European Higher Education in a Global Setting · x Erasmus Mundus Global Promotion Project Lot 1:...
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European Higher Education in a Global Setting A Strategy
Transcript of European Higher Education in a Global Setting · x Erasmus Mundus Global Promotion Project Lot 1:...
European Higher Education in a Global SettingA Strategy
1
European Higher Education in a Global Setting. A Strategy for the External Dimension of the Bologna Process.
1. Introduction
The Bologna Declaration (1999) sets out “the objective of increasing the international competitiveness of the European system of higher education” and points out the need “to ensure that the European higher education system acquires a world-wide degree of attraction”, a goal which has been further pursued in the Ministerial Meetings of Prague, Berlin and, in particular, Bergen. This has also been an important issue in a European Union context, as reflected in the European Council Conclusions of Lisbon (2000) and Barcelona (2002). In the Bergen Communiqué (2005), the Ministers described the *European Higher Education Area (EHEA) as a partner to higher education systems in other regions of the world, stimulating balanced student and staff exchange and cooperation between institutions of higher education. They also asked the Bologna Follow-up Group (BFUG) to elaborate and agree on a strategy for the External Dimension of the Bologna Process.
In many parts of the world, ‘the European reform model’ has created considerable interest. It has a strong – and growing – appeal in other parts of the world, as described in Professor Pavel Zgaga’s report on the External Dimension of the Bologna Process. In some countries, it has even been debated if ‘Bologna’ or Bologna-like reforms should be adopted in the context of domestic higher education reform processes, and whether ‘Bologna’ should be used to establish convergence at a regional (supranational) level. The Bologna Process has also stimulated a discussion between European and international partners about mutual recognition of qualifications. All this suggests that the Bologna Process is already helping to enhance the attractiveness of Europe as a destination for students and scholars from other parts of the world.
It is important for Europe to use this momentum and to respond to the global interest in its reforms by formulating and agreeing on a strategy for the External Dimension of the Bologna Process. This reconfirms the timeliness of the Ministers’ request in Bergen for the development of a Strategy for the External Dimension. The present paper is a response to that request. It proposes key elements for a Strategy which takes both competitiveness and cooperation into account, identifying guiding principles of the Bologna Process and five core policy areas. The idea is that all actors at the European, national and institutional levels need to pursue the strategy together. These policy areas (Improving Information on the EHEA; Promoting European Higher Education to enhance its world-wide attractiveness and competitiveness; Strengthening Cooperation based on Partnership; Intensifying Policy Dialogue; and Furthering Recognition of Qualifications) are described in Section 3 of this document.
ELEM
ENTS
FO
R P
OSS
IBLE
FU
TUR
E A
CTI
ON
S A
ctio
n D
escr
iptio
n Po
ssib
le m
ode
of d
eliv
ery
Exis
ting
Initi
ativ
es/ w
ork
in
prog
ress
3.1
Impr
ovin
g in
form
atio
n on
the
EHEA
O
ffici
al in
form
atio
n le
afle
t on
the
Bol
ogna
Pro
cess
A
con
cise
des
crip
tion
of th
e ke
y po
ints
in th
e B
olog
na P
roce
ss in
wid
ely
spok
en
lang
uage
s, in
clud
ing
non-
Eur
opea
n la
ngua
ges
Upd
atin
g/ tr
ansl
atin
g of
exi
stin
g in
form
atio
n m
ater
ials
by
Bol
ogna
S
ecre
taria
t with
par
tner
s
EU
A B
olog
na L
eafle
t and
H
andb
ook
Web
-bas
ed in
form
atio
n on
the
Bol
ogna
Pro
cess
fo
r an
inte
rnat
iona
l au
dien
ce
An
exte
nsio
n of
the
offic
ial B
olog
na w
ebsi
te
Bol
ogna
Sec
reta
riat w
ith p
artn
ers
Cur
rent
Bol
ogna
web
site
m
aint
aine
d by
the
Bol
ogna
S
ecre
taria
t. S
ee a
lso
web
site
s m
anag
ed b
y th
e E
urop
ean
Com
mis
sion
, the
Cou
ncil
of
Eur
ope,
EU
A, E
NIC
-NA
RIC
, E
SIB
and
oth
ers
Bol
ogna
Info
rmat
ion
Poin
ts
A s
et o
f Bol
ogna
info
rmat
ion
poin
ts in
maj
or
partn
er re
gion
s an
d co
untri
es
Dis
sem
inat
ion
of B
olog
na
Info
rmat
ion
via
HE
info
rmat
ion
poin
ts o
f Bol
ogna
Mem
ber
Cou
ntrie
s
3.2
Prom
otin
g Eu
rope
an H
ighe
r Edu
catio
n to
enh
ance
its
wor
ld-w
ide
attr
activ
enes
s an
d co
mpe
titiv
enes
sD
esig
natio
n of
nat
iona
l hi
gher
edu
catio
n pr
omot
ion
orga
nisa
tions
Coo
rdin
atin
g ef
forts
for t
he w
orld
-wid
e pr
omot
ion
of th
e co
untry
’s h
ighe
r edu
catio
n sy
stem
and
inst
itutio
ns
Nat
iona
l min
istri
es d
esig
nate
an
appr
opria
te o
rgan
isat
ion
Som
e B
olog
na c
ount
ries
alre
ady
have
suc
h st
ruct
ures
Eur
opea
n hi
gher
ed
ucat
ion
porta
l E
urop
ean
plat
form
link
ing
and
build
ing
on
exis
ting
web
site
s an
d in
clud
ing
an in
vent
ory
of E
urop
ean
‘flag
ship
pro
duct
s’ s
uch
as jo
int
and
doub
le d
egre
e pr
ogra
mm
es,
prog
ram
mes
taug
ht in
wid
ely
spok
en
lang
uage
s, a
nd m
ajor
Eur
opea
n an
d na
tiona
l sc
hola
rshi
p pr
ogra
mm
es
Col
lect
ive
exam
inat
ion
of o
ptio
ns fo
r de
velo
ping
and
impl
emen
ting
the
porta
l by
Eur
opea
n C
omm
issi
on,
natio
nal m
inis
tries
(exp
ress
ion
of
inte
rest
from
Gre
ece)
, nat
iona
l pr
omot
ion
orga
nisa
tions
, and
key
ac
adem
ic s
take
hold
er b
odie
s
E
rasm
us M
undu
s G
loba
l Pr
omot
ion
Pro
ject
Lot
1:
“Stu
dy in
Eur
ope”
web
site
fo
r int
erna
tiona
l stu
dent
s (li
nks
with
key
Eur
opea
n,
natio
nal a
nd in
stitu
tion
web
site
s)
P
lote
us s
tudy
opp
ortu
nitie
s w
ebsi
te (u
nder
pinn
ed b
y E
urog
uida
nce
netw
ork)
Act
ion
Des
crip
tion
Poss
ible
mod
e of
del
iver
y Ex
istin
g In
itiat
ives
/ wor
k in
pr
ogre
ss
Eur
opea
n R
esea
rche
r M
obili
ty P
orta
l
Eur
opea
n H
E F
airs
w
ebsi
te
EU
RE
S e
mpl
oym
ent p
orta
l
natio
nal p
rom
otio
n or
gani
satio
n w
ebsi
tes
W
ebsi
tes
of H
E In
stitu
tions
Info
rmat
ion
and
prom
otio
nal t
ools
In
form
atio
n an
d pr
omot
iona
l too
ls p
rodu
ced
at in
stitu
tiona
l, na
tiona
l and
Eur
opea
n le
vel,
in w
idel
y sp
oken
lang
uage
s
Nat
iona
l pro
mot
ion
orga
nisa
tions
H
E in
stitu
tions
and
net
wor
ks
Eur
opea
n C
omm
issi
on
E
xist
ing
tool
s pr
oduc
ed b
y H
E in
stitu
tions
and
na
tiona
l pro
mot
ion
orga
nisa
tions
Era
smus
Mun
dus
Glo
bal
Prom
otio
n P
roje
ct L
ot 5
: In
form
atio
n an
d pr
omot
ion
tool
s an
d m
ater
ials
Eur
opea
n hi
gher
ed
ucat
ion
fairs
, med
ia
cam
paig
ns a
nd b
rand
ing
Eur
opea
n hi
gher
edu
catio
n fa
irs in
maj
or n
on-
EH
EA
cou
ntrie
s, a
ccom
pani
ed b
y m
edia
ca
mpa
igns
for E
urop
ean
high
er e
duca
tion,
pr
efer
ably
bas
ed o
n a
‘Eur
opea
n hi
gher
ed
ucat
ion
bran
d’ w
hich
is to
be
deve
lope
d
Nat
iona
l pro
mot
ion
orga
nisa
tions
H
E in
stitu
tions
and
net
wor
ks
Eur
opea
n C
omm
issi
on
O
rgan
isat
ion
of F
airs
: o
E
urop
ean
HE
Fairs
in
Asi
a (fu
nded
via
E
urop
ean
Com
mis
sion
–
Asi
a-lin
k)
o
Eur
opea
n H
E Fa
irs in
R
ussi
a an
d B
razi
l (E
rasm
us M
undu
s G
loba
l Pro
mot
ion
Pro
ject
Lot
4)
o
natio
nal p
rom
otio
n or
gani
satio
ns
Pa
rtici
patio
n in
Fai
rs:
o
HE
inst
itutio
ns
o
natio
nal p
rom
otio
n or
gani
satio
ns
Act
ion
Des
crip
tion
Poss
ible
mod
e of
del
iver
y Ex
istin
g In
itiat
ives
/ wor
k in
pr
ogre
sso
E
urop
ean
Com
mis
sion
)
Dev
elop
men
t of E
urop
ean
bran
d: E
rasm
us M
undu
s G
loba
l Pro
mot
ion
Pro
ject
Lo
t 1
E
urop
ean
med
ia
cam
paig
ns: E
rasm
us
Mun
dus
Glo
bal P
rom
otio
n P
roje
ct L
ot 5
Net
wor
k of
‘Bol
ogna
pr
omot
ers’
and
Eur
opea
n ed
ucat
ion
advi
sers
Pro
gres
sive
dev
elop
men
t of a
wor
ld-w
ide
Net
wor
k of
‘Bol
ogna
Pro
mot
ers’
and
E
urop
ean
educ
atio
n ad
vise
rs
Del
iver
y m
ode
to b
e de
term
ined
in
the
light
of f
easi
bilit
y st
udie
s an
d pi
lot p
roje
cts
E
urop
ean
Edu
catio
n A
dvis
er N
etw
ork:
Era
smus
M
undu
s A
ctio
n 4
proj
ect
“Pro
mot
ing
Eur
opea
n H
E
thro
ugh
Eur
opea
n E
duca
tion
Adv
iser
N
etw
ork”
E
rasm
us M
undu
s G
loba
l Pr
omot
ion
Pro
ject
Lot
2
(feas
ibili
ty s
tudy
for
Eur
opea
n In
form
atio
n O
ffice
s; fe
asib
ility
stu
dy
and
pilo
t pro
ject
Mex
ico
for
Eur
opea
n E
duca
tion
Adv
iser
s)
3.3
Stre
ngth
enin
g co
oper
atio
n ba
sed
on p
artn
ersh
ip
Hig
her e
duca
tion
cons
ortia
S
treng
then
ing
esta
blis
hed
and
crea
ting
new
co
nsor
tia o
f ins
titut
ions
of h
ighe
r edu
catio
n an
d s
take
hold
er o
rgan
isat
ions
in th
e E
HE
A
and
non-
EH
EA
cou
ntrie
s to
enc
oura
ge
syst
emat
ic a
nd in
tegr
ated
coo
pera
tion
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd fu
ndin
g ag
enci
es
Hig
her e
duca
tion
inst
itutio
ns’ a
nd
orga
nisa
tions
’ ini
tiativ
es
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd
fund
ing
agen
cies
H
ighe
r edu
catio
n in
stitu
tions
’ an
d or
gani
satio
ns’ i
nitia
tives
Jo
int s
tudy
pro
gram
mes
P
rogr
amm
es d
evel
oped
join
tly b
y H
E
EU
Pro
gram
mes
E
U P
rogr
amm
es
Act
ion
Des
crip
tion
Poss
ible
mod
e of
del
iver
y Ex
istin
g In
itiat
ives
/ wor
k in
pr
ogre
ssin
stitu
tions
in E
urop
e an
d ot
her w
orld
regi
ons,
co
mpr
isin
g in
tegr
ated
mob
ility
phas
es in
pa
rtner
cou
ntrie
s
Nat
iona
l pro
gram
mes
and
fund
ing
agen
cies
H
ighe
r edu
catio
n in
stitu
tions
’ and
or
gani
satio
ns’ i
nitia
tives
Nat
iona
l pro
gram
mes
and
fu
ndin
g ag
enci
es
Hig
her e
duca
tion
inst
itutio
ns’
and
orga
nisa
tions
’ ini
tiativ
es
Mea
sure
s ai
med
at
inst
itutio
nal d
evel
opm
ent
and
capa
city
bui
ldin
g,
Suc
h m
easu
res
shou
ld in
clud
e hu
man
re
sour
ce d
evel
opm
ent a
nd c
urric
ulum
de
velo
pmen
t, es
peci
ally
with
a v
iew
to
deve
lopm
ent c
oope
ratio
n
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd fu
ndin
g ag
enci
es
Hig
her e
duca
tion
inst
itutio
ns’ a
nd
orga
nisa
tions
’ ini
tiativ
es
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd
fund
ing
agen
cies
H
ighe
r edu
catio
n in
stitu
tions
’ an
d or
gani
satio
ns’ i
nitia
tives
M
obili
ty p
rogr
amm
es
betw
een
EH
EA
and
non
-E
HE
A c
ount
ries
Suc
h pr
ogra
mm
es s
houl
d no
rmal
ly a
im a
t ac
hiev
ing
the
mos
t bal
ance
d ex
chan
ges
poss
ible
, bas
ed o
n a
revi
ew o
f exi
stin
g pr
ogra
mm
es a
nd o
n be
st p
ract
ice,
incl
udin
g th
e po
ssib
le p
oolin
g of
cur
rent
EU
pr
ogra
mm
es o
r nat
iona
l fun
ding
mec
hani
sms
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd fu
ndin
g ag
enci
es
Hig
her e
duca
tion
inst
itutio
ns’ a
nd
orga
nisa
tions
’ ini
tiativ
es
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd
fund
ing
agen
cies
H
ighe
r edu
catio
n in
stitu
tions
’ an
d or
gani
satio
ns’ i
nitia
tives
Fore
ign
lang
uage
le
arni
ng
Initi
ativ
es fo
r enh
anci
ng E
urop
ean
com
pete
nce
in a
wid
e ra
nge
of la
ngua
ges
spok
en b
y ou
r par
tner
s w
orld
-wid
e
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd fu
ndin
g ag
enci
es
Hig
her e
duca
tion
inst
itutio
ns’ a
nd
orga
nisa
tions
’ ini
tiativ
es
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd
fund
ing
agen
cies
H
ighe
r edu
catio
n in
stitu
tions
’ an
d or
gani
satio
ns’ i
nitia
tives
Jo
int r
esea
rch
activ
ities
S
uch
activ
ities
sho
uld
incl
ude
the
poss
ibili
ty
of jo
int r
esea
rch-
base
d de
gree
pro
gram
mes
E
U P
rogr
amm
es
Nat
iona
l pro
gram
mes
and
fund
ing
agen
cies
H
ighe
r edu
catio
n in
stitu
tions
’ and
or
gani
satio
ns’ i
nitia
tives
EU
Pro
gram
mes
N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es a
nd
fund
ing
agen
cies
H
ighe
r edu
catio
n in
stitu
tions
’ an
d or
gani
satio
ns’ i
nitia
tives
3.4
Inte
nsify
ing
polic
y di
alog
ue
Cre
atio
n of
a h
ighe
r ed
ucat
ion
polic
y fo
rum
A
n um
brel
la fo
r mee
tings
, wor
ksho
ps a
nd
sem
inar
s in
volv
ing
repr
esen
tativ
es o
f EH
EA
an
d no
n-E
HE
A g
over
nmen
ts, a
s w
ell a
s hi
gher
edu
catio
n st
akeh
olde
rs
To b
e fa
cilit
ated
via
gov
ernm
enta
l an
d or
gani
satio
nal i
nitia
tives
and
pr
ogra
mm
es w
ith e
quiv
alen
t pa
rtner
s in
oth
er re
gion
s
Pol
icy
dial
ogue
initi
ativ
es o
f C
ounc
il of
Eur
ope,
E
NIC
/NA
RIC
, EN
QA
, ESI
B,
EU
, EU
A, E
UR
AS
HE
, U
NES
CO
(Glo
bal f
orum
) etc
. B
olog
na v
isits
for
inte
rnat
iona
l par
ticip
ants
Fu
ndin
g to
ena
ble
parti
cipa
tion
from
oth
er
parts
of t
he w
orld
in s
elec
ted
Bol
ogna
-rel
ated
co
nfer
ence
s an
d se
min
ars
in E
urop
e
To b
e fa
cilit
ated
by
the
resp
ectiv
e or
gani
sers
of c
onfe
renc
es a
nd
sem
inar
s
Som
e B
olog
na C
ount
ries
and
partn
ers
in th
e B
olog
na
Pro
cess
hav
e al
read
y pr
ovid
ed
Act
ion
Des
crip
tion
Poss
ible
mod
e of
del
iver
y Ex
istin
g In
itiat
ives
/ wor
k in
pr
ogre
ssfu
ndin
g.
Bol
ogna
con
sulta
tion
and
advi
ce
Adv
isor
y se
rvic
e fo
r non
-EH
EA
cou
ntrie
s co
nsid
erin
g th
e in
trodu
ctio
n of
Bol
ogna
(or
Bol
ogna
-like
) mea
sure
s
Pro
visi
on o
f exp
ertis
e by
in
divi
dual
Bol
ogna
Cou
ntrie
s an
d pa
rtner
s in
the
Bol
ogna
Pro
cess
Indi
vidu
al B
olog
na C
ount
ries
and
partn
ers
in th
e B
olog
na
Pro
cess
hav
e al
read
y pr
ovid
ed
expe
rtise
.
3.5
Furt
herin
g re
cogn
ition
of q
ualif
icat
ions
P
rom
otin
g un
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tand
ing
of th
e ov
erar
chin
g fra
mew
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of th
e E
HE
A
in o
ther
par
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f the
wor
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A
ll B
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take
hold
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and
thei
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tern
atio
nal p
artn
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EN
IC-N
AR
IC N
etw
orks
, in
coop
erat
ion
with
sim
ilar s
truct
ures
in
othe
r reg
ions
EN
IC-N
AR
IC N
etw
orks
; EN
IC-
NA
RIC
web
site
A
CA
, EA
IE, E
UA
and
Nat
iona
l R
ecto
rs’ C
onfe
renc
es
Pro
mot
ing
coop
erat
ion
betw
een
the
EN
IC a
nd
NA
RIC
Net
wor
ks a
nd
netw
orks
from
oth
er
regi
ons
Inte
nsifi
ed c
oope
ratio
n in
par
ticul
ar w
ith a
vi
ew to
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f a c
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on
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
reco
gniti
on c
riter
ia,
proc
edur
es a
nd p
ract
ices
UN
ES
CO
-CEP
ES
, the
Cou
ncil
of
Eur
ope
and
the
Eur
opea
n C
omm
issi
on
ME
RIC
Net
wor
k (M
edite
rran
ean
Rec
ogni
tion
Cen
tres)
Rev
isio
n of
oth
er
regi
onal
reco
gniti
on
conv
entio
ns
U
NE
SC
O in
coo
pera
tion
with
the
Cou
ncil
of E
urop
e
Elec
troni
c an
d ot
her
info
rmat
ion
Dev
elop
men
t of e
lect
roni
c an
d ot
her
info
rmat
ion
ENIC
and
NAR
IC N
etw
orks
E
NIC
-NAR
IC w
eb s
ite
Pro
mot
ion
of u
se a
nd
com
patib
ility
of E
urop
ean
tool
s
Enc
oura
ging
the
use
of s
uch
tool
s as
the
Eur
opea
n C
redi
t Tra
nsfe
r Sys
tem
and
the
Dip
lom
a S
uppl
emen
t out
side
Eur
ope,
and
the
com
patib
ility
of t
hese
tool
s w
ith s
imila
r in
stru
men
ts u
sed
in o
ther
par
ts o
f the
wor
ld,
in o
rder
to in
crea
se th
e tra
nspa
renc
y of
qu
alifi
catio
ns w
orld
-wid
e
All
Bol
ogna
sta
keho
lder
s an
d th
eir
inte
rnat
iona
l par
tner
s
Enha
ncin
g re
adab
ility
of
natio
nal q
ualit
y as
sess
men
t doc
umen
ts
and
deci
sion
s
Tran
slat
ing
the
rele
vant
text
s in
to la
ngua
ges
that
are
wid
ely
spok
en a
cros
s E
urop
e an
d in
ot
her p
arts
of t
he w
orld
Nat
iona
l min
istri
es a
nd
orga
nisa
tions
S
ever
al la
ngua
ge v
ersi
ons
of
som
e of
the
rele
vant
do
cum
ents
are
ava
ilabl
e on
th
e E
urop
a w
eb s
ite
Inte
nsify
ing
coop
erat
ion
This
wor
k sh
ould
focu
s in
par
ticul
ar o
n is
sues
C
oope
ratio
n be
twee
n th
e E
rasm
us M
undu
s G
loba
l
Act
ion
Des
crip
tion
Poss
ible
mod
e of
del
iver
y Ex
istin
g In
itiat
ives
/ wor
k in
pr
ogre
ssre
gard
ing
qual
ity
prov
isio
n of
Cro
ss-
Bor
der E
duca
tion
rela
ting
to th
e aw
ard
of q
ualif
icat
ions
und
er
bord
erle
ss h
ighe
r edu
catio
n ar
rang
emen
ts
ENIC
/NAR
IC N
etw
orks
and
ne
twor
ks in
oth
er re
gion
s on
the
basi
s of
the
OE
CD
/UN
ES
CO
G
uide
lines
on
Qua
lity
Pro
visi
on o
f C
ross
-Bor
der E
duca
tion
Feas
ibili
ty s
tudi
es la
unch
ed b
y in
tere
sted
sta
keho
lder
s at
E
urop
ean,
nat
iona
l or i
nstit
utio
nal
leve
l
Pro
mot
ion
Pro
ject
Lot
2
(feas
ibili
ty s
tudy
for
trans
natio
nal h
ighe
r edu
catio
n in
clud
ing
offs
hore
cam
puse
s)
Published by:Norwegian Ministry of Education and Researchhttp://www.regjeringen.no
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Publication code: F - 4240 E
Printed by: Government Administration Services - 10/2007 - 300
