European Explorers Spanish Conquistadors and French, English, and Dutch Explorers in the New World.
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Transcript of European Explorers Spanish Conquistadors and French, English, and Dutch Explorers in the New World.
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European European ExplorersExplorersEuropean European ExplorersExplorers
Spanish Conquistadors and French, Spanish Conquistadors and French, English, and Dutch Explorers in the English, and Dutch Explorers in the
New WorldNew World
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F.O.A. (Bellwork)
What words come to your mind when you see this picture? Give me legitimate answers.
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F.O.A. (Bellwork)
What words come to mind when you see this photo? Give me legitimate answers.
![Page 4: European Explorers Spanish Conquistadors and French, English, and Dutch Explorers in the New World.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649ee05503460f94bf0aae/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Know the difference!! • CONQUISTADOR
A CONQUEROR WHO IS LOOKING FOR GLORY AND GOLD
• EXPLORER PERSON
EXPLORING THE LAND TO ALLOW OTHERS TO SETTLE AND CONQUER
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1st conquest… Moctezuma and the
Aztecs!! • Conqueror- Cortes• How long did it take- two times• Spanish conqueror, Cortes, causes
the Aztec empire to FALL!!
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Aztec Empire
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Cortes
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2nd conquest… Atahualpa and the
Incas!!• Conqueror- Francisco Pizarro• 1532 Pizarro captured the leader,
Atahualpa, and executed him. • Without their leader the empire
COLLAPSED!!
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Inca Empire
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Dudes
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Why were the Spanish so successful?
• Spanish had the BEST military equipment!!
• The Native Americans were frightened of the Spanish horses that were brought over during the Columbian Exchange.
• Many of the Native Americans were killed by European diseases.
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3 More Spanish EXPLORERS!!
• Ponce de Leon searched all of Florida looking for the Fountain of Youth that would keep him forever young.
• De Soto and Coronado
• 1539-1542 De Soto explored Florida looking for gold… instead found the MISSISSIPPI River
• Coronado searched all of the Southwest part of North America looking for the “7 cities of gold”
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Result of the Conquistadors and
Explorers from Spain• PERMANENT SPANISH SETTLEMENTS!!! • 3 TYPES
– Pueblos- towns where farming and trading was at the center
– Presidios- forts where soldiers lived– Missions- Religious settlements run
by Catholic priests and friars
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The Four Social Classes of New Spain
• 1. Peninsulares- Held the highest jobs in the governments and the churches. Owned large pieces of land, and LOTS of gold and silver.
• 2. Creoles- People born in the Americas to Spanish parents. Many were wealthy and well educated. Owned farms and ranches. Taught at universities, and practiced law.
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Social Classes Continued
• 3. Mestizos- Mixed Spanish and Indian background. Worked on farms and ranches owned by Peninsulares and Creoles. In the cities they worked as carpenters, shoemakers, tailors, and bakers.
• 4. Indians- the lowest class. Treated as conquered people.
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Encomienda System• Allowed settlers to tax the Indians
or make them work.– In exchange, the Spanish were
supposed to protect them
• This actually led to Indians being enslaved– Growth of the African slave trade– Had immunity to European diseases– Middle Passage and African Diaspora
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INTRODUCING… The French, English, and Dutch
Explorers
• John Cabot- English- searched for the Northwest Passage – Water route connecting Pacific & Atlantic
Oceans
• Jacques Cartier - French- traveled more than halfway up the St. Lawrence river searching for the Northwest Passage
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French, English, and Dutch continued…
• Henry Hudson - Dutch (1) English (2)- Searched for the Northwest Passage… instead discovered the Hudson Bay in upstate New York
• English explorers wanted to get a charter– Permission to start a colony
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Causes and Effects of the Exploration of the
Americas• CAUSES• Europeans want more
goods from Asia. • Europeans look for a
sea route to Asia.• Rulers of European
nations look for ways to become more wealthy
• Columbus finds America!!
• EFFECTS• Spain builds an empire
in the Americas • English, French, and
Dutch set up colonies in North America
• Millions of Native Americans die from European diseases
• Slave traders bring enslaved Africans to the Americas
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Leading to…. • EUROPEAN COLONIZATION IN
NORTH AMERICA!!! The discovery of these colonies in North America caused the Europeans to begin thinking that there was a place where they could have religious freedom and not be so restricted on who they worshipped and how!!
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• Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation– Broke away from the Catholic Church– Aided by the printing press
• Henry the Eighth of England– Church of England (Anglican Church)