Evolution Jeopardy Evolution by Natural Selection MicroevolutionMacroevolutionTaxonomyHardy-...
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Transcript of Evolution Jeopardy Evolution by Natural Selection MicroevolutionMacroevolutionTaxonomyHardy-...
Evolution JeopardyEvolution by
Natural Selection
Microevolution Macroevolution Taxonomy Hardy-Weinberg
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200 200 200 200 200
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This summarizes Darwin’s theory of natural selection
What is traits that aid in survival and reproduction become common because only individuals with these traits can survive and reproduce
One part of Darwin’s work On the Origin of Species was that species change over time and become new species. He called the idea this.
What is descent with modification?
Darwin argued for the plausibility of evolution by natural selection by citing dog breeding, an example of this
What is artificial selection
These are 3 ways Lamarck’s mechanism of evolution differed from Darwin’s.
1. Lamarck- characteristics are acquired during lifetime
2. Lamarck- features that are used grow bigger, those that don’t disappear
3. Lamarck- species changed due to inner need4. Darwin- only some individuals survive5. Darwin- differences inherited at birth (fit very
well with genetics)
Explain 5 sources of evidence for evolution1. Fossil record shows expected order of species and
transitional species2. DNA analysis shows similar genes in related
species3. Protein analysis shows similar proteins in related
species4. Biogeography- species related to those near them5. Comparing embryology- related animals develop
similarly, even when they look very different as adults
6. Comparing anatomies – homologous structures7. Vestigial structures- show ancestry
This best explains why males appear drasticallydifferent than females in many species
What is females select traits in males? Only males with the traits can reproduce so traits become more common in males (sexual selection)
These are the 5 causes of microevolution
1. Natural selection2. Sexual selection3. Mutations4. Gene flow (migration)5. Genetic drift (random chance)
This best defines macroevolution
What are the formation of new species or other taxonomic groups? (big changes)
This must occur for populations to be considered different species
What is an inability for them to successfully reproduce with each other? (note that they may still mate- just can’t produce fertile offspring!)
This type of evolution leads to analogous characters (define analogous characters in your answer)
Convergent evolution. Leads to similar looking traits in distantly related species, that were not present in a shared ancestor (i.e. bird and bat wing)
A predator species evolves better eyesight as individuals with better eyesight are able to better hunt prey. This causes the prey population to become faster as only the fastest runners are quick enough to avoid the predator. The story above is an example of this
What is co-evolution (evolution of one species affects another)
These are 5 ways different species can be prevented from mating with each other
What are:1.Timing of reproduction2.Location of reproduction3.Reproduction behavior (mating dances, songs etc.)4.Reproductive anatomies5.Sperm/egg compatibility6.Fertility of offspring (i.e. mules)
This domain includes prokaryotes with no peptidoglycan and some genetics similar to eukaryotes. Many of them are extremophiles living in extremely hot, salty or acidic conditions
What is Domain Archaea?
Use the table below, which shows number of nucleotide differences in a common gene, to construct a phylogenetic tree
Sea Star Butterfly Jellyfish Iguana Sponge
Sea star x 9 18 5 24
Butterfly 9 x 15 11 22
Jellyfish 18 15 x 20 15
Iguana 5 11 20 x 26
Sponge 24 22 15 26 x
Sp J B Se I
This is the full taxonomy of humans
Eukarya Animalia Chordata Mammalia Primate Hominidae Homo Sapiens
D K P C O F G S
40% of the alleles in a population are dominant, what % of the population expresses the recessive phenotype?
What is 36%?P=0.4, q=0.6, q^2=0.36
If 49% of a population expresses the recessivephenotype, this % of the population must be homozygous dominant
What is 9%?q^2=0.49, q=0.7, p=0.3, p^2=0.09
If 38 individuals in a population of 200 express the dominant trait, how many individuals would be expected to be heterozygous?
What is 36?P^2+2pq=38/200 = 0.19q^2=1-0.19=0.81, q=0.9, p=0.12*p*q=2*0.9*0.1=0.180.18*200=36To double check – p^2=0.01, * 200 = 2 individuals are homozygous dominant