Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which statement is incorrect? 1) _______

A) The key to the scientific method is valid assumptions.

B) A hypothesis is a tentative explanation of a natural law.

C) A pattern of thinking is known as a paradigm.

D) Induction is to infer a set of naturals laws from a set of observations.

E) Natural laws are concise statements about natural phenomena.

2) A model which explains and makes predictions about natural phenomena is referred to as a: 2) _______

A) generalization

B) deduction

C) natural law

D) theory

E) hypothesis

3) Which of the following is a physical property? 3) _______

A) ozone reacts with silver to give silver oxide

B) platinum metal does not react with hydrochloric acid

C) sulfur burns in oxygen to form sulfur trioxide

D) the density of lead

4) The scientific method involves:

I) observations

II) generalizations

III) experiments

IV) deduction

V) induction

4) _______

A) I, III, IV

B) I, III, V

C) I, II, III, V

D) I, II, III

E) I, II, III, IV

5) Choose the INCORRECT statement. 5) _______

A) A natural law is a generalization of natural phenomena.

B) A hypothesis is a conclusion that must follow logically from observations of nature.

C) An experiment is a test of conclusions about natural law.

D) The scientific method is the combination of observations, experimentation, and the

formulation of laws, hypothesis and theories.

E) A theory is a model of nature that can be used to describe natural phenomena.

6) A physical property is: 6) _______

A) a substance comprised of a single type of atom

B) a property the sample displays without changing composition

C) always visible

D) a property the sample displays that results in a change in composition

E) the ability of a sample to undergo change

7) A chemical change always involves a change in:

I) appearance

II) state

III) composition

IV) temperature

7) _______

A) I and II

B) II and IV

C) I, II, IV

D) III only

E) all of the above

8) Which of the following is a chemical property of gold? 8) _______

A) is a good conductor of heat B) is a good conductor of electricity

C) is malleable D) does not react with hydrochloric acid

9) Which of the following are properties of table sugar?

I) white crystalline solid

II) water soluble

III) sweet taste

IV) forms a homogenous solution with water

V) causes a water solution to taste sweet

9) _______

A) I, II, III, IV

B) I, II, III

C) I, III, IV

D) II, IV, V

E) all of the above

10) Which of the following is a physical change? 10) ______

A) the reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid

B) the freezing of water to form ice

C) the inability of gold to react with water

D) the burning of paper

E) the mixing of salt and water

11) Oxygen is: 11) ______

A) an element

B) a mixture

C) a compound

D) a solution

E) always combined with hydrogen

12) Sulfur dioxide gas is: 12) ______

A) a heterogeneous mixture

B) a homogeneous mixture

C) a solid at room temperature

D) a compound

E) an element

13) Sulfuric acid is: 13) ______

A) a heterogeneous mixture

B) a compound

C) an atom

D) a homogeneous mixture

E) an element

14) Electricity is: 14) ______

A) an element

B) a compound

C) a mixture

D) an atom

E) none of these

15) Choose the INCORRECT statement. 15) ______

A) An element is a substance made of one type of atom.

B) Homogeneous mixtures are solutions.

C) Elements and compounds are substances.

D) Matter is made of tiny units called atoms.

E) A compound contains regions which are unlike other regions of the compound.

16) Which of the following are forms of matter?

I) Hydrogen gas

II) sunlight

III) ice

IV) wind

V) iron

16) ______

A) III and V

B) I, III and V

C) II and IV

D) I and V

E) all of the above

17) Which one of the following would be classified as a heterogeneous mixture? 17) ______

A) brass

B) coke

C) copper nitrate solution

D) air

E) salt water

18) Which of the following is a chemical change? 18) ______

A) hammering zinc into a thin film

B) the freezing of water to form ice

C) the inability of gold to react with water

D) the boiling of water to form steam

E) the reaction of chlorine gas and sodium to form salt

19) From ammonia gas, one can obtain two different gases, each of which is a pure substance. Using

only this information, it can be said with certainty that:

19) ______

A) one of the products is an element

B) neither of the products can be an element

C) ammonia cannot be an element

D) both products are elements

E) gases do not produce solids

20) Which of the following is a compound? 20) ______

A) oxygen

B) water

C) salad dressing

D) heat

E) nitrogen

21) The content of a container filled with sand and water would best be described as: 21) ______

A) elements

B) a heterogeneous mixture

C) a homogeneous mixture

D) a solution

E) a compound

22) Water is: 22) ______

A) a mixture

B) a molecule

C) a compound

D) an atom

E) an element

23) Saltwater is: 23) ______

A) an element

B) a molecule

C) an atom

D) a mixture

E) only one compound

24) All of the following are SI base units except 24) ______

A) second. B) gram. C) kelvin. D) meter.

25) Which of the following does NOT represent a derived unit in the SI system of measurements? 25) ______

A) liter B) m/s C) kg D) m2 E) g/cm3

26) The quantity of matter in an object is the object's ________ and is measured on a ________. 26) ______

A) weight, scale

B) mass, scale

C) mass, balance

D) weight, balance

E) Any of the above since the terms are interchangeable.

27) One inch is equal to: 27) ______

A) 1.09 m

B) 100 cm

C) 2.54 m

D) 2.54 cm

E) 1/(2.54) cm

28) The prefix "milli" and the prefix "micro" correspond, respectively, to the factors 28) ______

A) 10-3 and 10-6. B) 10-3 and 10-12.

C) 10-6 and 10-9. D) 10-1 and 10-6.

29) Which of the following is longest? 29) ______

A) 300 pm B) 3.0 x 10-10 cm C) 3.0 x 10-4 m D) 3.0 nm

30) If gasoline costs 98.5 cents per liter in Canada, what is the price in dollars per gallon? 30) ______

A) $1.04 B) $4.16 C) $3.73 D) $3.94

31) In Europe, the volume of soda is given in cL. How many mL are contained in a can of soda

labeled "75 cL"?

31) ______

A) 75 B) 750 C) 7500 D) 7.5

32) The SI system is:

I) an abbreviation for Syst me Internationale d' Unit s"

II) a decimal system.

III) built on seven fundamental quantities.

IV) also referred to as the metric system.

32) ______

A) I, III, IV

B) I and IV

C) I, II, III

D) II and IV

E) all of the above

33) Which of the following is the proper set of conversion factors for changing lb/in2 to Pascals.

(Hint: A pascal is a unit of force equal to 1 N/m2)

33) ______

A) (1 lb/4.45 N)(1 m2/1550 in2)

B) (4.45 N/1 lb)(1 m2/1550 in2)

C) (4.45 N/1 lb)(1550 in2/1 m2)

D) (1 lb/4.45 N)(1550 in2/1 m2)

E) (1 lb/4.45 N)

34) Without doing a calculation explain which of the following represents a higher temperature. 34) ______

A) 0 °F B) 20 °F C) 0 K D) 0 °C E) 270 °K

35) One centimeter is equal to: 35) ______

A) 2.54 inches

B) 1.09 yards

C) .0109 yards

D) .30 ft

E) none of these

36) If the density of aviation fuel is 1.77 lb/L, how many liters must be added to a tank to give 16,131

kg?

36) ______

A) 1.61 x 104 B) 1.30 x 103 C) 2.01 x 104 D) 9.11 x 103

37) All of the following are intensive properties of a substance except 37) ______

A) mass. B) color. C) melting point. D) solubility.

38) A substance occupying a volume of 15.6 cm3 having a mass of 39.0 g would most likely be: 38) ______

A) a liquid

B) a solid

C) a gas

D) either solid or liquid

E) cannot be determined

39) Which of the following occupies the most volume? 39) ______

A) 1.36 kilograms of mercury (density = 13.6 g/mL)

B) 5.07 fluid ounces of water (32 fl oz = 1 qt)

C) 4.50 pounds of gold (density = 19.3 g/mL)

D) 200 milliliters of methanol

E) cannot be determined from the given information

40) 1.00 oz of gold (density = 19.3 g/ml) can be hammered into a sheet which would cover a

area. How thick would such a sheet be in centimeters?

40) ______

A) 1.58 × 10-5 cm

B) 4.82 × 10-4 cm

C)

2.11 × 10-5 cm

D) 4.02 × 10-5 cm

E) 6.33 × 104 cm

41) Which of the following defines or expresses the concept of accuracy? 41) ______

A) average of the data

B) closest value to the expected answer

C) difference between the accepted answer and the average value of the data

D) reproducibility of a measurement

E) deviation of the average

42) The following measurements were made by a group of students using the same balance and a

25.00 gram weight.

Trial Mass

1 23.96

2 24.01

3 23.98

4 23.97

The data would be considered

I) accurate and precise

II) accurate but not precise

III) precise but not accurate

IV) neither precise nor accurate

V) evidence of a systematic error

VI) evidence of large random errors

42) ______

A) I only B) II and VI C) III and V D) IV and VI E) IV, V, VI

43) A student measuring the density of a solution (d = 1.233 g/mol) reported the following results:

Which of the following is the best description of the student's data?

43) ______

A) precise, inaccurate

B) not precise, accurate

C) precise, but with a systematic error

D) not precise, inaccurate

E) precise, accurate

44) A student measuring the density of a solution (d = 1.233 g/mol) reported the following results:

Which of the following is the best description of the precision of the

student's data and the accuracy of the average?

44) ______

A) precise, inaccurate

B) not precise, accurate

C) precise, accurate

D) precise, but with a systematic error

E) not precise, inaccurate

45) A student measuring the density of a solution (d = 1.233 g/mol) reported the following results:

Which of the following is the best description of the student's data?

45) ______

A) precise, but with a systematic error

B) not precise, accurate

C) not precise, inaccurate

D) precise, accurate

E) precise, inaccurate

46) The definition of pH is pH = -log[H3O+], where H3O+ is the hydrogen ion concentration.

If [H3O+] = 1.2 x 10-5, the pH, expressed to the correct number of significant figures, is

46) ______

A) 5.08 B) 4.9 C) 4.92 D) 5.1

47) How many significant figures should the answer to the following calculation have?

(1.4312 - 1.1 x 10-2) ÷ (1.0712 x 10-4)

47) ______

A) 2 B) 5 C) 3 D) 4

48) One centimeter is equal to how many meters? 48) ______

A) 0.10 m B) 10 m C) 1000 m D) 100 m E) 0.01 m

49) During a winter blizzard the temperature was -20 °F. What temperature is this on the Centigrade

scale?

49) ______

A) -6.7 °C B) -22 °C C) -94 °C D) -20 °C E) -29 °C

50) Convert 1400 mm to inches. 50) ______

A) 360 in B) 5500 in C) 36 in D) 55 in E) 550 in

51) What is 21.1 cm/sec in furlongs/fortnight? 51) ______

A) 1.27 × 103

B) 1.26 × 103

C) 19.8

D) 19.82

E) 1.3 × 104

52) A sprinter runs exactly 200 meters in 19.98 seconds. How fast is that in miles per hour? 52) ______

A) 22.4 B) 10.0 C) 0.373 D) 22.39 E) 10.01

53) A track star ran exactly 400 meters in 45.23 seconds. How fast is that in miles per hour? 53) ______

A) 8.84 B) 19.8 C) 19.78 D) 0.3297 E) 8.844

54) What is 21.1 miles/hour in furlongs/fortnight? (8 furlongs = 1 mile; 14 days = 1 fortnight) 54) ______

A) 8.86 × 103

B) 8.862 × 103

C) 5.672 × 104

D) 0.502

E) 5.67 × 104

55) At what temperature will the numerical values of the Centigrade and Fahrenheit scales be the

same?

55) ______

A) -40° B) 80° C) 40 ° D) -273° E) 0°

56) Convert -41.0 °F to degrees Celsius. 56) ______

A) -57.6 °C B) -73.0 °C C) -40.6 °C D) -117 °C E) -9.0 °C

57) A field is 100.0 yd long and 50.0 yd wide. If covered with water to a uniform depth of 2.00 in,

what volume of water is present in gallons?

57) ______

A) 5.61 × 104 gal

B) 1.56 × 103 gal

C) 5.31 × 104 gal

D) 8.70 × 103 gal

E) 2.42 × 102 gal

58) The temperature in the core of the warp drive of the starship Enterprise is supposedly 3 million

(3.00 × 106) degrees Celcius. What is this in degrees Fahrenheit?

58) ______

A) 5.40 × 106 °F

B) 2.99 × 106 °F

C) 8.13 × 106 °F

D) 3.27 × 106 °F

E) 1.67 × 106 °F

59) A weatherman incorrectly stated that the temperature was 85 °F, 35 °C. If the Fahrenheit

temperature was correct, how far off was the Celsius temperature?

59) ______

A) 29 °C B) 31 °C C) 6 °C D) 3 °C E) 8 °C

60) Determine the number of cm2 in one in2. 60) ______

A) 39.7 B) 6.45 C) 64.5 D) 100 E) 8.95

61) Determine the number of cm3 in 21.0 qt. 61) ______

A) 5.548 B) 19900 C) 20.0 D) 0.0199 E) 10.0

62) Convert 35 ft/s to SI derived units. 62) ______

A) 1100 m/s B) 4.2 m/s C) 1.65 m/s D) 11 m/s E) 0.074 m/s

63) An elephant's bathtub is 8.0 feet long, 2.5 yards wide, and 70 inches deep. What is the capacity of

the elephant's bathtub in quarts?

63) ______

A) 3.4 × 104 qt

B) 9.3 × 103 qt

C) 1.1 × 104 qt

D) 34 qt

E) 2.2 × 104 qt

64) At what temperature does the Fahrenheit reading equal twice the Celsius temperature? 64) ______

A) 12 °C, 24 °F

B) -12 °C, -24 °F

C) 40 °C, 80 °F

D) 160 °C, 320 °F

E) -288 °C, -576 °F

65) Convert 21.8 in3 to liters. (2.54 cm = 1.00 in) 65) ______

A) 1.33 × 103 L

B) 8.58 L

C) .357 L

D) .0554 L

E) 8.58 × 103 L

66) Ethylene glycol has a density of 1.11 g/mL. What is the volume occupied by 30.0 g of ethylene

glycol?

66) ______

A) 31.1 ml B) 30.0 ml C) 0.037 ml D) 27.0 ml E) 33.3 ml

67) What is the mass of a 468 mL sample of ethanol? The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL. 67) ______

A) 739 g B) 468 g C) 369 g D) 593 g E) 234 g

68) Two hundred mL of solution has a mass of 198 g. What is the density of the solution? 68) ______

A) 1.98 g/mL

B) 1.01 g/mL

C) 99.0 g/mL

D) 0.990 g/mL

E) 3.98 g/mL

69) A 400 g sample of sucrose is to be produced by evaporating to dryness a solution containing

9.5% sucrose by mass. What volume of solution must be evaporated?

69) ______

A) 42 L B) 0.038 L C) 0.40 L D) 38 L E) 4.2 L

70) A 14-karat gold ring contains 58.3% gold and weighs 12.41 g. If gold sells for $308.00/ounce,

what is the value of the gold in the ring?

70) ______

A) $116 B) $58.90 C) $135 D) $78.50 E) $231

71) A briefcase 4.5 in × 22 in × 11 in is filled with gold, which has a density of 19.3 g/cm3 and costs

$308/oz. What is the dollar value of this gold?

71) ______

A) $2.81 × 106

B) $5.80 × 105

C) $1.56 × 103

D) $3.74 × 106

E) $1.00 × 104

72) A briefcase 4.5 in × 22 in × 11 in is filled with gold, which has a density of 19.3 g/cm3 and costs

$308/oz. What is the mass of this gold in kg?

72) ______

A) 345 kg B) 136 kg C) 53.5 kg D) 17.9 kg E) 460 kg

73) What mass, in g, of a solution containing 12% by mass sodium chloride is needed for a process

that requires 8 g of sodium chloride?

73) ______

A) 67 g B) 150 g C) 8 g D) 0.96 g E) 12 g

74) An antifreeze solution consists of 39.0% ethanol-61.0% water, by mass and has a density of 0.937

g/mL. What volume of ethanol, in L, is present in 1.0 kg of antifreeze?

74) ______

A) 0.39 L B) 0.94 L C) 0.42 L D) 0.37 L E) 0.65 L

75) A jewelry alloy has a density of 12.412 g/ml and is 75.0% gold by weight. If 522 g of gold are

available, what is the volume of this alloy which can be produced?

75) ______

A) 31.5 mL

B) 4.86 × 103 mL

C) 335 mL

D) 8.64 × 103 mL

E) 56.1 mL

76) What mass of sugar, in grams, would be obtained from the distillation of 1.5 kg of a sugar

solution which is 10.5% by mass?

76) ______

A) 0.1575 g B) 157.5 g C) 0.158 g D) 158.0 g E) 15.8 g

77) A solution of 34.5% sulfuric acid by weight in water has a density of 1.26 g/mL. How many

grams of sulfuric acid are needed to make 3.22 L of this solution?

77) ______

A) 1.40 × 105 g

B) 1.20 × 105 g

C) 135 g

D) 1.4 × 103 g

E) 882 g

78) A block of wood has dimensions of and has a mass of 3.0 kg. What is the

density of the wood?

78) ______

A) 0.071 g/mL

B) 0.71 g/mL

C) 1.4 g/mL

D) 1400 g/mL

E) cannot be determined

79) A 2.0 gal flask weighs 4.0 lbs when empty. When it is filled with liquid, the flask weighs 4536.0

g. What is the density of the liquid in g/mL? (1 gal = 3.785 L, 1 lb = 453.6 g)

79) ______

A) 0.14 g/mL

B) 0.071 g/mL

C) 0.72 g/mL

D) 0.60 g/mL

E) 0.36 g/mL

80) Calculate the density in g/cm3 of a 15 lb block of aluminum with a displacement volume of

0.6657 gal.

80) ______

A) 2.70 g/cm3

B) 11.47 g/cm3

C) 2.25 g/cm3

D) .371 g/cm3

E) 22.5 g/cm3

81) Two hundred thirty-seven pounds of ethanol with a density of 0.789 g/cm3 occupies what

volume in quarts?

81) ______

A) 108 qt B) 129 qt C) 144 qt D) 84.9 qt E) 136 qt

82) A 16.0 g sample of iron has a volume of 2.035 cm3. What is its density expressed to the correct

number of significant figures?

82) ______

A) 7.9 g/cm3

B) .127 g/cm3

C) 32.6 g/cm3

D) 7.86 g/cm3

E) 7.862 g/cm3

83) Perform the following calculation and express the result with the appropriate number of

significant figures:

83) ______

A) 477

B) 4.8 × 102

C) 4.80 × 102

D) 477.25

E) 477.3

84) What is the correct number of significant figures in the answer to the following multiplication:

1.022 × 0.0011.

84) ______

A) two

B) one

C) three

D) four

E) cannot be determined

85) Using the proper number of significant figures, how should the answer to the multiplication of

the measurements be written?

85) ______

A) 83.8

B) 83.81

C) 83.8148

D) 83.815

E) none of these

86) Calculate the length of a steel cable (density 7.91 g/cm3) with a mass of 160.0 g and cross-section

area of 0.500 cm2.

86) ______

A) 20.23 cm B) 20.2 cm C) 40.5 cm D) 10.1 cm E) 40.46 cm

87) Using the proper significant figures, how should the answer to the multiplication of the

measurements be written?

87) ______

A) 84 B) 83.8 C) 83.8148 D) 83.815 E) 83.81

88) A 15.0 g sample of hydrated copper sulfate was heated to dryness and the new mass measured

to be 9.59 g. Calculate the percentage of water in the hydrated crystal. Express your answer to

the correct number of significant digits.

88) ______

A) 63% B) 36% C) 36.1% D) 63.3% E) 45%

89) What is the answer to the correct number of significant figures of the following calculation?

89) ______

A) 2.30004 B) 2.3000 C) 2.3 D) 2.30011 E) 23.00

90) What is the answer to the correct number of significant figures of the following calculation?

90) ______

A) 7.6 B) 7.57 C) 7.578 D) 7.582 E) 7.58

91) What is the answer to the correct number of significant figures of the following calculation?

91) ______

A) 25.01 B) 25 C) 2.84 D) 30 E) 25.0

92) How many moles of lead are present in a piece of lead with a volume of 0.600 cm3? The density

of Pb is 11.34 g/cm3.

92) ______

A) 0.547 B) 0.0328 C) 6.80 D) 11.0 E) 0.0912

1) A

2) D

3) D

4) C

5) B

6) B

7) D

8) D

9) C

10) B

11) A

12) D

13) B

14) E

15) E

16) B

17) D

18) E

19) C

20) B

21) B

22) C

23) D

24) B

25) C

26) C

27) D

28) A

29) D

30) C

31) B

32) B

33) C

34) D

35) C

36) C

37) A

38) D

39) D

40) A

41) B

42) C

43) C

44) B

45) D

46) C

47) D

48) E

49) E

50) D

51) A

52) D

53) C

54) E

55) A

56) C

57) A

58) A

59) C

60) B

61) B

62) D

63) C

64) D

65) C

66) D

67) C

68) D

69) E

70) D

71) D

72) A

73) A

74) C

75) E

76) D

77) D

78) B

79) E

80) A

81) C

82) D

83) B

84) A

85) B

86) C

87) E

88) B

89) B

90) E

91) B

92) B