events / installations Gustavo Gili Editorial - Barcelonathe railway station as a new focal point...

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Güller Güller architecture urbanism Rotterdam.Zürich - www.ggau.net Lisbon Airport City – 20. June 2008 CCDR-LVT Lisboa

airports Paris Charles-de-GaulleAmsterdam Airport Schiphol Frankfurt Airport Zurich Airport UniqueCanton of ZurichAirport Regions Conference

strategic planning urban design

architecturearchitecture

events / installations published by Gustavo Gili Editorial - Barcelona

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Lisbon – 20.6.2008

Mathis and Michael Güller

Lisbon Airport Citythe role of airports in the development of cities and regions

Güller Güller Rotterdam.Zurich

what does that change?

1. Airports and Cities

2. From Airport to Airport City

3. ‘Lisboa Cidade Aeroporto’: Challenges / Potentials

4 Paris airport corridor4. Paris airport corridor

5. Preliminary conclusions

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Source: Amsterdam airport Schiphol

Guatemala CityCity airport

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HongkongRemote airport

30km from city

Sky City

KowloonDisneyland Resort

Asiaworld Expo

Sky City

HongkongTung Chung

Fran

kfur

t

Lond

onnc

e

Am

ster

dam

Par

is –

Ile d

e Fr

an

Paris20km from city

Region Ile de France

ZurichAirport Corridor ‘Glattal’

10km from city

city centre

airport city

Zurich airport

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Precondition = integration in regional transportation networks “Double Hub”

ZurichLightrail for Airport Corridor

Public transportation aligned with economic development

Car de-centralization

Train re-concentration

Ai t l t li tiAirport poly-centralization

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Airport City

= an ‘business strategy’

= an ‘urban development strategy’

for a transportation node

mechanisms not scale!

“AirportCity”= additional income with non-aviation activities

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Amsterdam

real-estate instead of parking Reorganisation of the airport operator‘s company structure

Amsterdam SchipholTransportation node

the railway station as a new focal point

Development of office-m2 parallel to nr. of airplane movements

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1 million passengers =

• 1000 - 1500 direct workplaces

• 10’000m2 of real estate (add. 250 direct / 50 indirect workplaces)

• air-connectivity / hotel nights / consumption expenditures / etc.

the potential economic benefits of air-transportation

Source: various European airports

ViennaAirport City

Initiatives of the airport operator to finance its infrastructure

European Airport City = ca. 80-90ha

Chicagologistic areas

What do we mean by airport city?

Which environment, identity, role of the airport area

centre ville

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Just another generic business park?

Stockholm Sky City

Frankfurt: complementary to what the city already has

Frankfurt airport Double hub

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Frankfurt airportAIRrail-terminal

Frankfurt airportAIRrail-terminal

Airport City = “Central railway-station” development

AIRail TerminalFrankfurt airport expansion competition 2003

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+ +

Piers Terminal Airport City

‘Hybrid Airport’

….a 2nd generation of airport city? ….prizewinning project by Foster (GB)

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Airport City at a remote airport- Airport City at a remote airport

- Position of the airport in a polycentric region

- Integration in regional/national transportation networks

- Individual municipal developments

- Governance of spatial-economic developmentsGovernance of spatial economic developments

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40km

25km

NALNAL

Lisboa

Setúbal

NAL

Airport City – which parts of a differentiated programmatic range?

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HelsinkiAmsterdam Stockholm

Milano MalpensaCopenhagen Vienna

Uppsala

Stockholm

40km

Stockholm

ARN

5kmArlandastad – 660ha

Arlanda Airport City – too big, too vague, too far away...

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Oslo airport AIRPORT CITY

40km from city

a typically ‘Norwegian’ development?

Oslo airport AIRPORT CITY

An outstanding quality

‘Design Manual’ ‘Design Manual’

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Oslo airport Airport business parks

Airport City on airport platform

a ‘specific and airport oriented’ economic profile

NAL

Zürich - the airport area as a regional ‘Centre Area’

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Airport trainstation = regional interchange node Airport trainstation = national interchange node

1 Regional Centres

2 Airport = ‚platform for heavy infrastructure‘

ARN

Stockholm County: airport and airport region peripheral?

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ARN

1 Airport Shuttle

1

1 Airport Shuttle

2 National railway line

to Stockholm

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40kmARN ARN

ABC-corridor Stockholm: concentration of Science and R&D parks

Key-branches: clusters and hot-spots in the Stockholm-Uppsala region

Uppsala

ARN

Stockholm

Economic profile of the Stockholm ABC-corridor (1) Accessibility of the platform for passengers / employees

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NAL

(2) Possible concentration of larger parts of the economic spin-off

NALNAL

(3) Probable role of the new airport as logistic platform

Barcelona AIRPORT CITY

Ideally at nearby platforms: an equal level of accessibility as inside the city

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Barcelona Ciudad aeropuerto

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Complementary to what the city already has(!)

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HongkongCHAIN OF PEARLS in transportation corridor (dead-end)

30km from city

B t

Coruche

NAL

Montijo

Benavente

Palmela

Alcochete

Palmela

Individual municipal developments?

NAL

StockholmAirport municipalities

High-quality living environment and attractive business opportunities

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How to match profiles of population and activities?

ARN

Sigtuna municipality – 4th biggest conference location in Sweden

ARN

Concurrence between business areas in the 4 municipalities Common area development of the 4 municipalities

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Amsterdam Airport AreaGovernance

Development agency to maximize the spatial-economic potentials

Amsterdam Airport Area Governance

Governance and partnerships needed!

move towards ‘creating added value’

and

pursue a “metropolitan planning approach” (accessibility, complementary economic profile sustainable development)complementary economic profile, sustainable development)…

…rather than creating a stand-alone airport-facility and peripheral business/logistic sites

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5. Preliminary conclusionsTriangle de Gonesse

…towards a Parisian airport corridor

Güller Güller – DHV – EBP – Van Beek

Why? What for?

Fran

cfor

t

Lond

res

m Fran

ce

Am

ster

da

Par

is –

Ile d

e

strategic reserve between city and airport which others don’t have anymore

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CS 1 – EPA Plaine de France

challenge: fragmented development of the Airport corridor

AXA – potentialité de développement du Triangle de Gonesse, Déc 2006

A- 1er cercle Pôle tertiaire

B- 2ème cercle

Ref AXARef AXA

AB

C

B- 2ème cercle Parc mixte

C- 3ème cercleentrepôts et locaux d’activité_______________________

± 40’000 emplois

Take-up of 100’000m2 per year

Supply 1.5 – 2 million m2 economic development

Dep Val d’Oise

Paris airport corridor Governance?

Dep. Seine Saint-Denis

Dep. Val d Oise

30 municipalities and 2 departements ‘Val d’Oise’ and ‘Seine Saint-Denis’

Plaine de France

Etablissement Public d‘Amenagement Plaine de FrancePublic Planning Authority ‚Plaine de France‘

Missions of the EPA:

• Stratégie urbaine • Développement et

promotion du territoire • Émergence et montage

de projets Pil t t ti d• Pilotage et gestion de projets à la demande des partenaires

• Conseil et appui aux communes

City of Paris

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lack of use of the potential and socio-economic inegalities

today...

Gonesse

Tremblay

Villepinte

the Paris’ airport corridor

tomorrow…

Aulnay sous Bois

Le Bourget

Concept of an airport corridor:

one single spatial-economic development strategy

fragmented islands airport corridorunclear profile competitive profile

Target groups: 1st, 2nd and 3rd line of airport-related business-activities

Passenger TerminalsRetail (tax free shops)Airport HotelAircraft HandlingCargo Terminals

High-end Offices Conference Center, Hotels, Shopping AreaBonded Warehouses

Offices, Back offices (larger scales)Activités 1ère ligne

Passenger Terminals

GRAC OCargo Warehouses Landside

Cargo Warehouses Airside

CDG; LBG ? ( g )Conference Center, Recreation FacilitiesHigh Tech Industries, Distribution/ Value Added LogisticsAct. 3ième ligne

Act. 2ième ligne

g CDG; LBG

ZACs

Roissy Pole, ZACs ?Risk: Wrong target groups at wrong business sites

Source: DHV

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a new ‘axe de compétitivité’ 5 distinctive economic profiles

1‐ AIRPORT CITY Charles‐de‐Gaulle

2‐metropolitan development pole Le Bourget

3‐ AIRPORT CORRIDOR

4‐ a new logistic platform CDG‐Est

5‐ individual business / industrial parks

Identity: 2nd green sector of Paris

Trianglede Gonesse

and a new metropolitan development polemetropolitan vision: a contribution to the national competitivity agenda

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Economic segregation: distribution of levels of income in the Ile de France

Plaine de France

Lack of compatibility between noise and urban development

Chapter 2 Competitiveness, Liveability and Strategic Vision

Global challenge ‘Liveability’

Vision

• Dilemma III. Economic dynamism or liveable city?“Concentration of population, which partly account for metro-region’s dynamism, causes also congestion, poor environment, housing shortages and the formation of ghettos. Is there a choice between economic dynamism and having a liveable city?”

in OECD Territorial Reviews: Competitive Citiesin the Global Economy, 2006

le golf

les plaines agricoles

les vallons

technopole

colline d’energie

Green network

les parcs urbains

Collective agricole périurbaine ‘Plaine de France’ de 6000ha

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An opportunity to achieve…• territorial coherence• an efficient internal organization of the airport area• competitive advantages wrt other global city regions• excellency in sustainable development

Which strategic benefits?

Which type of urban development will be

modern and competitive in 10-15 years?

RER D‐BGare RER

Bus TCSPGare Sarcelles

corridor of public transportation

‘Backbone’ of the economic corridor,and interconnection with the surrounding villages

Tramway Sud‐Nord

an « urban boulevard » instead of a road

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in a city a street is not a road! Technopole as flagship to the ‘Cœur du Triangle’

Campus of the Technopôle

printemps été automne

Integrated urbanism

Dynamisme économiqueDifférentiation et compacitéCréation d’emplois et accessibilité

Qualité de vie et de travailInnovation et identitéExcellence paysagère et réseaux locaux

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Roissy en France Gonesse

Creating added value by selectivity in programme and scarcity of developpable land…

Value creation

...and by creating a 2nd green sector of Paris, and an airport corridor strategy

Mixity

Benefits for the local inhabitants!






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Key issues for a quantity-quality approach• Potential for airport corridor development

• Co-ordination of development around the airport and on strategic sites of the city following foreign examples such as SADC in Amsterdam = y g glinking business parks to airport functions by offering exclusivity and high quality

• Selectivity and segmentation: Not everything needs to be in the airport surroundings

• Internalization of landscape: potential to create higher added value for Lisbon region regarding to airport businesses and logistics areas byLisbon region regarding to airport businesses and logistics areas, by steering the value of land and creating shortages (SCARCITY)

Potential methods:

Value creation, Quality improvement (environment and accessibility), Steering/ optimizing land use, creating shortages, strengthening the image

some criteria for an integrated ‘cidade aeroporto’1. BENEFIT FOR THE CITY:

complementary, chance for metropolitan developm. poles?

2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFIT:quality of live / workplace-generation in the neighbourhood

3. CONTRIBUTION TO THE COMPETITIVITY AGENDA:selective economic profile / sustainability

4. INTEGRATION IN INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORKS:a chance to build up a (public transportation) networka chance to build up a (public transportation) network

5. IMAGE OF THE AIRPORT CITY: truly Portuguese

6. GOVERNANCE:PPP / development agency

airport and city – Lisboa cidade aeroporto?

events / installations Gustavo Gili Editorial - Barcelonathe railway station as a new focal point...

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