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Excretory & Circulatory SystemsBy: Ashton Caudle, Matt Evans, & Brooks Kern

+Hypertension & Nephrons•High blood pressure affects your kidneys by the extra force against the little arteries that interface with the tiny filtering units in the kidney. •Little filtering units = nephrons.•Nephrons are damaged by years of stress and over time their efficiency and function decrease

+Excretory System

Body system that separates and gives off the waste from the body, usually as urine or sweat.

Parts:•Kidneys•Ureter•Urethra•Urinary bladder•Liver•Skin •Lungs

Kidneys•Main organs•Keeps salt concentration balanced•Mass of tiny tubes•Each tube is a knot of capillaries

Ureter, Urethra, & Bladder•Ureter carries urine away from kidneys to bladder•Urethra carries urine from bladder to outside the body

Skin & Lungs•Skin excretes extra salts, water, and heat•Lungs exrete carbon dioxide from the body

Liver•Changes ammonia (poisonous product of protein digestion) into urine

+The Nephron•Basic structural and functional unit of the kidney•Chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed, and excreting the rest•Regulates blood volume, pH and pressure•Its functions are vital to life

+Circulatory System

Parts:Heart Blood Blood

Vessels

Transportation system by which oxygen and nutrients reach the body’s cells and waste materials are carried away. It also carries hormones, which control body processes and antibodies to fight invading germs.

Pumps blood throughout the entire body

Arteries-carries blood AWAY from heartVeins-carries blood TO heart

Carries nutrients, water, and waste products to and from the body

+Blood Vessels Arteries-main = aorta (divides and branches)

Veins-Receive blood from capillaries-Transport waste and oxygen poor blood back to lungs and heart-Allow blood to move in one direction

Capillaries-Very thin (only one cell thick)-Connects arteries and veins-Food and oxygen released into body cells-CO2 and other waste products returned to blood stream

+Interactions

Circulatory sends blood through kidneys and other excretory organs to be filtered

Organs remove toxins and other waste substances

The circulatory system provides the excretory system with blood to be cleaned.

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+Hypertension-Also known as high blood pressureSymptoms:•Headache•Dizziness•Shortness of breath•Blurred vision

Causes:•Consuming too much salt•Drinking too much alcohol•Not eating enough potassium•Not exercising•Taking certain medicines•Stress that is long lasting

Higher risks:•Overweight•Man over 45•Woman over 55•Family history•Pre-hypertension•Have heart disease, diabetes, high cholesterol, previous strokes, kidney damage, damage to retina, and damage to blood vessels

Treatment:•Adopt a healthier life style•If condition persists, certain medicines can be taken