EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT OF NORTH AMERICA. Guiding Question 1 Why did people settle in the British North...
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EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT OF
NORTH AMERICA
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Guiding Question 1
Why did people settle in the British North American colonies?
Did people come for primarily economic concerns or for religious/idealistic motivations?
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American Colonies at the
End of the Seventeenth
Century
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Virginia Company, Charter,
1606
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Chesapeake Chesapeake BayBay
& &
JamestownJamestown
Chesapeake Chesapeake BayBay
& &
JamestownJamestown
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Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement (Computer Generated)(Computer Generated)Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement (Computer Generated)(Computer Generated)
Settlement of Virginia• Virginia Company• Jamestown• John Smith• John Rolfe• Tobacco• “starving time”
• House of Burgesses• indentured servants• headright system
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Early Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial Tobacco
16181618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco.
16221622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco.
16271627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco.
16291629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.
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Tobacco Prices
1618-1710
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Life in Early Virginia, 1620-1670s
• “plantations”• society• economy• quality of life• religion?
River Plantations in Virginia, c. 1640
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1717thth Century Population Century Populationin the Chesapeakein the Chesapeake
1717thth Century Population Century Populationin the Chesapeakein the Chesapeake
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Reasons for Slavery
• Decrease in indentured servants– English economy
• Increase in availability of slaves – end of Royal African company monopoly– Decrease in price
• Fears of growing number of landless freemen• Available supply from Caribbean
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Population of Chesapeake Population of Chesapeake Colonies: 1610-1750Colonies: 1610-1750
Population of Chesapeake Population of Chesapeake Colonies: 1610-1750Colonies: 1610-1750
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The Atlantic Slave Trade
“middle passage”
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Slave Colonies of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
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The Chesapeake
Colonies in the Seventeenth
Century
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Deep South
• Carolina (1682)
• Georgia (1738)
• rice• indigo
The West Indies and Carolina in the Seventeenth Century
IndigoIndigo
RiceRice
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Spread of Settlement:
British Colonies,
1650–1700
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NEW ENGLAND
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American Colonies at the
End of the Seventeenth
Century
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English Migration, 1610-1660
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Plymouth
• Separatists• “Pilgrims”• Plymouth• Mayflower Compact
Mayflower II
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Massachusetts Bay
• Puritans• Great
Migration• “City upon a
hill”
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New England• towns• town meetings• church• Education• “Old Satan
Deluder” Act (1647)• Harvard College
(1636)
• merchants
Land Division in Sudbury, MA: 1639-1656
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Population of the New England
Colonies
Population of the New England
Colonies
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New England Colonies,
1650
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MIDDLE COLONIES
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Colonies in Eastern North
America
1650
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New York• New Netherland (1613) –
Who? Why?• Patroonships >>>
• New York (1664)
• society • economy
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Pennsylvania• William Penn• Quakers• society• economy• Indian relations
Royal Land Grant to PennRoyal Land Grant to Penn
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Middle Colonies,
1685
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Area of English
settlement by 1700
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American Colonies at the
End of the Seventeenth
Century
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Britain's American Empire, 1713