Excretory & Digestive SystemsExcretory & Digestive Systems

Excretory SystemExcretory System

Homeostatic role of Homeostatic role of the kidneys in the the kidneys in the removal of removal of nitrogenous wastes nitrogenous wastes and the role of the and the role of the liver in blood liver in blood detoxification.detoxification.

What organs compose What organs compose the excretory system?the excretory system?

VocabularyVocabulary

KidneyKidney UreterUreter Urinary bladderUrinary bladder NephronNephron FiltrationFiltration ReabsorptionReabsorption

Functions of the excretory systemFunctions of the excretory system

Every cell produces waste products.Every cell produces waste products. Excess salts, carbon dioxide, and Excess salts, carbon dioxide, and

_____._____. Urea is a toxic compound which is a Urea is a toxic compound which is a

waste product of amino acid waste product of amino acid breakdown.breakdown.

Skin secretes _______, lungs Skin secretes _______, lungs release______, & the liver breaks release______, & the liver breaks down amino acid waste by down amino acid waste by converting to Urea.converting to Urea.

KidneysKidneys Kidneys maintain Kidneys maintain

homeostasis by homeostasis by removing waste removing waste products from ______.products from ______.

Maintain _____ in the Maintain _____ in the blood.blood.

Regulate the water Regulate the water content in blood.content in blood.

Regulate blood ______.Regulate blood ______. Controls blood Controls blood

pressure.pressure.

KidneysKidneys

Located in the low back on Located in the low back on either side of the spine.either side of the spine.

The ureter leaves the The ureter leaves the kidneys and empties into kidneys and empties into the ________.the ________.

Blood enters the kidney Blood enters the kidney with waste products, gets with waste products, gets filtered and leaves the filtered and leaves the kidney through the renal kidney through the renal vein. vein.

NephronsNephrons

Units which make up Units which make up the kidney.the kidney.

Blood enters the Blood enters the nephron through an nephron through an arteriole, impurities arteriole, impurities are filtered out and are filtered out and emptied into a emptied into a collecting duct. collecting duct.

See figure 38-17(pg. See figure 38-17(pg. 986)986)

Online resourcesOnline resources

UNC Kidney CenterUNC Kidney Center Excretory SystemExcretory System Kidney Trading StoryKidney Trading Story

Digestive SystemDigestive System

Individual functions Individual functions and sites of and sites of secretions of secretions of digestive enzymes, digestive enzymes, stomach acids & stomach acids & bile salts.bile salts.

VocabularyVocabulary

LiverLiver Villus Villus Large intestineLarge intestine UrethraUrethra AmylaseAmylase EsophagusEsophagus PeristalsisPeristalsis StomachStomach ChymeChyme PancreasPancreas Small intestineSmall intestine

DigestionDigestion

Begins in the mouth: Begins in the mouth: ______ glands ______ glands secrete enzymes secrete enzymes which begin to which begin to breakdown food. breakdown food.

An average person An average person eats 20 tons of food in eats 20 tons of food in a lifetime.a lifetime.

GI tract is 26-30 feet GI tract is 26-30 feet long.long.

StomachStomach

Food travels down Food travels down the esophagus to the esophagus to the stomach. the stomach.

Pepsin and _____ Pepsin and _____ are secreted to are secreted to break down food break down food further.further.

Peristalsis moves Peristalsis moves food through the food through the system.system.

Pancreas & LiverPancreas & Liver

Multifunctional organsMultifunctional organs Liver secretes enzymes Liver secretes enzymes

and bileand bile Pancreas secretes Pancreas secretes

digestive enzymes which digestive enzymes which breakdown breakdown macromolecules. macromolecules.

Gallbladder stores bile: Gallbladder stores bile: emulsifies fat.emulsifies fat.

Digestive onlineDigestive online

Small IntestineSmall Intestine

Most absorption of nutrients occurs here.Most absorption of nutrients occurs here.

VillusVillus