Excuvation control - Shaping your rock mass using energy distribution - Simon
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Transcript of Excuvation control - Shaping your rock mass using energy distribution - Simon
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Excavation control - Shaping your rock mass using energy distributionSeptember 2014
WealthUnearthed
Simon Tose – Global Mining Optimisation Manager
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Underground Massive Mining- Shaping your rock mass using energy distribution
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30m 63L
61L15m
Underground Massive Mining- Undercut
u Total meters : 87m
u Longest hole : 12m
u Tons : 488 tons
AVERAGE PER RING
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30m
63L
61L
Underground Massive Mining- Trough
u Total meters : 1 337m
u Longest hole : 22m
u Tons : 6 890 tons
TOTAL TROUGH
7 Rings
FRONT SIDE
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Ring Drive
Underground Massive Mining- Shaping your fragmentation using electronic energy
Comparison of the fragmentation resultsfrom the use of
Electronic detonatorsand
Shock tube initiating systems
under similar mining conditionsFragBlast7 2002
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Ring Drive
Underground Massive Mining- Shaping your fragmentation using electronic energy
Comparison of the fragmentation resultsfrom the use of
Electronic detonatorsand
Shock tube initiating systems
under similar mining conditionsFragBlast7 2002
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Ring DriveRing DriveRing DriveRing Drive
DrillingDrillingDrillingDrilling
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Hole No. PlannedHole
Length
RequiredChargeLength
RequiredCharge Mass
Timing
1 29.7 27.2 169.2
2 32.2 11.4 70.9
3 35.0 20.1 125.1
4 38.0 13.3 82.8
5 41.1 38.6 240.2
6 39.7 14.2 88.4
7 37.8 23.6 146.8
8 36.2 12 74.7
9 35.0 32.3 201.0
10 34.2 11.5 71.6
11 33.7 20 124.4
12 33.7 11.2 69.7
13 34.2 31.5 196.0
14 35.0 11.8 73.4
15 36.1 30.7 191.0
16 Left 200
17 Left 225
18 Right 200
19 Right 225
Ring Design
• Additional holes added to original design– To remove cone pillars and cater for possible oversized rocks as result of any pit sidewall failure
– Charged 2 m, 12.4 kg
0
0
00
25
25
2525
50
50
5050
75
75
75
75100
100
100
100
125
125
125
125
150
150
150
150
175
175
• Anfex (ANFO) prime explosive• 3.0 m burden between rings• Timing between holes 25 ms
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BlastingBlastingBlastingBlasting
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DrawpointDrawpointDrawpointDrawpoint
LoadingLoadingLoadingLoading
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RepeatRepeatRepeatRepeat
DrillingDrillingDrillingDrilling
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Electronics- Shaping your fragmentation
• Loading improvement, measured whilst capturing images (+10%)
• Looser muckpile / more uniform / less oversize rock
• Reduction in secondary blasting at tips (None)
• Improved perimeter and reduced overbreak observed
• Shocktube indicated 50% less tonnage at drawpoint
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Excavation control- Understanding fragmentation
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Management of fragmentation within software
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Selection of hole diameter
Mass of explosive per metre of blasthole
Burden and spacing
Flexibility
Charging of up holes
Ground vibration
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“Back to Basics”
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“Best practises”
Minimum Toe spacing = 3.6m
Burden of 2.0m
To minimise potential pillar formation
Open stope
Crown Section
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Ring Drilling and Blasting
• Retention of explosives in large diameter up-holes
• “Sticky product”
• Understanding collar positions to avoid cut-offs
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AEL Ring
(2011)
SOFTWARE
Ring 2000
(1997)
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Powder factor vs. Block height- “Best practise”
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Burden vs. Spacing, powder factor, size of circle- “Best practise”
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Ring Design & Software 2014
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Down ring
Complete ring
Up ring
Side ring
Ring Drilling
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Highlighting inadequate charge density
Computer generated charging pattern Charge density inadequate on left side
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Explosive energy Distribution
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Blast firing simulation
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Where did the bang go??
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Timing
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Plan view of Toe – Timing
Void
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Factors that influence the design of ring drilling and blasting
Basic mine layout
Selection of hole diameter
Selection of explosives
Determination of drilling pattern
Charging of holes
Initiation
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Trough Rings- Improving safety & productivity
• Development of Draw levels
• Sequence
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Trough rings- Improving safety & productivity
HOLE NR
1
2
TROUGH LAYOUT WITH RAISE BORE HOLE & RINGS
3 3 5500 MS 3 3
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
1
2
1 1
2 2
RING RING
R 1 R 7
RINGS
3
4
5 5 5 5 5
RING RING RING RING
R 6R 5R 4R 3R 2
RING
2.0 m2.0 m2.0 m 2.0 m 1.5 m 1.5 m
7
9
8
7
16 16 16 16
7
14 6500 MS
11
11
16 16 16
6 6 6
14
13 13
9
10 9
13
10
14
5500 MS
12
9
11
5006000 MS
9
11 10
14
1500 MS
2000 MS 0 MS
8 8
2500 MS 500 MS
2000 MS
0 MS 1500 MS
880 MS 0 MS0 MS
1000 MS
3000 MS8 8
77 7
1500 MS
2500 MS
3500 MS
4500 MS
7500 MS
7500 MS
3500 MS
4500 MS
5500 MS
6500 MS
7500 MS
7500 MS
4 4
36500 MS
7500 MS
9500 MS
5600 MS
8500 MS
7000 MS
6500 MS
1000 MS
2500 MS
4500 MS 4
3500MS
6
5
4000 ms4
7500 MS
7500 MS
7000 MS
6000 MS
14
7500 MS
7500 MS
5000 MS
4000 MS
14
13
15 15
134500 MS
5000 MS
4000 MS
3000 MS
3000 MS
2000 MS
1000 MS
12 12
10 10
11 11
3000 MS
1500 MS
4000 MS
8500 MS
7500 MS
0 MS
3500 MS
9000 MS
8000 MS
6000 MS
14
13
12
2000 MS
15 15
9000 MS 7500 MS 7500 MS
7500 MS
7000 MS
6000 MS
5000 MS
9500 MS 7500 MS 7500 MS
7500 MS7000 MS 7500 MS151515
5000 MS 4000 MS
3000 MS 3000 MS
12
6500 MS
5500 MS
4500MS
4 4
8000 MS 7500 MS
6000 MS 5000 MS
4500 MS
3500 MS
2500 MS
111000 MS 1500 MS
10 10
9
5
3
0 MS
2000MS
1000MS
6 64000 MS
3000 MS
61500 MS 2000 MS
5000 MS
4000 MS
5000 MS
2000 MS
13
7
9
2500 MS2500 MS12 12
5500 MS
3500 MS
RAISE BORE HOLE
WEST
HIGHER NUMBER
EAST
WEST
LOWER NUMBER
EAST
RAISE BORE HOLE
First holes to be Blasted on Trough
Second holes to be Blasted on Trough
Seconded holes to be Blast on Trough
Last holes to be Blasted on Trough
will be ring 1,2,6,&7
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Shaft design
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Smoothwall blasting solutions
Design to drilling
Latest design software
Drilling/Charging
Integrate technology - Software
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Barrels & minimum overbreak
Smoothwall
Decoupled charge Design and Guidelines
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Timing – Meeting geological conditions/support and Advance requirements
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Simulation
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Timing in 3D what does it look like
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Excavation control - Shaping your rock mass using energy distributionSeptember 2014
Thank You