Ex tensible M arkup L anguage
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Extensible Markup Language
ASHIMA KALRA
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INDEX….
INTRODUCTION OF XML XML FEATURES XML SYNTAX XML ELEMENTS XML ATTRIBUTES USES OF XML
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Introduction
XML was designed to describe data and to focus on what data is.
HTML was designed to display data and to focus on how data looks.
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What you should already know?
WWW, HTML and the basics of building Web pages
Web scripting languages like JavaScript or VBScript
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What is XML?
XML stands for Extensible Markup Language
XML is a markup language much like HTML XML was designed to describe data
XML tags are not predefined. You must define your own tags
XML uses a Document Type Definition (DTD) or an XML Schema to describe the data
XML with a DTD or XML Schema is designed to be self-descriptive
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Features of XML
XML does not DO anything
XML is free and extensible
XML is a complement to HTML
XML is a cross-platform, software and hardware independent tool for transmitting information.
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XML Syntax
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<note><to>Tove</to><from>Jani</from><heading>Reminder</heading><body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body></note>
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Syntax Rules
All XML elements must have a closing tag
Incorrect <p>This is a paragraph <p>This is another paragraph
Correct <p>This is a paragraph</p> <p>This is another paragraph</p>
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XML tags are case sensitive
<Message>This is incorrect</message> <message>This is correct</message>
All XML elements must be properly nested
<b><i>This text is bold and italic</b></i>
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All XML documents must have a root element
<root> <child> <subchild>.....</subchild> </child> </root>
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Attribute values must always be quoted
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <note date=12/11/2002> <to>Tove</to> <from>Jani</from> </note>
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With XML, white space is preserved
Hello my name is Tove,HTML output: Hello my name is Tove,XML output: Hello my name is Tove,
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Comments in XML
The syntax for writing comments in XML is similar to that of HTML.
<!-- This is a comment -->
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XML Elements
XML Elements are Extensible
<note><to>Tove</to><from>Jani</from><body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body></note>
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MESSAGE
To: ToveFrom: Jani
Don't forget me this weekend!
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<note><date>2002-08-01</date><to>Tove</to><from>Jani</from><heading>Reminder</heading></note>
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<note><date>2002-08-01</date><to>Tove</to><from>Jani</from><heading>Reminder</heading><body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body> </note>
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Element Naming
Names can contain letters, numbers, and other characters
Names must not start with a number or punctuation
character
Names must not start with the letters xml (or XML or Xml)
Names cannot contain spaces
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XML Attributes
XML elements can have attributes.
Quote Styles, "female" or 'female'? <person sex="female"> <person sex='female'>
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If the attribute value itself contains double quotes it is necessary to use single quotes, like in this example:
<gangster name='George "Shotgun" Ziegler'>
If the attribute value itself contains single quotes it is necessary to use double quotes, like in this example:
<gangster name="George 'Shotgun' Ziegler">
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Uses of XML
XML can Separate Data from HTML◦ With XML, data is stored outside HTML
XML is used to Exchange Data◦ With XML, data can be exchanged between
incompatible systems
XML and B2B◦ With XML, financial information can be exchanged
over the Internet.BACK
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Uses of XML
XML can be used to Share Data◦ XML provides a software- and hardware-
independent way of sharing data
XML can be used to Store Data◦ With XML, plain text files can be used to store data
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Uses of XML
XML can make our Data more Useful◦ Since XML is independent of hardware, software and
application, you can make your data available to other than only standard HTML browsers
XML can be used to Create new Languages◦ XML is the mother of WAP and WML
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THANKYOU