INCA Delivering superfast wireless broadband Seminar - Satellite Broadband
Evolution of Broadband Wireless Technologies
Transcript of Evolution of Broadband Wireless Technologies
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Sim NarasimhaSENIOR DIRECTOR OF TECHNOLOGY
Evolution of Broadband Wireless TechnologiesNov 5, 2008
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Agenda
• Mobile Market Positioning
• What is 4G?
• 4G Technologies
• 4G Challenges
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Nearly ~2 Billion More Than Any Other Computing or Consumer Electronics Device
Source: Wireless Intelligence, Instat, IDC, September 2007
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Over 4 B Mobile Subscribers by 2012
Source: Yankee Group, June 2008
Global & Emerging Economy Cumulative Subscribers
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Source: Wireless Intelligence
670 M+ Current 3G Subscribers
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3G Handsets Forecast to Reach >55% of Total Handset Shipments by 2012
Source: Average of Strategy Analytics (Jan 2008), InStat (Jul 2007), IDC (Jan 2008), Gartner (July 2007), Forward Concepts (Jul 2007), ABI (Dec 2007), Yankee Group (Dec 2007), WCIS+ (Feb 2008) and IMS (Oct 2007)
*2G includes cdmaOne, TDMA, GSM, EDGE,GPRS, iDen, PDC, PHS
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Broadband Connections Into the Next Decade
Sources: Strategy Analytics, July 2007; Informa, September 2007.HSPA Family includes HSDPA, HSUPA & HSPA+. EV-DO Family includes Rel. 0, Rev. A and Rev. B.
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How did we get this far in just 25 years?• Relentless progress in silicon technology
• Higher integration, lower costs ($20 phones readily available inemerging markets), more capabilities.
• Technical advances in air interfaces
• Higher efficiency for voice and data services, lower infrastructure capital costs
• Sophisticated Signal Processing Algorithms
• Modulation, Coding, Detection, Synchronization etc.
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Example of Advances in Air Interfaces
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 +1999
1 – Upper range for DL peak rates includes 64 QAM+2x2 MIMO or Dual Carrier 64-QAM
2 – 20 MHz, FDD, 64-QAM, 4x4 MIMO in DL and 16 QAM, 1 TX in UL. Peak rates expected to be scalable with bandwidth
DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps peak
UL: 384 kbps peak
– All-IP Services– Broadband
downloads
DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps peak
UL: 5.72 Mbps peak
– Broadband uploads– Reduced end to end delay– Real-time services (VoIP,
packet VT, PTT)– Multicast (MBMS)
DL: 14-42 Mbps peak1
UL: 11 Mbps peak
– Optimized RTServices
– MIMO, HOM– Battery Life Enh
– OFDM/SC-FDMA – Flexible RF BW up to 20 MHz– Common FDD & TDD modes– Higher order MIMO, SDMA
LTE
DL: to 278 Mbps peak2
UL: to 85 Mbps peak2
DL: 384 kbps peak
UL: 384 kbps peak
CDMA CDMA/TDM OFDMA
Evolution inexisting
spectrum
Deployment in new spectrum
HSPA +Rel-7 (Ph 1) Rel-8 (Ph 2)Rel-5 (HSDPA)
HSPA Rel-6 (HSUPA)Rel-99
WCDMA
– MC-HSPA+1
– 64 QAM+MIMO– VCC
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What is on the horizon?• After 3G there must be a 4G…
• Focus shifting from air interface to:
• Network topologies
• Services
• Devices and Software
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What is 4G?
Source: ITU-R M.1645
1 10 100 1000
Enhancement
Peak useful data rate (Mbit/s)
Mobility
High
Low
EnhancedIMT-2000IMT-2000
Interconnection
Nomadic/local area access
Digital broadcast systems
Low mobility: Pedestrian speedsHigh Mobility: 60 km/h to 250 km/h
Systems beyond IMT-2000 will encompass the capabilities of previous systems
Newmobileaccess
New nomadic/localarea wireless access
New capabilities of systems beyond IMT-2000
Dashed line indicates that the exact data rates associated with systems beyond IMT-2000 are not yet determined
The “Van Diagram” from IMT-Advanced
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The Road to 4G
1985 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015Time
Data rate<10kbps <200kbps 300k-10Mbps <100Mbps 100M-1Gbps
Mobility
Low
Middle
High
IMT-Advanced4G
AMPSTACS
GSMCDMAOne
WCDMACDMA2000
HSPA1xEV-DO
LTE
802.11/WiFi
BWA/16e
802.16/WiMAX
BWA/16m1G
2G
3G3G+
E 3G
802.11n/WiFi
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4G Wish List• High Data Rates: 100 Mbps @250 km/h, 1 Gbps Nomadic
• Spectral Efficiency > 10bps/Hz
• Latency < 5 ms
• IP/Web based services
• Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
• Smooth handoff across heterogeneous networks
• Guaranteed QoS for multimedia services
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4G Technologies• Air Interface
• FDD and TDD
• OFDMA?
• Throughput Enhancing Techniques
• MIMO (Open and Closed Loop)
• AMC (including space-time coding)
• Dirty Paper Coding
• Interference Cancellation, Joint Detection etc.
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4G Technologies (Continued)• Higher Layers
• HARQ
• Opportunistic Scheduling
• Cross Layer Optimization
• 4G Networks
• All IP Core
• Cognitive
• Multi-hop Relay
• Micro, Pico and Femto Cells
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3G and 4G Focus
3G Focus 4G Focus
Technologies Access technologies Network, Service & application technologies
Personalization Device personalization Infrastructure based personalization
Service characteristics
Operators’ general service
User personalized service
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4G Challenge: Limited BW
Ref: G. J. Foschini and M. J. Gans, “On limits of wireless communications in a fading environment when using multiple antennas,”Wireless Personal Commun., vol. 6, Mar. 1998.
BW = 100 MHz & 1 Gbps rate => 10bps/Hz => 1024 QAM
Tough on SISO Fading Channels !
Solution: MIMO
NR = NT =1
NR = NT =4
SNR = 12 dB
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4G Challenge: High Tx Power
Tx Power proportional to Transmission Rate (for a given dist & fc)
Assume 1Mbps @ 1km requires 1W Tx power
Then, 1Gbps @ 1km requires 1kW
Not Practical !
Distance < 100m at 1W Tx power (path loss exponent = 3)
=> New Network architectures• Multi-hop Relay• Micro, Pico and Femto Cells
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Traditional Macro Networks
Data Rates VaryNeed uniform
user experience
Increasing Demand for Data
Need economical ways to address
future needs
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Add Micro and Pico for Coverage and Capacity
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Add Femtocells for User Deployment in Building
Interference issues
Fairness
User deployed nodes
Operation &Management
Scalability
Restricted Femto access
Mixed Networks Impose Challenges
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Fairness among users
Plug and Playdeployments Interference
management
Solutions for Improved Performance
CognitiveSelf organizing
networks
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Uplink Interference Solution: Backhaul to Supersite
Model collapses to a larger isolated cell with more Rx antennas
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Uplink capacity for various strategies
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Mobile Service Evolution
2D Gaming
Services Evolution
Paul,How did the meeting go?
Send Options
Text Messaging
3D Gaming
Location-BasedServicesWallpaper
Mobile Commerce
BloggingSocial
NetworkingRSS Feeds & Tagging
MMS Music & Video on Demand
Mobile TVHealth &Fitness
Advertising &Recommend
Ringtones
Voice
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Creating New Mobile, Computing and CE Device Categories
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Thank You