to retinal PE, But these increases were inhibited by Lutein. For further details see section “oxidation and eye”

Therefore improving ant oxidative profile of retinal Pigmented epithelia (RPI) to combat or exceed oxidative stress is important in managing AMD. Following is a brief anti oxidative profile of ingredients present within the formulation: For further details see section “Occutron as Ocular Antioxidant”

Lutein and zeaxanthin as antioxidants These xanthophylls have an indirect protective effect on macular degeneration by protecting macula from oxidative damage by absorbing blue light & ROIs. However resent studies have shown that Lutein & zeaxanthin also improve ant oxidative profile of PRE(Pigmented Reticular Epithelium) by suppressing The nNOS and COX-2 expression levels were increased early in ischemic control retinas, but these increases were inhibited by Lutein. In addition, the inhibitory effect of Lutein was observed to be dose dependent. Further, ischemia-induced cell death was inhibited by lutein. For further details see section “Occutron as Ocular Antioxidant”

Vitamins C. Studies suggest that high levels of vitamin C can reduce the risk of cataracts, which are caused by a buildup of protein that results in cloudy vision. Antioxidant vitamins C and E may also play a role in delaying age-related macular degeneration, which currently has no cure.

As if potential cataracts or macular degeneration weren't reason enough to make sure you get your vitamin C, it may also prevent and alleviate glaucoma. Studies have shown it to reduce pressure in the eyes of glaucoma patients.


http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/cataracts.htm

http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/amd.htm



http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/glaucoma.htm

In one study with catalase pretreatment, ascorbic acid in relatively high concentration provided protection against oxidative injury of t-butylhydroperoxide.

For further details see section “Occutron as Ocular Antioxidant”

Vitamin E: In Nature 8 Substances have found to have Vtamin E Activity α β ∞λ γ δ tocopherols , α β ∞λ γ tocotrienols. α -Tocopherol has been reported to protect against retinal photo-toxicity and against ischemic injury of CNS. It also appeared to protect against cataract formation and progression. α- tocotrienols possess powerful neuroprotective activity.It also found to prevent neurodegenaration.It increase neuronal resistance to glutamate and homocysteine induced toxicity. Among vitamin E analogs α- tocotrienols posses mostpotent neuroprotective activity. this vitamin has a well reputed and documented role as an antioxidant and has been shown to protect retinal cells from oxidative damage as well retinal phtotoxicity. For further details see section “Occutron as Ocular Antioxidant”

Zinc : Zinc is one of the most extensively investigated and best understood of the metabolically important trace mineral micronutrients. Zinc is a necessary micronutrient, usually abundant in human RPE and is required in adequate amounts to maintain various functions of RPE

Antioxidant Enzymes and zinc

Adequate intracellular zinc was required for maximal activity of some enzymes. The antioxidants metallothionein, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase have varying degree of dependence with zinc for their antioxidative roles in RPE .

In one study Superoxide dismutase activity is increased by zinc in response to oxidative stresses. Results show RPE cells cultured in zinc-reduced medium are more susceptible to oxidative insult.

For further details see section “Occutron as Ocular Antioxidant”


Gingko biloba : It has a well documented and reputed effects as an antioxidant as well as Vasodilator with positive effects on vasodilatation and known for its cardio protective effects in coronary artery disease. Its antioxidant potential is comparable to water soluble (ascorbic acids) as well as oil soluble (vitamin E) antioxidants. GBE preserves mitochondrial metabolism, ATP production and alters the oxidative environment by partially preventing the mitochondrial oxidative damage. It scavenges nitric oxide and inhibits its production. For further details see section “Occutron as Ocular Antioxidant”

Chemelia sinensis extract : Polyphenol EGC-3-gallate from possess the most potent antioxidant activity of the catechins. Polyphenol EGC-3-gallate may provide health effects by protecting our cells from oxidative damage from free radicals. A number of chronic disease have been associated with free radical damage, including cancer, arteriosclerosis, heart diseases and accelerated aging. Polyphenol EGC-3-gallate interferes with many enzyme systems: it inhibits fast-binding and reversible fatty acid synthase, increases tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, activation of ornithine decarboxylase. Polyphenol EGC-3-gallate can protect the DNA in the human cells from ultraviolet and visible radiation-induced damage. Being one of very important Bioflavonoid it has a very well documented role as antioxidant in retinal epithelial cells and protect the retina by oxidation induce damage to the eye.They reduce mitochondrial damage during ischemia reperfusion injury. They are also a potent scavenger of NO and free radicals For further details see section “Occutron as Ocular Antioxidant”

Ocular flow enhancement & retinal function recovery after ischemic insult: Retinal artery occlusion (retinal stasis) is another major pathological event leading to free radicals generating ischemic reperfusion injury. Flavanoids from GBE (Gingko Biloba extract) have found to improve ocular blood flow in and retinal capillary blood flow as well. There are well documented evidences that Flavanoids may improve ocular blood flow and improve stasis imparting a favourable effect on retina there by alleviating ischemic reperfusion injury.


Occular function enhancer In addition to their anti-oxidant properties, anthocyanins From bilberry Stimulate the production of a substance called "rhodopsine", helping night vision by improving capillary circulation. Anthocyanins may assist the blood circulation In the capillary blood vessels and prevent the Shortened refraction linked to eyestrain Gingko Biloba Flavones has been found to improve automated visual field indices For further details see section “Ocular performance and Occutron”

Dosage: 1-2 capsules daily or as prescribed by physician Other possible functions and benefits Myocardial antioxidant: this formulation may have favorable effect on improving antioxidant profile of whole body but especially with respect to heart where it may protect myocardium from oxidative stress induced myocardial injury and improves myocardial blood flow. Cerebral effects: It may prove to be a potent antioxidant for brain (due to high oxidative environment as a result of high lipid contents) and may improve cerebral blood flow as well. For further details see section “Other Benefits occutron”

Adverse effects and precautions: Due to the presence of beta carotenes in this formulation smokers may take this medicine with caution preferably with consultation of health care professional. Children: It’s a safe formulation and may be given to children above 8-10 yrs


Contraindications (if any), in case of this formulation none. Additional Recommendations if any References on file “Product monograph Occutron” Bionutrix Inc


Executive summary OCCUTRON

Documents

Transcript of Executive summary OCCUTRON