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Gustav R. Grob, F.EIGustav R. Grob, F.EIPresidentPresident, International Clean, International Clean EnergyEnergy ConsortiumConsortium ICECICEC

Chairman, ISOChairman, ISO CommitteeCommittee onon TechnicalTechnical EnergyEnergy SystemsSystems AnalysesAnalyses

ExecutiveExecutive SecretarySecretary, International, International SustainableSustainable EnergyEnergy OrganizationOrganization

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WhereWhere itit startedstarted 1st Generation1st Generation

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2nd Generation Wind Mills2nd Generation Wind Mills

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3rd Generation Wind Power3rd Generation Wind Power GearedGeared horizontal andhorizontal and verticalvertical windwind turbinesturbines

TransitionTransition fromfrom stalledstalled wind blades towind blades to pitchpitch controlcontrol

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3rd Generation3rd Generation advancedadvanced

gearlessgearless butbut auxiliaryauxiliary excitementexcitementand stilland still tootoo highhigh logisticslogistics && cranecrane costcost

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Trend toTrend to biggerbiggergeneratorsgenerators

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GrowingGrowing Wind Power MarketWind Power Market

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4th Generation STARWIND4th Generation STARWIND

GearlessGearless, permanent, permanent magnetsmagnets,, pitchpitch controlledcontrolledAdvancedAdvanced concreteconcrete towertower,, highesthighest efficiencyefficiency

LowerLowermaintenancemaintenance costcost andand veryvery longlong lifelife

Gearless with

permanent magnets

Example

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The Evolution of Wind Power to the 4th Generation

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and crane savings huge(self-erecting)

STARWIND transportNo High-rise CraneHigh-rise CraneManualManualErection

long-life concrete tower(self-mounting)Concrete(handycraft)(carpentry)

patented STARWINDExtruded ConcreteSteel orWoodWoodTowers

wind blade designfail safe pitch controlor stalled

the most advancedor Bio-Plasticspitch controlstalledhand-adjusted

STARWIND is usingPlastics (Epoxy)Plastics (PE)Wood / MetalWood & ClothWind Blades

than any competitor(no slip rings)Auxiliary Exitation

about 5 % betterPermanent MagnetsGenerators

generator performsGearless GeneratorsGeared & Gearless

The STARWINDElectricElectricElectricMechanicalTypes

the grid in blackoutsMillsGrain Mills

STARWIND supportsPower GenerationPower GenerationPower GenerationWater PumpingUses

21st Century20th Century19th Century4000 BC-1800Time Period

Remarks4th Generation3rd Generation2nd Generation1st Generation

The Evolution of Wind Power to the 4th Generation

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-1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

SOLAR PV & THERMAL ENERGY DIRECTWIND POWER

HYDRO POWER / TIDAL / WAVE POWEROCEAN & GEOTHERMAL ENERGYBIOMASS / BIOGAS ENERGYAMBIENT ENERGY

MUSCLE POWERNOVEL ENERGY SYSTEMS

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY

INEVITABLE CLIMAX OF

MINERAL ENERGY

HAZARDOUS ANDDEPLETING ENERGY

CONSUMPTION(FOSSIL & FISSILE)

[YEARS]

200

100

ENERGY[PWh]

ENERGY HISTORY & FORECAST

t

E

ENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION

TOTAL USABLEENERGY ON EARTH

DEPLETION OF FINITE ENERGY RESOURC

OPTION A

OPTION B

MAXIMUM

OPTION 0 (ZERO-SUBSTITUTIO

SOURCE : ISEO

PRESENT SITUATION

TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION

R bl E O ti I di t l F ibl Th P t ti l

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Renewable Energy Option Immediately Feasible Theor. Potential

- Bio energy 50 PWh/year 78

- Hydropower 8 14

- Geothermal Electricity Conventional 2

- Geothermal Electricity / Hot Dry Rock 20 388

- Geothermal Heat 4- Wind Power 53 160

- Solar PV Power 6

- Solar Thermal Power 40 435- Solar Active Heat 20

- Solar Passive Heat (Buildings) 10

- Ocean Energy (Waves and Tides) 15 202- Heat Pumps 10 50

- Muscle Energy (Food Chain) 1 10

- Novel Energy Technologies (R&D) 100 200

Total RE potential 339 PWh/year 1537

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TRUE ENERGY COST

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Nuclear

GasFired

OilFired

CoalFired

Biomass

H

ydroPower

O

ceanWave

WindPower

SolarThermal

GeoThemal

OTECPV

ENERGY SYSTEM

EUR

OCENTS/kW

hExtra Risk

External Cost

Carbon Credit

Max Net Cost

Min. Net Cost

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W O R L D E N E R G Y S C E N A R I O 2000 - 2050

0 . 0

5 0 . 0

1 0 0 . 0

1 5 0 . 0

2 0 0 . 0

2 5 0 . 0

3 0 0 . 0

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040

S o u r c e f o r F i n i t e E n e r g y D a t a : A S P O a t w w w . p e a k o i l . n e t & K y o t o P r o t o c o l

WO R L D E N E R G Y D E M A N D

2 % A N N U A L G R O W T H

RENE WABLE ENE RGY

DEM AND GROWT H AV. 5 . 2 %

FI N I T E E NE RGY DE CLI NE

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