EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Web viewCommon Rice-flower. SS. Lissanthe strigosa...

EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment

Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland

Description:A low, grassy or bracken-dominated eucalypt forest or open woodland to 15 m tall with a large shrub layer and ground layer rich in herbs, grasses, and orchids. Occurs mainly on flat or undulating areas on moderately fertile, relatively well-drained, deep sandy or loamy topsoils over heavier subsoils (duplex soils).

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 70 cm 15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name15% Eucalyptus ovataEucalyptus viminalis

Swamp GumManna Gum

Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 10% T

Medium Shrub 3 10% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSMedium Herb 12 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 7 15% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 1 10% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT

Species typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NameBlack Wattle

MS Bursaria spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Lissanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Peach HeathSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerMH Geranium solanderi Austral CranesbillMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Hydrocotyle foveolata Yellow PennywortMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Scented SundewSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Viola cleistogamoides Hidden VioletSH Opercularia ovata Broad-leaf StinkweedLTG Austrostipa rudis ssp. nervosa Veined Spear-grassLTG Juncus pallidus Pale RushMTG Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis ssp. coriacea Wattle Mat-rushMTG Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rush

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken

Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark

EVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:40 % cover

Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine high

high MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low MHHypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low

LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog highhigh MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-

grass high highMTG Juncus microcephalus Tiny-headed Rush high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:

• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.

For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or www.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 7: Clay Heathland

Description:Occurs on sites with impeded drainage, often on duplex soils. Dominated by heathy shrub species with or without an eucalypt overstorey. The ground layer is dense and diverse with a variety of landforms.

+ woodland onl y components (ignore when assessing treeless areas and standardise final score as appropriate)

Large trees+:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 40 cm 10 /

haTree Canopy Cover+:

%cover Character Species Common Name10% Eucalyptus dives

Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus mannifera

Broad-leaved PeppermintRed Stringybark Brittle Gum

Understorey: Life form

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 9 30% MSSmall Shrub 6 10% SSProstrate Shrub 3 5% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 8 10% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 4 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%

EVC 7: Clay HeathlandHighlands - Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaSS Kunzea parvifolia Violet KunzeaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Gompholobium huegelii Common Wedge-peaSS Dillwynia phyllicoides Small-leaf Parrot-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Pultenaea procumbens Heathy Bush-peaPS Boronia nana Dwarf BoroniaMH Lagenophora gracilis Slender Bottle-daisyMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Viola betonicifolia ssp. betonicifolia Showy VioletSH Mitrasacme serpyllifolia Thyme MitrewortLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Caustis flexuosa Curly WigMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grass

Recruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:20% Cover

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:


Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.

For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 16: Lowland Forest

Description:Eucalypt forest to 25 m tall on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils in areas of relatively high rainfall. Characterised by the diversity of life forms and species in the understorey including a range of shrubs, grasses and herbs.

Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.

DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus obliqua

Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Messmate StringybarkNarrow-leaf

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 6 20% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

EVC 16: Lowland ForestHighlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Pimelea axiflora Bootlace BushMS Olearia phlogopappa Dusty Daisy-bushSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Lomatia ilicifolia Holly LomatiaSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Stackhousia monogyna Creamy StackhousiaMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillSH Leptostigma reptans Dwarf NerteraSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Asperula euryphylla var. euryphylla Broad-leaf WoodruffLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurelSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

Recruitment:Continuous


Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.







Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 18: Riparian Forest

Description:A forest to 30 m tall of river banks and associated alluvial terraces with occasional occurrences in the heads of gullies leading into creeks and rivers. The soil is fertile alluvium, regularly inundated and permanently moist. Dominated by tall eucalypts, but also has an open to sparse secondary tree layer of wattles and scattered dense patches of shrubs, ferns, grasses and herbs.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name40% Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 20% TMedium Shrub 7 15% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 10 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 4 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGGround Fern 5 25% GFTree Fern 2 10% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 18: Riparian ForestHighlands - Northern Fall Bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bushMS Olearia phlogopappa Dusty Daisy-bushLH Mentha laxiflora Forest MintMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillSH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Galium propinquum Maori BedstrawLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high high

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:




%cover Character Species Common Name40% Acacia melanoxylon

Leptospermum grandifoliumBlackwoodMountain Tea-tree


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 19: Riparian Shrubland

Description:Diverse, medium to tall shrubland to 8 m tall occurring on rocky substrates of major streams and banks and channels of rocky creeks and along perennial streams in gorge tracts. Able to withstand frequent flooding or regenerate rapidly after such disturbance and often forming dense thickets along the stream's edge during long periods without flooding. Trees may be irregularly scattered throughout but tend to be restricted to the banks of the rivers and creeks. Sedges and rushes common to riparian environments dominate the understorey as well as an array of herbs and grasses including many ephemeral species which survive on the bare sands or in rock crevice.

Canopy Cover:

Understorey: Life form #Spp %CoverMedium Shrub 9 20%Medium Herb 2 5%Large Tufted Graminoid 1 10%Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5%Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1%Ground Fern 4 10%Tree Fern 2 1%Scrambler or Climber 2 5%Bryophytes/Lichens na 20%Total understorey projective foliage cover

65%

LF CodeMS


Common NaPrickly Currant-bu

MS Hedycarya angustifolia Austral MulberryMS Kunzea ericoides BurganMS Micrantheum hexandrum Box MicrantheumMH Euchiton collinus s.l. Clustered/Creepin

CudweedLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Poa ensiformis Sword TussoMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GraGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Blechnum minus Soft Water-fernTRF Todea barbara Austral King-feTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-ferSC Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:10 m/0.1 ha (note: large log class does not apply)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact

MS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high high


EVC 19: Riparian Shrubland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 20: Heathy Dry Forest

Description:Grows on shallow, rocky skeletal soils on a variety of geologies and on a range of landforms from gently undulating hills to exposed aspects on ridge tops and steep slopes at a range of elevations. The overstorey is a low, open eucalypt forest, poor in form to 20 m tall with an open crown cover. The understorey is dominated by a low, sparse to dense layer of ericoid-leaved shrubs including heaths and peas. Graminoids and grasses are frequently present in the ground layer, but do not provide much cover.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus dives

Eucalyptus mannifera ssp. mannifera Eucalyptus radiata s.l.

Broad-leaved PeppermintBrittle GumNarrow-leaf

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 8 20% MSSmall Shrub 4 10% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 5 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 10% MTGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%


EVC 20: Heathy Dry Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Monotoca scoparia Prickly Broom-heathMS Daviesia ulicifolia Gorse Bitter-peaMS Daviesia leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-peaMS Persoonia confertiflora Cluster-flower GeebungSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Dillwynia phylicoides Small-leaf Parrot-peaSS Tetratheca bauerifolia Heath Pink-bellsSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Persoonia chamaepeuce Dwarf GeebungPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurelSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.







Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest

Description:Occurs on a range of geologies on exposed aspects such as ridge-lines and medium to steep upper slopes, often in high rainfall areas and on shallow infertile soils. The overstorey is a low, open forest to 25 m tall characterised by the diversity and variability of the eucalypts. The understorey often lacks a secondary tree layer but contains a well-developed medium to low shrub layer. The ground layer is often very sparse with tussock-forming graminoids being the dominant life form.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus mannifera ssp. manniferaBroad-leaved PeppermintBrittle Gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 8 15% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 7 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 10% MTGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

65%

EVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Daviesia latifolia Hop Bitter-peaMS Daviesia ulicifolia Gorse Bitter-peaMS Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Prickly Bush-peaSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaSS Olearia erubescens Moth Daisy-bushPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Persoonia chamaepeuce Dwarf GeebungPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Senecio linearifolius Fireweed GroundselMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Asperula scoparia Prickly WoodruffSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-peaSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.







Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 22: Grassy Dry Forest

Description:Occurs on a variety of gradients and altitudes and on a range of geologies. The overstorey is dominated by a low to medium height forest of eucalypts to 20 m tall, sometimes resembling an open woodland with a secondary, smaller tree layer including a number of Acacia species. The understorey usually consists of a sparse shrub layer of medium height. Grassy Dry Forest is characterised by a ground layer dominated by a high diversity of drought-tolerant grasses and herbs, often including a suite of fern species.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus goniocalyx

Broad-leaved PeppermintRed Stringybark

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 4 10% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 4 5% LHMedium Herb 12 25% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 8 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C


EVC 22: Grassy Dry Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaSS Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice-flowerSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaLH Wahlenbergia stricta Tall BluebellLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herbMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Cymbonotus preissianus Austral Bear's-earMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassGF Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Green Rock-fernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high

low MH Trifolium arvense var. arvenseHare's-foot Clover high low

MTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMNG Aira elegantissima Delicate Hair-grass high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest

Description:Occurs on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils on an extremely wide range of geological types and in areas of moderate to high rainfall. Occupies easterly and southerly aspects mainly on lower slopes and in gullies. A medium to tall open forest or woodland to 25 m tall with a small tree layer over a sparse to dense shrub layer. A high cover and diversity of herbs and grasses in the ground layer characterise this EVC.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus radiata s.l.

Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus

Narrow-leaf PeppermintBroad-leaved Peppermint Messmate


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 7 15% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 11 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Coprosma hirtella Rough CoprosmaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Olearia erubescens Moth Daisy-bushSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisySH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common WoodrushMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low MH Centaurium

erythraea Common Centaury high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 28: Rocky Outcrop Shrubland

Description:Occurs in areas of low site quality on exposed rocky outcrops where rock is a dominant landform feature, soils are shallow or virtually absent and effective rainfall is low. Scattered, often stunted trees are occasionally present. A diverse shrub layer to 5 m tall characterises this EVC, including a number of rock-adapted species. The ground layer is usually sparse and species-poor except where it occurs in discrete patches and forms a mosaic with Rocky Outcrop Herbland.

Life forms: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp7

%Cover25%

LF codeMSSmall Shrub 2 5% SS

Large Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 5 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGGround Fern 2 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%

LF Code

Character SpeciesMonotoca scoparia

Common NamePrickly Broom-heath

MS Hovea pannosa s.l. Mountain BeautyMS Brachyloma daphnoides Daphne HeathMS Persoonia confertiflora Cluster-flower

GeebungSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Dillwynia phylicoides Small-leaf Parrot-peaSS Rhytidosporum procumbens White MarianthSS Acacia gunnii Ploughshare WattlePS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Persoonia chamaepeuce Dwarf GeebungLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Derwentia perfoliata Digger's SpeedwellLH Wahlenbergia multicaulis Branching BluebellLH Chrysocephalum semipapposum Clustered EverlastingMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Diuris sulphurea Tiger OrchidSH Crassula sieberiana Sieber CrassulaLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLTG Austrodanthonia induta Shiny Wallaby-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-

grassMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeGF Cheilanthes sieberi ssp. sieberi Narrow Rock-fern

GF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace Fern

Recruitment:

Continuous


EVC 28: Rocky Outcrop Shrubland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionWeediness:

LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MNG Vulpia myuros Rat's-tail Fescuehigh low




For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you www.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 29: Damp Forest

Description:Grows on a wide range of geologies on well-developed generally colluvial soils on a variety of aspects, from sea level to montane elevations. Dominated by a tall eucalypt tree layer to 30 m tall over a medium to tall dense shrub layer of broad- leaved species typical of wet forest mixed with elements from dry forest types. The ground layer includes herbs and grasses as well as a variety of moisture-dependent ferns.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus obliqua

Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Messmate StringybarkSmall-leaved Peppermint

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 5 30% TMedium Shrub 6 15% MSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 3 15% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameHazel Pomaderris

T Olearia argophylla Musk Daisy-bushT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Lomatia fraseri Tree LomatiaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Pimelea axiflora Bootlace BushMS Olearia phlogopappa Dusty Daisy-bushLH Mentha laxiflora Forest MintMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Leptinella filicula Mountain Cotula

LNG

Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lily

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis


EVC 29: Damp ForestHighlands – Northern Fall bioregion



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.







Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 30: Wet Forest

Description:Grows on fertile, well-drained loamy soils on a range of geologies and elevation levels. It is largely restricted to protected sites in gullies and on southern aspects of hills and mountains where rainfall is high and cloud cover at ground level is frequent. Characterised by a tall eucalypt overstorey to 30 m tall with scattered understorey trees over a tall broad-leaved shrubby understorey and a moist, shaded, fern-rich ground layer that is usually dominated by tree-ferns.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name40% Eucalyptus regnans Mountain Ash


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 6 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGGround Fern 4 20% GFTree Fern 2 10% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameSilver Wattle

T Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Olearia argophylla Musk Daisy-bushMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Olearia phlogopappa Dusty Daisy-bushMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Correa lawrenceana Mountain CorreaMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Sambucus gaudichaudiana White ElderberryMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillSH Leptostigma reptans Dwarf NerteraLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedge

LNG

Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Histiopteris incisa Bat's Wing FernGF Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Billardiera longiflora var. longiflora Purple Apple-berry

EVC 30: Wet ForestHighlands – Northern Fall bioregion



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.







Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 31: Cool Temperate Rainforest

Description:Closed non-eucalypt forest to 25 m tall. Occurs in high rainfall areas protected from fire within Wet Forest. The understorey characterised by tree ferns and a rich epiphytic flora. The ground layer is dominated by a diversity of ground ferns.

Large trees:SpeciesNothofagus/Atherosperma

DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name50% Nothofagus cunninghamiiAtherosperma moschatum

Myrtle BeechSouthern Sassafras


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 4 10% MSMedium Herb 3 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGGround Fern 6 25% GFTree Fern 2 25% TRFEpiphyte 3 5% EPScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBanyalla

MS Tasmannia lanceolata Mountain PepperMS Hedycarya angustifolia Austral MulberryMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bushMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Australina pusilla ssp. muelleri Shade NettleMH Sambucus gaudichaudiana White ElderberryMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortLTG Carex appressa Tall Sedge

LNG

Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Libertia pulchella Pretty Grass-flag

MNG

Uncinia tenella Delicate Hook-sedgeGF Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fernGF Grammitis billardierei Common Finger-fernGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Asplenium bulbiferum ssp. gracillimum Mother SpleenwortTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernEP Crepidomanes venosum Veined Bristle-fernEP Microsorum pustulatum ssp. pustulatum Kangaroo FernEP Hymenophyllum australe Austral Filmy FernEP Hymenophyllum flabellatum Shiny Filmy FernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Parsonsia brownii Twining Silkpod

EVC 31: Cool Temperate Rainforest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 35: Tableland Damp Forest

Description:Tall eucalypt forest to 30 m tall with an understorey dominated by a tall, diverse shrub layer of broad-leaved shrubs and heaths with sometimes a scattering of tree-ferns. The ground layer is dominated by a variety of herbs and graminoids. Occurs on topographically protected south-facing slopes and occasionally in gully heads on northern or western slopes in low relief montane areas.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name40% Eucalyptus delegatensis ssp. delegatensis Alpine Ash


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% IT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 7 20% MSSmall Shrub 2 10% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 15% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT



T Acacia obliquinervia Mountain Hickory WattleMS Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry PanaxMS Coprosma hirtella Rough CoprosmaMS Olearia phlogopappa Dusty Daisy-bushMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaSS Leucopogon hookeri Mountain Beard-heathLH Derwentia derwentiana Derwent SpeedwellLH Senecio linearifolius Fireweed GroundselMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fern


EVC 35: Tableland Damp Forest Highlands - Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 36: Montane Dry Woodland

Description:Occurs on dry and exposed mid to upper slopes at montane elevations, often extending onto ridges in high rainfall areas. Effective rainfall may be enhanced by cold air drainage, low cloud cover and in some cases, persistent snow cover. Open forest to open woodland to 15 m tall, according to altitude, precipitation and frequency of fire. The shrubby understorey is an unusual combination of species, which tolerate exposed montane conditions and species that enjoy the increased moisture available from cloud and fog drip


DBH(cm)50 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Eucalyptus rubida Eucalyptus

Broad-leaved Peppermint

CandlebarkNarrow-leaved


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 20% TMedium Shrub 5 20% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 9 15% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 15% MTGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C


EVC 36: Montane Dry Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Acacia obliquinervia Mountain Hickory WattleMS Coprosma hirtella Rough CoprosmaMS Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry PanaxMS Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Prickly Bush-peaMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaSS Olearia erubescens Moth Daisy-bushSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Persoonia chamaepeuce Dwarf GeebungPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Derwentia derwentiana Derwent SpeedwellLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Wahlenbergia stricta Tall BluebellLH Arthropodium milleflorum s.l. Pale Vanilla-lilyMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Asperula scoparia Prickly WoodruffMH Viola betonicifolia ssp. betonicifolia Showy VioletLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMNG Luzula campestris spp. agg. Field WoodrushGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.







Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 37: Montane Grassy Woodland

Description:Occurs in montane elevations on moderately fertile soils on all aspects. An open eucalypt woodland to 10 m tall, sometimes with a secondary tree layer. The understorey often consists of a sparse shrub layer which can be variable in height. The EVC is characterised by its grassy ground cover together with a variety of other graminoids and herbs.


DBH(cm)50 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name20% Eucalyptus pauciflora

Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus

Snow GumBroad-leaved Peppermint Candlebark

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 6 20% MSSmall Shrub 3 10% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 4 10% LHMedium Herb 15 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

EVC 37: Montane Grassy Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Prickly Bush-peaMS Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice-flowerMS Brachyloma daphnoides Daphne HeathSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Olearia erubescens Moth Daisy-bushSS Leucopogon hookeri Mountain Beard-heathPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Arthropodium milleflorum s.l. Pale Vanilla-lilyLH Wahlenbergia stricta Tall BluebellMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola betonicifolia ssp. betonicifolia Showy VioletMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortSH Chiloglottis gunnii s.l. Common Bird-orchidSH Galium ciliare Hairy BedstrawSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common WoodrushGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high

high MH Taraxacum officinale spp. agg. Garden Dandelion high lowSH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover high high






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 38: Montane Damp Forest

Description:Grows on a wide range of geologies on well-developed generally colluvial soils on a variety of aspects at montane elevations. Dominated by a tall eucalypt tree layer to 30 m tall over a medium to tall dense shrub layer of broad-leaved species typical of wet forest mixed with elements from dry forest types. The ground layer includes herbs and grasses as well as a variety of moisture-dependent ferns.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus delegatensis ssp. delegatensis

Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Eucalyptus rubida

Alpine AshNarrow-leaf Peppermint Candlebark


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 15% TMedium Shrub 7 20% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 4 5% LHMedium Herb 12 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 15% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 38: Montane Damp Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Coprosma hirtella Rough CoprosmaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry PanaxSS Olearia erubescens Moth Daisy-bushPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaLH Derwentia derwentiana Derwent SpeedwellLH Senecio linearifolius Fireweed GroundselLH Picris angustifolia Native PicrisMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisySH Chiloglottis gunnii s.l. Common Bird-orchidSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Deyeuxia rodwayi Tasman Bent-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

Recruitment:Continuous.


Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 39: Montane Wet Forest

Description:Grows on the most sheltered wet sites such as gully heads and south facing slopes at montane elevations in high rainfall areas. Soils are deep, fertile, well-drained and structureless and although well-drained, may remain saturated for long periods. The overstorey forms a tall open eucalypt forest to 30 m tall over a secondary tree layer with occasional tall shrubs which provide shade and protection for a fern-rich ground layer. Scattered herbs occur in gaps in the ground layer.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name40% Eucalyptus regnansEucalyptus nitens

Mountain AshShining Gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 5 30% TMedium Shrub 5 15% MSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 15% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGGround Fern 3 20% GFTree Fern 2 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 39: Montane Wet Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Lomatia fraseri Tree LomatiaMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry PanaxMS Olearia phlogopappa Dusty Daisy-bushMS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bushLH Mentha laxiflora Forest MintLH Senecio velleioides Forest GroundselMH Stellaria flaccida Forest StarwortMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Asperula euryphylla var. euryphylla Broad-leaf WoodruffSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelLTG Dryopoa dives Giant Mountain-grassLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grassMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Histiopteris incisa Bat's Wing FernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.


Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 40: Montane Riparian Woodland

Description:Associated with the peat-rich flats of perennial, meandering streams which flow through Montane Dry Woodland at montane elevations. Characterised by a low open woodland to 10 m tall with a dense riparian shrub layer lining the smaller creeks but on the larger streams may be largely non-treed. The ground layer contains a dense sward of grasses, herbs and sedges often associated with creeks or river margins.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus rubida

Eucalyptus camphora ssp. humeana Eucalyptus stellulata

CandlebarkMountain Swamp-gum Black Sallee


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 3 10% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSLarge Herb 4 10% LHMedium Herb 12 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:15 m/0.1

ha.

EVC 40: Montane Riparian Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Leptospermum grandifolium Mountain Tea-treeMS Baeckea gunniana Alpine BaeckeaMS Leptospermum myrtifolium Myrtle Tea-treeMS Pimelea axiflora Bootlace BushSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaSS Leucopogon hookeri Mountain Beard-heathSS Epacris microphylla s.l. Coral HeathLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerLH Veronica gracilis Slender SpeedwellLH Senecio hispidulus Rough FireweedMH Asperula pusilla Alpine WoodruffMH Asperula gunnii Mountain WoodruffMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Ranunculus amphitrichus Small River ButtercupSH r Gratiola nana Matted BrooklimeSH Scleranthus biflorus s.l. Twin-flower KnawelLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLTG r Scirpus polystachyus Large-head Club-sedgeLTG Juncus gregiflorus Green RushLTG Carex longebrachiata Bergalia TussockMTG Carex gaudichaudiana Fen SedgeMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Lachnagrostis aemula s.l. Leafy Blown-grassMTG Carex blakei Alpine SedgeMNG Isolepis crassiuscula Alpine Club-sedgeMNG Baumea gunnii Slender Twig-sedgeMNG Baloskion australe Mountain Cord-rushMNG Luzula campestris spp. agg. Field WoodrushGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Blechnum minus Soft Water-fern

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highwww.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 41: Montane Riparian Thicket

Description:Closed shrubland to 8 m tall, often occurring as a narrow, linear strip along montane streams. The overstorey tree stratum is usually absent (although emergents may occur), often occurring only as overhang from adjacent Montane Damp Forest.Occurs in montane and sub-alpine areas, often within Montane Damp Forest along drainage lines, streams with gentle gradientsand in soaks at the heads of gullies on south-facing aspects. The waterlogged soils are colluviums or alluviums rich in organic matter. The understorey consists of shade-tolerant shrubs and ferns. Sedges, grasses and herbs form a sparse but diverse ground layer.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name50% Leptospermum grandifoliumAcacia melanoxylon Acacia dealbata

Mountain Tea-treeBlackwood Silver

Understorey: Life form Medium

#Spp4

%Cover10%

LF codeMSMedium Herb 4 5% MH

Small or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGGround Fern 5 35% GFTree Fern 1 1% TRFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Currant-bush

MS Tasmannia lanceolata Mountain PepperMS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bushMS Epacris breviflora Drumstick HeathLH Epilobium gunnianum Gunn's Willow-herbMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Gratiola peruviana Austral BrooklimeMH Australina pusilla ssp. muelleri Shade NettleSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Deyeuxia brachyathera Short Bent-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grassGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fernTRF Todea barbara Austral King-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

EVC 41: Montane Riparian Thicket Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:5 m/0.1 ha (note: large log class does not apply)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 43: Sub-alpine Woodland

Description:Grows on a wide range of geologies and aspects, in the higher altitudinal levels above 1200 m. Rainfall is relatively high and snow may persist for long periods over winter. Soils are generally skeletal sandy clay loams with a rich humus topsoil layer. A low, open woodland to 10 m tall dominated by Snow Gum Eucalyptus pauciflora, with the understorey variously consisting of a rich suite of grasses and herbs, or a dense layer of woody shrubs, depending on soil fertility.


DBH(cm)40 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus paucifloraEucalyptus pauciflora ssp. niphophila

Snow GumAlpine Sally


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 4 20% MSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 10 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 20% MTGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT



MS Coprosma hirtella Rough CoprosmaMS Lomatia myricoides River LomatiaMS Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry PanaxMS Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Prickly Bush-peaPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaLH Lobelia gibbosa s.s. Tall LobeliaLH Derwentia derwentiana Derwent SpeedwellMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Viola betonicifolia ssp. betonicifolia Showy VioletMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Gonocarpus montanus Mat RaspwortSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaLTG Lomandra longifolia ssp. exilis Cluster-headed Mat-rushLTG Deyeuxia frigida Forest Bent-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common WoodrushMTG Poa hothamensis var. hothamensis Ledge GrassMTG Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

EVC 43: Sub-alpine Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

high




For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186www.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest

Description:Occurs on ridges and exposed slopes in association moister forests on moderately fertile soils and at a range of elevations. The overstorey is a medium eucalypt forest to 25 m tall over an understorey characterised by a distinctive middle strata dominated by a diversity of narrow-leaved shrubs and a paucity of ferns, graminoids and herbs in the ground stratum.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus macrorhyncha

Eucalyptus ovata Eucalyptus obliqua

Red StringybarkSwamp Gum Messmate StringybarkNarrow-leaf


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 5 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSMedium Herb 8 15% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 15% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 3 15% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code


Common NameManuka

MS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Prickly Bush-peaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Viola hederacea sensu Entwisle (1996) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedge

LNG

Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grass

MNG

Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassM

NGMicrolaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

GF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

EVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.


Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactSS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high high






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest

Description:Valley Grassy Forest occurs under moderate rainfall regimes of 700-800 mm per annum on fertile well-drained colluvial or alluvial soils on gently undulating lower slopes and valley floors. Open forest to 25 m tall may carry a variety of eucalypts, usually species which prefer more moist or more fertile conditions over a sparse shrub cover. In season, a rich array of herbs, lilies, grasses and sedges dominate the ground layer but at the drier end of the spectrum the ground layer may be sparse and slightly less diverse, but with the moisture-loving species still remaining.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 70 cm 20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name20% Eucalyptus rubida

Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Eucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus obliqua

CandlebarkNarrow-leaf Peppermint Yellow BoxMessmate


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 6 10% MSSmall Shrub 5 5% SSProstrate Shrub 3 5% PSLarge Herb 3 1% LHMedium Herb 16 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 12 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:20 m/0.1

ha.

EVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Tetratheca pilosa Hairy Pink-bellsSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryPS Boronia nana var. hyssopifolia Dwarf BoroniaLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Ajuga australis Austral BugleMH Euchiton collinus s.s. Creeping CudweedMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoilSH Galium propinquum Maori BedstrawLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLTG Lomandra longifolia ssp. exilis Cluster-headed Mat-rushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common WoodrushMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar high highMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high

high LH Hypericum perforatum St John's Worthigh high

MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high

low MH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernelhigh low

MH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMNG Aira elegantissima Delicate Hair-grass high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 48: Heathy Woodland

Description:Spans a variety of geologies but is generally associated with nutrient-poor soils including deep uniform sands (aeolian or outwash) and Tertiary sand/clay which has been altered to form quartzite gravel. Eucalypt-dominated low woodland to 10 m tall lacking a secondary tree layer and generally supporting a diverse array of narrow or ericoid-leaved shrubs except where frequent fire has reduced this to a dense cover of bracken. Geophytes and annuals can be quite common but the ground cover is normally fairly sparse.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus dives Broad-leaved

PeppermintUnderstorey:

Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITMedium Shrub 7 40% MSSmall Shrub 6 20% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSMedium Herb 4 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C


EVC 48: Heathy Woodland Highlands - Northern Fall bioregionLF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common Name

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Monotoca scoparia Prickly Broom-heathMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaSS Dillwynia sericea s.l. Showy Parrot-peaMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland

Description:An open, eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall. Occupies on well drained, fertile soils on flat or gently undulating plains at low elevations in areas with >600 mm annual rainfall. The understorey consists of a few sparse shrubs over a species-rich grassy and herbaceous ground layer characterised by summer-growing grasses.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name10% Eucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus melliodora

River Red GumYellow Box


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 3 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 12 45% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameGolden Wattle

MS Acacia paradoxa Hedge WattleMS Acacia acinacea s.l. Gold-dust WattleMS Bursaria spinosa Sweet BursariaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelMH Chrysocephalum apiculatum s.l. Common EverlastingMH Acaena echinata Sheep's BurrMH Eryngium ovinum Blue DevilSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Austrostipa spp. Spear-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-grassMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grassMTG Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grass

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass


EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn high

high LH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistlehigh high LH Sonchus

oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low LHPlantago lanceolata Ribwort highhigh

MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 56: Floodplain Riparian Woodland

Description:An open woodland to 20 m tall usually dominated by Red Gum Eucalyptus spp. over a medium to tall shrub layer with a ground layer consisting of amphibious and aquatic herbs and sedges. Occurs along the banks and floodplains of the larger meandering rivers and major creeks, often in conjunction with one or more floodplain wetland communities. Elevation and rainfall arerelatively low and soils are fertile alluviums subject to periodic flooding and inundation.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 6 15% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 4 10% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



MS Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Tree VioletMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-

grassLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Juncus amabilis Hollow RushMTG Cyperus lhotskyanus Creeping Flat-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenEP Muellerina eucalyptoides Creeping Mistletoe

Recruitment:

Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 10 years.

EVC 56: Floodplain Riparian Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionLogs:

30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine low highT Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn low highMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highMS Ulex europaeus Gorse low highMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high highLH Foeniculum vulgare Fennel high

high LH Verbena bonariensis s.l. Purple-top Verbena high highLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Rumex crispus Curled Dock high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high

low LH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972)Black Nightshade high low

LH Silybum marianum Variegated Thistle high highLH Rorippa palustris Marsh Yellow-cress high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel high highMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover high

low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high lowSH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover high

low SH Polygonum aviculare s.l. Prostrate Knotweed high lowSH Callitriche stagnalis Common Starwort high highLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Lolium multiflorum Italian Rye-grass high lowMTG Cyperus eragrostis Drain Flat-sedge high

high MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceusSoft Brome high low

MTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Critesion murinum Barley-grass high lowMTG Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass high lowMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high lowMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high highMNG Paspalum distichum Water Couch high highSC Galium aparine Cleavers high lowSC Vicia sativa Common Vetch high low



Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 59: Riparian Thicket

Description:Dense thickets of Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigerum to 6 m tall with occasional emergent eucalypts that occur on broad beds of small streams or on regular flooded terraces of large streams and rivers. Ground layer is dominated by a number of ferns, tree-ferns and sedges.


Name50% Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-tree


codeMedium Shrub 8 30% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code


Common NameCommon Heath

MS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Rosemary EverlastingMS Kunzea ericoides BurganSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Acacia brownii Heath WattlePS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedLH Epilobium pallidiflorum Showy Willow-herbMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall Sedge

LNG

Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassL

NGGahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedge

MTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Lepidosperma filiforme Common Rapier-sedge

MNG

Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassM

NGMicrolaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

MNG

Baumea tetragona Square Twig-sedgeGF Gleichenia dicarpa Pouched Coral-fernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum minus Soft Water-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry


EVC 59: Riparian ThicketHighlands – Northern Fall bioregion



Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Salix cinerea Grey Sallow high highT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine high highMS Prunus cerasifera Cherry Plum high highMS Cotoneaster pannosus Velvet Cotoneaster high highMS Erica lusitanica Spanish Heath high

high SS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberryhigh high

LH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Black Nightshade high low MH Lotus suaveolens Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil high

highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high lowSH Callitriche stagnalis Common Starwort high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high






Highlands Northern Fall bioregionEVC 68: Creekline Grassy Woodland

Description:Eucalypt-dominated woodland to 15 m tall with occasional scattered shrub layer over a mostly grassy/sedgy to herbaceous ground-layer. Occurs on low-gradient ephemeral to intermittent drainage lines, typically on fertile colluvial/alluvial soils, on a wide range of suitably fertile geological substrates. These minor drainage lines can include a range of graminoid and herbaceous species tolerant of waterlogged soils, and are presumed to have sometimes resembled a linear wetland or system of interconnected small ponds.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstroey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 4 10% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 9 15% MHSmall Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 15 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 68: Creekline Grassy Woodland – Highlands Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Acacia pycnantha Golden WattleMS Melaleuca parvistaminea Rough-barked Haoney-myrtleMS Acacia retinodes var. retinodes WilrildaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Senecio quadridentatus Cottony FireweedMH Centipeda cunninghamii Common SneezeweedMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortSH Dichondra repens KidneyweedLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-grassMTG Juncus spp. RushMTG Cyperus spp. Flat-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high lowMH Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear high lowMH Galium murale Small Goosegrass high lowMH Oxalis pes-caprae Soursob high highLTG Juncus acutus Spiny Rush high highLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high low MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome high low MNG Aira elegantissima Delicate Hair-grass high lowMNG Vulpia muralis Wall Fescue high lowMNG Bromus madritensis Madrid Brome high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007

© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007

This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.


For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186

This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 72: Granitic Hills Woodland

Description:Mainly restricted to granite rocky outcrops and structurally consists of a low woodland to 10 m high with the dominant trees often being stunted.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus nortoniiEucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus goniocalyx

Silver BundyRed Stringybark Bundy


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 4 20% MSSmall Shrub 3 20% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 11 20% MHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF CodeT


Common NameDrooping Sheoak

MS Calytrix tetragona Common Fringe-myrtleMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS R r Grevillea jephcottii Green GrevilleaMS Acacia verniciflua Varnish WattleSS Micromyrtus ciliata Heath-myrtleSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Dillwynia sericea s.l. Showy Parrot-peaLH Stackhousia viminea Slender StackhousiaLH Derwentia perfoliata Digger's SpeedwellMH Euchiton collinus s.s. Creeping CudweedMH Drosera peltata Pale SundewMH Daucus glochidiatus Australian CarrotMH Gonocarpus elatus Tall RaspwortMTG Dichelachne sieberiana Rough Plume-grassMTG r Poa sieberiana var. cyanophylla Blue-leaf Tussock-grassMTG Juncus bufonius Toad RushMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Cheilanthes sieberi ssp. sieberi Narrow Rock-fern


EVC 72: Granitic Hills Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMNG Aira spp. Hair Grass high lowUnd Vulpia spp. Fescue high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 82: Riverine Escarpment Scrub

Description:Shrubland to 10 m tall with occasional emergent eucalypts. Occurs on shallow colluvial soils along rocky cliffs and slopes associated with rivers and creeks and may extend onto alluvial terraces. Characterised by a dense medium to tall shrub layer over a ground layer which can range from low to high diversity and consist of a variety of graminoids and herbs. Ferns can often be a major component of the ground stratum.


Name30% Acacia melanoxylonPomaderris aspera Acacia dealbata

BlackwoodHazel Pomaderris Silver Wattle

Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Shrub

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITMedium Shrub 8 30% MS

Small Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 12 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 4 15% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code



MS Lomatia myricoides River LomatiaMS Leptospermum brevipes Slender Tea-treeMS Kunzea ericoides BurganSS Leucopogon hookeri Mountain Beard-heathPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Epilobium billardierianum ssp. hydrophilum Robust Willow-herbLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Ajuga australis Austral BugleMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lily

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fern


EVC 82: Riverine Escarpment Scrub Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:5 m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar high highMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high highMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland

Description:Woodland to 15 m tall generally occupying low energy streams of the foothills and plains. The lower strata are variously locally dominated by a range of large and medium shrub species on the stream levees in combination with large tussock grasses and sedges in the ground layer.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha10 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name20% Eucalyptus camphora ssp. humeana

Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Mountain Swamp-gumNarrow-leaf


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 15% TMedium Shrub 5 10% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 5 30% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGGround Fern 4 10% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Epacris breviflora Drumstick HeathSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleLH Mentha laxiflora Forest MintLH Epilobium gunnianum Gunn's Willow-herbLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Asperula scoparia Prickly WoodruffSH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hypericum japonicum Matted St John's WortSH Gonocarpus micranthus ssp. micranthus Creeping RaspwortSH Hydrocotyle tripartita Slender PennywortLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Eleocharis gracilis Slender Spike-sedgeMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Blechnum minus Soft Water-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fern


Organic Litter:20 % coverwww.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest

Description:A low, open forest to 15 m tall with a sedgy/grassy understorey with a component of small ericoid shrubs and grass-trees. Soil and moisture factors are critical in delimiting the vegetation.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus melliodoraEucalyptus goniocalyx s.l.Eucalyptus macrorhyncha

Yellow BoxBundyRed Stringybark


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 7 15% MSSmall Shrub 5 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 20% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest Highlands - Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Daviesia leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-peaMS Cassinia arcuata Drooping CassiniaSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Grey Parrot-peaSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Leptorhynchos tenuifolius Wiry ButtonsMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Scented SundewSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine low

high MS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberryhigh high

LH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

high






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 169: Dry Valley Forest

Description:Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall occurring along minor gullies, ephemeral streams and river flats. The overstorey may contain a range of eucalypts typical of drier environments over an understorey of scattered shrubs and a notably mossy herb-rich groundcover.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus macrorhyncha

Eucalyptus cypellocarpaRed StringybarkMountain Grey-gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 15% TMedium Shrub 9 30% MSSmall Shrub 3 10% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 4 5% LHMedium Herb 11 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 169: Dry Valley Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Olearia argophylla Musk Daisy-bushT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Pimelea axiflora Bootlace BushMS Olearia phlogopappa Dusty Daisy-bushMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Goodia lotifolia Golden TipSS Tetratheca pilosa Hairy Pink-bellsSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Olearia megalophylla Large-leaf Daisy-bushLH Stypandra glauca Nodding Blue-lilyLH Chrysocephalum semipapposum Clustered EverlastingMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaSH Chiloglottis gunnii s.l. Common Bird-orchidLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Deyeuxia frigida Forest Bent-grassMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Libertia pulchella Pretty Grass-flagMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fernGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007

© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007

This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.



This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 175: Grassy Woodland

Description:A variable open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall over a diverse ground layer of grasses and herbs. The shrub component is usually sparse. It occurs on sites with moderate fertility on gentle slopes or undulating hills on a range of geologies.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Allocasuarina spp.

70 cm40 cm

15 / ha


Eucalyptus rubidaEucalyptus mannifera ssp. mannifera Allocasuarina verticillata

Broad-leaved PeppermintCandlebark Brittle Gum Drooping


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 3 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 5 10% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 8 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 2 1% GFScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF CodeT



MS Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Prickly Bush-peaMS Pomaderris velutina Velvet PomaderrisMS Brachyloma daphnoides Daphne HeathSS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaLH Derwentia perfoliata Digger's SpeedwellLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellLH Chrysocephalum semipapposum Clustered EverlastingMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillMH Crassula sieberiana ssp. sieberiana Sieber CrassulaMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Daucus glochidiatus Australian CarrotSH Crassula sieberiana Sieber CrassulaLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common WoodrushMTG Lepidosperma laterale var. laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grass

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Cheilanthes sieberi ssp. sieberi Narrow Rock-fernGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea

EVC 175: Grassy Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Verbascum virgatum Twiggy Mullein high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel high

high MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centauryhigh low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 185: Perched Boggy Shrubland

Description:Dense shrubland to 3 m tall over a ground layer of herbs, sedges and often abundant Sphagnum moss occupying valleys on granitic massif plateaus at 400-600 m asl in areas with more than 900 mm annual rainfall. It occurs on all aspects of very gentle slopes above drainage lines or across hillsides between drainage lines. Soils are extremely saturated sandy clay, which may be associated with an impermeable clay layer or an hydrological phenomenon creating a soak or spring effect.

Life forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 6 50% MS

Large Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 4 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 30% BL

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Tea-tree

MS Acacia pravissima Ovens WattleMS Baeckea utilis s.s. Mountain BaeckeaMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-

berryLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaMH Centella cordifolia CentellaMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Gonocarpus micranthus ssp. micranthus Creeping RaspwortLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLTG Juncus procerus Tall RushLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Juncus pauciflorus Loose-flower RushMTG Luzula meridionalis Common WoodrushMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-

sedgeMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

GF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fern

Recruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:

20 % cover


SS L

Rubus ulmifolius Sonchus

BlackberryCommon Sow-thistle

high h

high low

EVC 185: Perched Boggy Shrubland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 191: Riparian Scrub

Description:A dense shrubland to 6 m tall growing on waterlogged substrates often with a peaty surface horizon. Emergent eucalypts may be occasionally present. The understorey typically consists of sedges tolerant of seasonal waterlogging. Occurs along creeks and minor stream tributaries.


Name60% Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-tree

Understorey: Life form Medium

#Spp3

%Cover10%

LF codeMSLarge Herb 4 10% LH

Medium Herb 8 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 20% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLScrambler/Climber 1 5% SC

LF Code



MS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-

sorrelSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-

grassLTG Carex tereticaulis Hollow SedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassSC Gleichenia microphylla Scrambling Coral-

fern

Recruitment:

Continuous


EVC 191: Riparian ScrubHighlands - Northern Fall bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low

LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome high

low MTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

high MNG Cynosurus echinatus Rough Dog's-tailhigh low




For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186www.dse.vic.gov.au


Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 201: Shrubby Wet Forest

Description:Tall eucalypt forest to 30 m tall with scattered understorey trees over a tall broad-leaved shrubby understorey and a moist, shaded, fern-rich ground layer that is usually dominated by tree-ferns. Herbs may also be abundant where light penetrates the ground layer.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus delegatensis ssp. delegatensis

Eucalyptus obliquaAlpine AshMessmate Stringybark


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 7 25% MSSmall Shrub 3 10% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT



MS Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry PanaxMS Coprosma hirtella Rough CoprosmaMS Daviesia ulicifolia Gorse Bitter-peaMS Olearia phlogopappa Dusty Daisy-bushSS Leucopogon hookeri Mountain Beard-heathSS Ozothamnus thyrsoideus Sticky EverlastingSS Olearia megalophylla Large-leaf Daisy-bushSS Olearia erubescens Moth Daisy-bushLH Senecio linearifolius Fireweed GroundselLH Derwentia derwentiana Derwent SpeedwellLH Arthropodium milleflorum s.l. Pale Vanilla-lilyMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Lomandra longifolia ssp. exilis Cluster-headed Mat-rushLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common WoodrushMTG Deyeuxia monticola var. monticola Mountain Bent-grass

MNG

Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fern


EVC 201: Shrubby Wet Forest Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 206: Sub-alpine Grassland

Description:Occurs primarily in areas at altitudes of around 1200 m above sea level. Structurally and floristically this EVC is dominated by grasses. Any shrubs present tend to be small and cryptic. The fertile and highly organic soils which are generally derived from granodiorite provide a suitable substrate for a lush cover of grasses and herbs, many specific to montane/sub-alpine environments. Snow persists for several months over winter. Species richness is low, indicative of the harsh environment.

Life Forms: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp1

%Cover5%


Prostrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 11 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameAlpine Baeckea

SS Grevillea australis Alpine GrevilleaSS Leucopogon hookeri Mountain Beard-

heathSS Hovea montana Alpine Rusty-podsPS Pimelea alpina Alpine Rice-flowerMH Asperula gunnii Mountain WoodruffMH Celmisia asteliifolia spp. agg. Silver DaisyMH Leptorhynchos squamatus Scaly ButtonsMH Craspedia glauca spp. agg. Common Billy-

buttonsSH Scleranthus biflorus s.l. Twin-flower KnawelSH Gonocarpus micranthus ssp. micranthus Creeping RaspwortSH Cotula alpina Alpine CotulaMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-

sedgeMTG Poa fawcettiae Horny Snow-grassMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Poa costiniana Bog Snow-grassMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-

rushR

ecruitment:Continuous

Organic Litter:

10% Cover


MHMH SH

Acetosella vulgarisHypochoeris radicata Trifolium repens var. repens

Sheep SorrelCat's Ear White Clover

highhigh

hig

highlow high

EVC 206: Sub-alpine Grassland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 207: Montane Grassy Shrubland

Description:A shrubland, sometimes with emergent eucalypts to 15 m tall over a ground layer dominated by grasses and forbs. It occurs on dry and exposed steep, rocky mid to upper slopes at montane elevations. Soils are shallow, dark brown stony loams to clay loams.+ eucalypt woodland on ly components (ignore when assessing shrublands and standardise site condition score as required)

Large trees+:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 50 cm 15 /

haTree Canopy Cover:

%cover Character Species Common Name10% Eucalyptus pauciflora

Eucalyptus rubidaSnow GumCandlebark


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree+ 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 20% TMallee Tree 1 1% MTMedium Shrub 6 20% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 9 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

EVC 207: Montane Grassy Shrubland Highlands - Northern Fall bioregionLF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common Name

T Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Brachyloma daphnoides Daphne HeathMS Hymenanthera dentata Tree VioletMS Grevillea lanigera Woolly GrevilleaMS Daviesia mimosoides ssp. mimosoides Blunt-leaf Bitter-peaLH Chrysocephalum semipapposum Clustered EverlastingLH Senecio linearifolius Fireweed GroundselLH Wahlenbergia luteola Bronze BluebellMH Galium gaudichaudii Rough BedstrawMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortSH Crassula sieberiana Australian StonecropMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Poa phillipsiana Blue Snow-grassMTG Poa costiniana Bog Snow-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace Fern



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar high highSS Rubus laciniatus Cut-leaf Bramble high

high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low MH Trifolium arvense

var. arvense Hare’s-foot Clover high low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 210: Sub-alpine Wet Heathland

Description:Virtually treeless and characterised by a dense layer of low heathy shrubs to 2 m tall, with a number of sedges and rushes in the understorey. Occurs at elevations above 1000 m, in soaks or along small streams. Rainfall is generally greater than 1000 mm per annum, and during winter, this EVC can tolerate long periods of snow cover and low temperature. Deep, peaty, sodden soils are usually covered by a layer of sphagnum moss.

Life forms: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp6

%Cover30%


Large Herb 5 5% LHMedium Herb 10 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 15% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code


Common NameSmall-fruit Hakea

MS Comesperma retusum Mountain MilkwortMS Olearia glandulosa Swamp Daisy-bushMS Leptospermum myrtifolium Myrtle Tea-treeSS r Pultenaea fasciculata Alpine Bush-peaSS Epacris microphylla s.l. Coral HeathLH Senecio hispidulus Rough FireweedLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Veronica gracilis Slender SpeedwellLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-

herbMH Gratiola peruviana Austral BrooklimeMH Brachyscome scapigera Tufted DaisyMH Lagenophora gracilis Slender Bottle-daisyMH Craspedia glauca spp. agg. Common Billy-

buttonsSH Hypericum japonicum Matted St John's WortSH Hydrocotyle tripartita Slender Pennywort

SH Isotoma fluviatilis ssp. australis Swamp IsotomeSH Gonocarpus micranthus ssp. micranthus Creeping RaspwortLTG Juncus sarophorus Broom RushLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassMTG Austrodanthonia laevis Smooth Wallaby-

grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Luzula meridionalis Common WoodrushMTG Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-

rushMNG Baloskion australe Mountain Cord-rushMNG r Juncus falcatus Sickle-leaf RushMNG Eleocharis gracilis Slender Spike-

sedgeR

ecruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:

10% cover

EVC 210: Sub-alpine Wet Heathland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionWeediness:

LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high

high MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowSH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Festuca rubra Red Fescue high high






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 318: Montane Swamp

Description:Forms in drainage-lines on wet alluviums at montane and sub-montane elevations where annual rainfall is in the order of 650- 750 mm. The vegetation is virtually treeless but occasional eucalypt emergents may be present. Characterised by an open shrub layer and a ground layer with a diversity of sedges, grasses, herbs and ferns.

Life Forms: Life


Small Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 3 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 15% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 40% BL

LF Code


Common Name

MS Leptospermum myrtifolium Myrtle Tea-treeMS Epacris breviflora Drumstick HeathMS Hakea microcarpa Small-fruit HakeaSS Epacris microphylla s.l. Coral HeathMH Asperula conferta Common WoodruffSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-

sedgeMTG Isolepis subtilissima Club-sedgeMTG Festuca asperula Graceful FescueMTG Poa costiniana Prickly Snow-grassMNG Baloskion australe Mountain Cord-

rushMNG Baumea gunnii Slender Twig-sedgeMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushGF Blechnum penna-marina ssp. alpina Alpine Water-fern

Recruitment:

Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:

10% cover

Weediness:LF Code

MHTypical Weed SpeciesHypochoeris radicata

Common NameCat's Ear

Invasivehigh

Impactlow

EVC 318: Montane Swamp Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 319: Montane Herb-rich Woodland

Description:Occurs on southern and eastern-facing slopes or in protected gullies at elevations of around 1000 m above sea level, and receives a high rainfall of almost 1110 mm per annum. It is subject to cold air drainage, which influences the species mix. A mixture of eucalypts to 25 m tall forms the overstorey, with Silver Wattle abundant below. The shrub layer is neither diverse nor dense. The ground layer carries a diversity of herbs, graminoids and grasses. Climbers are commonly present.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Eucalyptus delegatensis ssp. delegatensisNarrow-leaf PeppermintAlpine Ash

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 6 15% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 5 10% LHMedium Herb 12 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 8 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 319: Montane Herb-rich Woodland Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Notelaea ligustrina Privet Mock-oliveMS Coprosma hirtella Rough CoprosmaMS Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Prickly Bush-peaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Exocarpos strictus Pale-fruit BallartSS Olearia erubescens Moth Daisy-bushSS Leucopogon hookeri Mountain Beard-heathSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaLH Wahlenbergia stricta Tall BluebellLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herbLH Picris angustifolia Native PicrisLH Derwentia derwentiana Derwent SpeedwellMH Ranunculus plebeius s.l. Forest/Hairy ButtercupMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Asperula scoparia Prickly WoodruffMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted PratiaSH Leptinella filicula Mountain CotulaSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Poa helmsii Tall Mountain Tussock-grassLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernSC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low SH Trifolium repens var. repensWhite Cloverhigh low






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 702.61: Limestone Montane Grassland

Description:Occurs on Silurian limestone at montane elevations around 1000 m above sea level. Structurally and floristically an open grassland with scattered, isolated patches of shrubs over a ground layer dominated by herbs and grasses.

Life Forms: Life


Small Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 11 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameAlpine Daisy-bush

MS Rr Discaria pubescens Hairy Anchor PlantMS Exocarpos strictus Pale-fruit BallartPS Muehlenbeckia axillaris Matted LignumLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillMH Asperula conferta Common WoodruffMH Daucus glochidiatus Australian CarrotMH Vv Thesium australe Austral Toad-flaxSH Scleranthus diander Tufted KnawelSH k Desmodium varians Slender Tick-trefoilMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG v Poa hookeri Hooker’s Tussock-

grassMTG Poa sieberiana var. hirtella Grey Tussock-grassMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-

sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernGF r Asplenium trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens Common Spleenwort

Recruitment:Co

ntinuous

Organic Litter:10%

Cover

Weediness: LF Code

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMNGLH LH MH

Aira caryophylleaVerbascum virgatum Cirsium vulgare Hypochoeris radicata

Silvery Hair-grassTwiggy Mullein Spear Thistle Cat's Ear

highhigh high hig

highhigh high low

EVC 702.61: Limestone Montane Grassland Highlands - Northern Fall bioregion






Highlands – Northern Fall bioregionEVC 702.62: Montane Grassland

Description:Occurs primarily in areas at altitudes of around 700 to 1000 m above sea level. Structurally and floristically this EVC is dominated by grasses. The fertile and highly organic soils which are generally derived from Quaternary alluvial flats provide a suitable substrate for a lush cover of grasses and herbs.

Life Forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeProstrate Shrub 1 1% PS

Large Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 11 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

90%

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NamePS Wilsonia rotundifolia Round-leaf WilsoniaLH Chrysocephalum apiculatum s.l. Common

EverlastingLH Wahlenbergia luteola Bronze BluebellMH Acaena agnipila Hairy Sheep’s BurrMH Goodenia pinnatifida Cut-leaf GoodeniaMH Leptorhynchos squamatus Scaly ButtonsMH Cynoglossum suaveolens Sweet Hound’s-

tongueSH Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoilMTG Austrodanthonia penicillata Slender Wallaby-

grassMTG Austrostipa scabra ssp. scabra Rough Spear-grassMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-

grassMTG Carex inversa Knob Sedge

Recruitment:Co

ntinuous

Organic Litter:10%

Cover


MHMH SH

Acetosella vulgarisHypochoeris radicata Trifolium repens var. repens

Sheep SorrelCat's Ear White Clover

highhigh

hig

highlow high

EVC 702.62: Montane Grassland Highlands - Northern Fall bioregion






Highlands Northern Fall Bioregion

EVC 937: Swampy WoodlandDescription:Open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with ground-layer dominated by tussock grasses and/or sedges and often rich in herbs. Occurs on poorly drained, seasonally waterlogged heavy soils, primarily on swamp deposits but extending to suitable substrates within some landscapes of sedimentary origin.

Large Trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 60 cm 15 / ha


Eucalyptus camphora subsp. humeana Eucalyptus ovata

Narrow-leaf Peppermint Mountain Swamp-gum Swamp Gum

Understorey: Lifeform #Spp %Cover LF CodeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium ShrubSmall Shrub Large Herb Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-Tufted GraminoidMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid Ground Fern

1 5% T4 20% MS2 5% SS2 10% LH5 10% MH2 5% SH2 10% LTG1 10% LNG3 10% MTG2 5% MNG2 10% GF

Bryophytes/Lichens 20% BL

Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark

EVC 937: Swampy Woodland

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp PaperbarkMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerLH Pterostylis longifolia s.l. Tall GreenhoodLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedMH Centella cordifolia CentellaMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Gratiola peruviana Austral BrooklimeMH Mazus pumilio Swamp MazusSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern

Recruitment:Continuous.


Logs:15 m/0.1ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high high SC Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high high LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Allium triquetrum Three-corner Garlic high high MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high high

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2009© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson St, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002.


This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss, of other consequences which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au

EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Web viewCommon Rice-flower. SS. Lissanthe strigosa...

Documents

Transcript of EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Web viewCommon Rice-flower. SS. Lissanthe strigosa...