Evidence Base Camp: Day 2 Practical Group Sessions Graham Cline – National Police Library Mark...
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Transcript of Evidence Base Camp: Day 2 Practical Group Sessions Graham Cline – National Police Library Mark...
Evidence Base Camp: Day 2Practical Group Sessions
Graham Cline – National Police LibraryMark Abram – Research UnitCharmian Werren – Research Unit
Research question
What interventions have been shown to be effective in supporting individuals during an acute mental health crisis?
Session Outline
• Practical session• Walk through of an example search• Develop search terms for our
question area• Look at each ‘tier’ of our search in
turn• Run search of combined terms
Recap
The process (in a nutshell)
1. Draft search terms/run searches
2. Draft sift criteria
3. Sift received abstracts
4. Request full papers
5. Read and ‘grade’ papers
6. Write it up (‘synthesis’)
Terms Results
Anywhere in the article
“Domestic violence” 597,000
“Domestic abuse” 32,500
Title only
“Domestic violence" 23,700
“Domestic abuse” 1,220
Published since 2000 (title only)
“Domestic violence" 13,200
“Domestic abuse” 822
Adding ‘randomised controlled trial’
“Domestic violence" 0
“Domestic violence" 0
Adding ‘experiment’
“Domestic violence" 32
“Domestic abuse” 0
Adding ‘systematic review’
“Domestic violence" 7
“Domestic abuse” 0
• Search terms are hugely important
• Today’s session will really focus on our search terms and their impacts.
• Librarians and Researchers to help run live pilot searches
• Group work to build our search terms
• Boolean is a powerful tool and can be used to create quite complex searches. The standard Boolean operators are:
ANDORNOT (or AND NOT) (advanced users only!)
• Boolean is most effective when used in combination with:
PARENTHESES (round brackets)TRUNCATION e.g. politic*WILDCARDS e.g. randomi?eDOUBLE QUOTES for "specific phrases"
10:45
The Basics Boolean operators
Practical example of searching -What works in preventing residential burglary?
Creating a search stringexample of domestic violence
• String should be based around the research question:
• What works in the policing of public order?
• How can we reduce recidivism amongst sexual offenders?
• Each key aspect identified will then make up one Tier of the search.
• The tiers will then be combined to create the complete search string.
Creating a Search String
• There are often three tiers, but there can be as many or as few as the search requires.
• The standard way to create tiers is create lists of synonyms within a table, eg.
Tiers
Tier 1 Frozen Dessert
Tier 2 Wafer
Tier 3Syrup
Ice creamFroyoSorbetGrannita
WaferWaffle
Golden syrupMaple syrupChocolate sauceStrawberry sauce
Domestic violence example
Tier 1. Domestic violence / Domestic abuse• This is the main area of the search.
Q: What are the risks/ predictive factors associated with domestic violence/ abuse?
Tier 2. Risk factors/ predictive factors• These terms interact with the main subject of the search.
Tier 3. Effectiveness / What works• We want to capture evidence that is evaluative, rather than commentary.
Tier 4. Policing (?)• We may want to limit our search to factors for the police and policing, or we
might decide we are interested in factors identified from healthcare or other potential partners.
Building our search string using synonyms
Tier 1: Domestic violence/ abuse
Tier 2:Risk/ predictive factors
Tier 3:Effectiveness
Tier 4:Policing
•Domestic violence•Domestic abuse•Intimate partner violence•Intimate-partner violence (hyphenated)•Intimate partner femicide •Spousal assault•Partner violence•Battered women•Wife assault•Repeated violence•Couple violence•Domestic murder
•Risk assessment•Risk management•Risk appraisal•Risk of homicide•Prediction of homicide•Nursing assessment•Lethality risk assessment•Predicting/ predictive•Dangerousness assessment
•Evaluation•Assessment•“What works”•Impact•Randomised controlled trial•Trial•Experiment•Systematic review
•Police•Policing•Law Enforcement
Q: What are the risks/ predictive factors associated with domestic violence/ abuse?
Turning synonyms into search terms
• ((Domestic OR Physical OR Emotional OR Familial OR Marital OR Spousal) AND (Abus* OR violen* OR control* OR behav*)) OR Coerc* OR "domestic homicide" OR "marital rape" OR "intimate partner violence" OR "repeat victim*" OR "women’s refuge"
• C. 197,000 results11:30 - break
Research question• What interventions have been shown to be effective
in supporting individuals during an acute mental health crisis?
• mental health crisis • intervention
• acute• police• What Works/effective
Factors in our question
• Tier 1 – mental health crisis• Tier 2 – interventions• Tier 3 – acute• Tier 4 – police• Tier 5 – effective/What Works
Tier 1 Synonyms – metal health crisis
• Mental health crisis • Mental health crisis
12-12:15 in sub-groups12:15-12:30 feedback to whole group
ProQuestNational Police Library catalogue
http://library.college.police.uk
Google....
Lunch
Afternoon session starts at 13:15
12:30
Tier 1 - Version 1 - ProQuest
• Search terms• Mental ill health• Mental illness• Mental breakdown• Nervous breakdown• Psychotic crisis• Psychotic episode
• Approximate numbers of hits
Extra search terms
• Mental* *capacity• Depressive episode• Suicid*• Mental medical condition• Unsound mind• Mental disorder• Psychiatric disorder• Psychiatric condition• Mental condition
Even more search terms
• Depess*• Anxi*• PTSD• Panic• Bipolar• Excited delirium
Tier 1 - Version 2 - ProQuest
• Search terms
• Approximate number of hits
Tier 1 - Version 3 - ProQuest
• Search terms
• Approximate number of hits
Tier 2 Synonyms – intervention
• intervention • intervention
Tier 2 - Version 1 - ProQuest
• Search terms• (tactic* OR intervention* OR strateg* OR
initiative* OR procedure* OR approach*)• Approximate number of hits 3.1 million
Tier 2 - Version 2 - ProQuest
• Search terms
• Approximate number of hits
Tier 2 - Version 3 - ProQuest
• Search terms
• Approximate number of hits
Tier 3 Synonyms – acute
• acute
• Major• Serious• Severe• Severity• Violent• Intense• Emergency• Distress• Inpatient• Detain• critical
• Acute
• Event• Incident• Trauma• Mani*
Tier 3 - Version 1 - ProQuest
• Search terms• (crisis OR crises OR emergency OR hysteria OR
acute OR attack* OR episode*)• Approximate number of hits 1 million
Tier 4 Synonyms – interventions
• Insert Established Terms forTier 4 – Police
police OR policing OR "law enforcement"
Tier 5 Synonyms – What Works
• Insert Established Terms forTier 5 – WHAT WORKS
("systematic review" OR "literature review*" OR trial* OR "RCT" OR experiment* OR evaluat* OR "best practice*" OR "good practice*" OR effective* OR assess* OR "What Works" OR impact* OR success*)
Initial merging of terms• Version __ of Tier 1 + Version __ of Tier 2 = c. _______ records• + Tier 3 = c. _______ records• + Tier 4 = c. _______ records
• Issues/ questions/ queries• What surprised you, etc.
This exercise
1. Shows the value of systematically searching2. Shows the impact of having multiple tiers in our searches3. Gives us an idea of the number of articles that might be
relevant to our research question…
• At the next evidence base camp we will sift through the abstracts based on inclusion/ exclusion criteria to identify the full papers to request for the review.
• www.college.police.uk/library• [email protected]
Usual Synonyms
• intervention* OR tactic* OR strateg* OR initiative* OR procedure* or approach*
• ("systematic review" OR "literature review*" OR trial* OR "RCT" OR experiment* OR evaluat* OR "best practice*" OR "good practice*" OR effective* OR assess* OR "What Works" OR impact* OR success*)
• police OR policing OR "law enforcement"
Back-up Synonyms
• " mental health crisis " OR "psychotic episode*" OR "extreme anxiety" OR " panic attack*" OR (suicidal AND (behavio*r OR intent))
• crisis OR crises OR emergency OR hysteria OR acute OR attach OR episode* or trauma?