European Cities and Regions of the Future 2016

Where will your investment take you?

fDi Magazine has launched fDi On Location, a video series exploring investment destinations worldwide.

Our editorial team goes on the ground to investigate the locations attracting the attention of multinationals. Why do companies decide to locate or expand there? What are the sectors with the most potential? What are foreign investors’ views on the location?

Watch our latest fDi On Location videos herewww.fDiIntelligence.com/onlocation

A publication from the Financial Times

February/March 2016 www.fDiIntelligence.com 1

CONTENTS

EurOpEaNCiTiESaNdrEgiONSOfThEfuTurE2016/17

02An introduction to fDi’s rankings and the tables showing the top 25 cities and regions.

EurOpEaNCiTiESOfThEfuTurE2016/17:wiNNErS

04The leading cities in Europe for FDI are ranked by European zone, and by major, large, mid-sized, smalland micro cities.

EurOpEaNCiTiESOfThEfuTurE2016/17:fdiSTraTEgy

16 fDi assesses and ranks the cities of Europe by their policies and actions when it comes to attracting andretaining investment.

EurOpEaNrEgiONSOfThEfuTurE2016/17:wiNNErS

22Europe’s leading regions when it comes to attracting investment are ranked by European zone, as well asaccording to size: large, mid-sized and small.

EurOpEaNrEgiONSOfThEfuTurE2016/17:fdiSTraTEgy

32The regions of Europe are judged by fDi staff and contributors and ranked by their strategy to attractforeign investment.

ENgliShlEpS

36Local enterprise partnerships replaced the regional development agencies in England in 2011. fDi ranksthem on how they have performed in the past five years.

mEThOdOlOgy

40An explanation of the methods behind the fDi European Cities and Regions of the Future 2016/17ranking.

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www.fDiIntelligence.com February/March 2016

fDi’s EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE 2016/17 RANKING PROVIDES ANINVALUABLE BENCHMARK FOR ASSESSING THE CONTINENT’S INVESTMENT LANDSCAPE. AS INPREVIOUS RANKINGS, NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE DOMINATE, BUT THE GOOD NEWSSTORIES – PARTICULARLY IN OUR FDI STRATEGY SECTIONS – ARE SPREAD FAR AND WIDE

European Cities andRegions of theFuture 2016/17Winners

INTRODUCTIONEUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONSOF THE FUTURE 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 london uK2 Paris France3 dublin ireland4 Frankfurt germany5 munich germany6 Zurich switzerland7 Amsterdam netherlands8 stockholm sweden9 luxembourg luxembourg10 Cambridge Uk11 Helsinki Finland12 moscow russia13 geneva switzerland14 düsseldorf germany15 Copenhagen denmark16 eindhoven netherlands17 stuttgart germany18 espoo Finland19 basel switzerland20 berlin germany21 reading Uk22 istanbul turkey23 bucharest romania24 Aberdeen Uk25 Hamburg germany

tOP25 eUrOPeAn Cities OF tHe FUtUre 2016/17:OverAll

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 north Rhine-Westphalia Germany2 Île-de-France France3 south east england Uk4 baden-Württemberg germany5 dublin region ireland6 Canton of Zug switzerland7 bavaria germany8 Central Federal district russia9 scotland Uk10 Uusimaa Finland11 stockholm County sweden12 east of england Uk13 Hesse germany14 Canton of Zurich switzerland15 noord-Holland netherlands16 Oslo County norway17 region Hovedstaden denmark18 Canton of geneva switzerland19 north West england Uk20 south West england Uk21 Prague region Czech republic22 brabant netherlands23 Catalonia spain24 Flanders belgium25 Hamburg state germany

tOP25 eUrOPeAn regiOns OF tHe FUtUre2016/17: OverAll

intrOdUCtiOneUrOPeAn Cities And regiOnsOF tHe FUtUre 2016/17

“as the leadinG econoMic locationinGerManywithMarket potentialfor innovation in europe,we areaMaGnet for internationalinvestors. soMe 18,000international coMpanies arebased innorthrhine-westphalia– andweare ready forMore!”Garrelt duin, Ministerof econoMic affairs,enerGy and industry, northrhine-westphalia

3February/march 2016 www.fdiintelligence.com

reaching for the sky: projects such as the shard –the tallest building in europe – have helpedlondon stay top of the european cities of the future ranking

Germany’s north rhine-westphalia, hometo cities such as cologne (pictured)

CitiesWinnerseUrOPeAn Cities And regiOnsOF tHe FUtUre 2016/17

eUrOPe’s tAle OF tWO Fdi destinAtiOns sees lOndOn COme OUtOn tOP AgAin AmOng mAjOr Cities, WitH PAris in seCOnd AnddUblin in tHird. FUrtHer dOWn tHe rAnkings, HOWever, it isgermAn Cities tHAt imPress. CathyMullan rePOrts

London sees off Paristo keep top spot

4 www.fdiintelligence.com February/march 2016

L

Paris pipped

Germany’s growth

Dublin’s tech strength

Edinburgh:ALocAtionofchoicEEdinburgh gave a dominant performance in the2016/17 European Cities of the Future awards, rankingsecond overall in its category and top for businessfriendliness, as well as being named runner-up foreconomic potential and FDI strategy. Just what makesEdinburgh such a desirable place to do business?

Two-thousand and fifteen markedanother highly successful year forEdinburgh, with the city securing 40 for-eign direct investments – equivalent toone every nine days.

by far the most active sector was technol-ogy, with uS software giants Apple, bloombergand dell among the firms establishing them-selves in Edinburgh. other highly active sectorsincluded renewables – with german wind tur-bine firm deutsche Windtechnik and danishoffshore wind and wave developer floatingPower Plant both opening in Edinburgh – andfinancial services, with Manhattan-based bou-tique investment banks btig and cantorfitzgerald eachexpanding into the city.

the cavalcade of new arrivals came inwhat was a multi-record-breaking year for thecity. Edinburgh Airport reported its busiestever year, recordingmore than 11million pas-sengers, while the Edinburgh festival fringesold an unprecedented 2.3 million tickets.Standard Life investments pre-let 10,000square metres of space in Edinburgh’s largestoffice letting inmore than a decade, while Porthamilton – the headquarters of insurance andpensions giant Scottish Widows – was sold for£105m. Edinburgh is booming, and this suc-cess is whetting the interest ofmore andmoremultinationals.

OPEN FOR BUSINESSWhile being a compact, mid-sized city,Edinburgh offers businesses the amenities of afar larger city. companies trading in Edinburghhave ready access to a sophisticated suite ofcorporate finance products, a comprehensivenetwork of professional suppliers, and an inter-national airport servingmore than100destina-tions. Key operating costs compare favourablywith thoseof larger cities.

Within Edinburgh, businesses benefit froman impressive range of support, including thecity of Edinburgh council’s ‘soft landing’ ser-vice, a package of assistance for newly arrivedbusinesses that includes property searches,market research, practical relocation advice,and touchdown space in the city centre. thecouncil has also launched initiatives such asthe Edinburgh-Shenzhen creative incubator,

which offers free desk space and a package ofother support for creative enterprises from theburgeoning chinese mega-city of Shenzhenlooking to expand into Edinburgh.

TALENT MAGNETA key factor underpinning Edinburgh’s contin-ued attractiveness to inward investors is thecity’s skilledworkforce.over46%ofEdinburgh’sworkforce is degree educated –more than anyother city in theuK. in total,more than150,000working agegraduates live in Edinburgh.

thecity’s higher education institutions areat the heart of Edinburgh’s skills base. theuniversity of Edinburgh is the city’s oldest andlargest university, ranked the world’s 21st bestuniversity by QS and the 24th best by timeshigher Education. the city is also home toEdinburgh napier university, heriot-Wattuniversity, Queen Margaret universityEdinburgh, and themain campusof Scotland’srural college. these institutions award morethan 17,000 degrees each year, fuelling theengine of Edinburgh’s economy with a steadyflow of new talent.

Edinburgh is also home to Edinburghcollege, Scotland’s largest vocational college,along with numerous independent trainingacademies. Among the latter is codeclan, adedicated digital skills academy offeringintensive 16-week courses that equip stu-dents with coding skills and an industry-rec-ognised qualification.

in addition to its indigenous talent,Edinburgh’s skills base is supplemented by asteady stream of international migrants (morethan 12,000 in 2015). the city’s popularity as aplace to work stems from its renowned qualityof life. Key attractions of the city include itsstunning architecture (the city is home to twounescoWorld heritage Sites); compact layout(one-third of commuters walk or cycle towork); efficient public transport (Edinburghtrams was named ‘operator of the year’ at the2015 Light rail Awards); and excellent recrea-tion opportunities (the city boasts fourMichelin-starred restaurants).

YOUR NEXT MOVEfor businesses interested inmaking amove toEdinburgh, the city of Edinburgh council’sinvestor Support team is primed to offeradvice, support and access to finance, prem-ises and talent. for a confidential discussiononyour next move, please contact us using thedetails below.

t: + 44 (0) 131 529 6600E: [email protected]: www.investinedinburgh.com

“ovEr 46%of Edinburgh’SWorKforcE iS dEgrEEEducAtEd–MorE thAnAnyothErcity in thEuK”

Sponsored by

SpotlightonEdinburghAdvErtiSEmEntfEAturE



Outwardbound

0 500 1000 1500 2000

LONDON

PARIS

DUBLIN

MOSCOW

FRANKFURT

Source: fDi Markets

fiGure1 ToP five DesTinaTionCiTies, inwarD fDi beTween2010-2014

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

PARIS

MUNICH

LONDON

EINDHOVEN

STUTTGART

BERLIN

CAMBRIDGE

MILAN

HELSINKI

HAMBURG

Source: US Patent and Trademark Office

fiGure3 ToP 10 CiTies ineuroPe, PaTenT regisTraTion

fiGure2 inwarD invesTmenTseCTors in CoPenhagen,2003-2015

fiGure5 sofTware fDi inTo DubLin, 2010-2014

Capitalexpenditure$/

Num

berofjobs

2010 2011 2013 2014

Num

berofprojects

Source: fDi Markets

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

MUNICH

BONN

STUTTGART

BERLIN

HAMBURG

Source: fDi Markets

fiGure4 ToP five CiTies forouTwarD fDi from germany2010-augusT 2015

Brno:TheKnowledgeCiTyStrategically well placed at the heart of Europe,and boasting a young, educated population,the Czech city of Brno is using its impressiveknowledge economy to attract investors

Brno, the Czech Republic’s second big-gest city, lies at the heart of the SouthMoravian region. It borders Austria andSlovakia and it is strategically placedclose to the key cities of Prague, ViennaandBratislava.

Brno is a constantly developing metropo-lis, which many times in its history has provento have something to offer to the world. Sointernationally renownedwere its local textiles,that Brno was called the “MoravianManchester” in the 18th and 19th centuries.later, it became one of the great engineeringpowers, created the largest exhibition centre incentral europe and founded a respected tech-nical university. it was in Brno that gregorJohann Mendel came up with his laws ofgenetics, Viktor Kaplan invented his turbine,Kurt gödel began his logical reasoning andleos Janacek started hismusical pilgrimage.

The BRAIn gAInBrno is a city with great potential. A number ofuniversities – housing more than 80,000 stu-dents – ensures that it is a creative anddynamic city with a youthful spirit. Universitieswith a tradition in a number of fields overseeadvanced research, especially in the biologicaland medical sciences, as evidenced by thepresence of leading scientific research cen-

tres. whole chapters can be devoted to thelocal academic and research successes in iT,the life sciences, electron microscopy and,especially, cyber security and software devel-opment, where Brno has taken on the role of acourageous, successful and promising leaderwithin europe.

Foreign companies see the city and its sur-roundings as a region with prospects in whichit pays to invest. Several multinational con-cerns have established their developmentcentres and top production facilities there (forexample, Fei, honeywell, iBM and red hat).Brno assists incoming and current investors infinding locations and provides solutions basedon their individual requirements, utilising aperfect knowledge of the local environment.

The city actively co-operates in develop-ing its potential with regional institutions (the

South Moravian innovation Centre, theregionaldevelopmentAgencySouthMoravia,Czechinvest and the Brno regional Chamberof Commerce). it is working to ensure that theresults of innovative and daring projectsbecome a reality.

Brno is also helping with the creation ofnew centres and places to inspire fruitful ideasand goals, such as the europoint Brno projectfor modernization of the rail interchange, alarge ring road, the Czech Technology ParkBrno, the Brno Creative Centre, the JanacekCultural Centre and the Brno industrial Zone –Cernovice Terrace.

Knowledge eConoMyPart of Brno’s long-term strategic plan is thedevelopment of a knowledge economy,whichbrings with it economic development, animprovement in the quality of life, research,development, innovation andeducation. A keyword for Brno and South Moravia is ‘co-opera-tion’. Universities and scientists are on oneside, andcompanies andentrepreneurs areonthe other, and all of them are striving for closerconnections. As well as providing an excellentbackground for work, this sharing of experi-ence and information also brings with it anincrease in the competitiveness of the city, aswell as the region as awhole.

This is probably also a reason why moreand more investors are choosing Brno as ahome that offers everything necessary forthe harmonious combination of working suc-cess and a fulfilling personal life. everyonewho comes to the city in order to build some-thing is welcomed with open arms. evidenceof this is the constant effort to improve andperfect the region to meet the requirementsof the hectic and demanding pace of ourtimes. ease of movement within the region isguaranteed by the sophisticated transportsystem, thanks to which there is nowherethat its inhabitants cannot reach, at any time.everything is available – culture, monuments,national institutions, an international airport,services, sports and recreational areas. TheBrno expat Centre is available to help with theintegration of foreigners.

The current rankings of the respectednumbeo.com server has Brno as the city withthehighest quality of life in theCzechrepublic.on the worldwide rankings it is ahead of suchgiants as london, los Angeles and Brussels.we take pride in this but we are aware that wecannot rest on our laurels.

CityofBrno,[email protected]

“Brno iS A CiTywiThgreATPoTenTiAl. AnUMBeroFUniVerSiTieS –hoUSingMore ThAn80,000 STUdenTS– enSUreS ThAT iT iS ACreATiVe AnddynAMiC CiTywiThA yoUThFUl SPiriT”

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rANK city cOuNtry1 london Uk2 Paris France3 dublin ireland4 Amsterdam netherlands5 stockholm sweden6 Helsinki Finland7 moscow russia8 Copenhagen denmark9 berlin germany10 istanbul turkey

tOP10 major euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 london Uk2 Paris France3 Prague Czech republic4 stockholm sweden5 madrid spain6 moscow russia7 berlin germany8 Warsaw Poland9 Helsinki Finland10 istanbul turkey

tOP10 major euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – human CaPiTaL anDLifesTyLe

rANK city cOuNtry1 Paris France2 london Uk3 stockholm sweden4 Amsterdam netherlands5 Copenhagen denmark6 Helsinki Finland7 brussels belgium8 vienna Austria9 berlin germany10 barcelona spain

tOP10 major euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

rANK city cOuNtry1 london Uk2 Paris France3 dublin ireland4 Amsterdam netherlands5 Helsinki Finland6 moscow russia7 stockholm sweden8 istanbul turkey9 berlin germany10 milan italy

tOP10 major euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK city cOuNtry1 kiev Ukraine2 minsk belarus3 bucharest romania4 saint Petersburg russia5 Prague Czech republic6 Warsaw Poland7 budapest Hungary8 Ankara turkey9 moscow russia10 Athens greece

tOP10 major euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK city cOuNtry1 london Uk2 dublin ireland3 Paris France4 Warsaw Poland5 barcelona spain6 moscow russia7 bucharest romania8 istanbul turkey9 budapest Hungary10 Amsterdam netherlands

tOP10 major euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – business frienDLiness

winners: major european cities

“Many international businesseshave chosenGreater copenhaGenfor theirnordicheadquarters,and i hopeManyMorewill coMe –copenhaGencapacity is ready toassist all theway”claus lønborG, ceo, copenhaGencapacity


winners: by european zone

rANK city cOuNtry1 Paris France2 Frankfurt germany3 munich germany4 Zurich switzerland5 Amsterdam netherlands6 luxembourg luxembourg7 geneva switzerland8 düsseldorf germany9 eindhoven netherlands10 stuttgart germany

tOP10wesTern euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 moscow russia2 bucharest romania3 Warsaw Poland4 Prague Czech republic5 budapest Hungary6 bratislava slovakia7 Pilsen Czech republic8 Cluj-napoca romania9 Wrocław Poland10 brno Czech republic

tOP10 easTern euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 istanbul turkey2 madrid spain3 barcelona spain4 milan italy5 lisbon Portugal6 ljubljana slovenia7 rome italy8 Ankara turkey9 Zagreb Croatia10 bilbao spain

tOP10 souThern euroPean CiTies ofThe fuTure 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 london Uk2 dublin ireland3 stockholm sweden4 Cambridge Uk5 Helsinki Finland6 Copenhagen denmark7 espoo Finland8 reading Uk9 Aberdeen Uk10 limerick ireland

tOP10 norThern euroPean CiTies ofThe fuTure 2016/17

OfAllwesterNeurOPeANcities,luxeMbourGhad thehiGhestaveraGeannualrateofGdpGrowthsource: eurostat

sPOtliGhtONvrANjeADvertisemeNtfeAture

vranje, TheCiTyThaTkeePsPaCewiThTimeA geographically favourablelocation, investmentincentives and a skilledworkforce are attractinginvestors to vranje

Vranje stands out on the map of Serbiadue to its favourable geographic posi-tion. it is located near the newly constructedhighway on Corridor 10. if you travel toThessaloniki, the journey takes less than threehours. The same amount of time is needed toreach belgrade; you can get to skoplje in onehour, while trip to sophia takes two hours.

nevertheless, favourable geographic posi-tion isnot theonly thing thatmakesvranjediffer-ent fromother locations. This local self-adminis-tration is regarded as one of the most activeadministrations in serbia. The city has estab-lishedmany services supporting investors usingthe ‘all inone’principlewithsupportofpartners.

in order to attract new investors, the cityoffers a whole range of incentives positioningvranje within a group of cities with the mostaffordable costs of doing business.

a free zone of 1,160,000 square metreswith complete infrastructure is located only 5kilometres fromCorridor 10.

aworld-renownedcompany, geox, has builta factory invranje,whichprovesthat thecitypos-sesses a qualified workforce and it could meetthehighbusiness standardsofeach investor.

Ditre italia, a renowned furnituremanufac-turer, is preparing to build a factory in thevranjefree zone, while several other investors haveconfirmed investment intentions invranje.

Two shoppingmalls are expected to beginconstruction of their facilities.

Creating jobs is the priority, but greatattention is given to infrastructure invest-

ments: construction of a waste water treat-ment plant is going to start in 2016; a recyclingcentremain design has been developed.

The local economic development officehasbeenactivelypreparingprojects inco-oper-ationwith international organisations. about20projects with a total value of more than €2.5mwere implemented only during the past year.Projects also cover directmeasures andmech-anismsof support to employment.

nowadaysonecanhearenglish,french,anditalian spoken by people working in vranje formany years, while branded goods produced byhardworking employees in expert and qualitymanner, find their way to the foreign market.new investorshavealso found theirway towardsvranjeandrecognise itasaplacewhere investingisworthwhile, becausesuccess isguaranteed.

welcome to your new home!

CIty OF VRanJEkraLjamiLana 1, vranje, serbia

e-mail: [email protected]@vranje.org.rs

website: www.vranje.org.rs

Sponsored by


rANK city cOuNtry1 Frankfurt germany2 munich germany3 düsseldorf germany4 stuttgart germany5 Hamburg germany6 Oslo norway7 manchester Uk8 Cologne germany9 rotterdam netherlands10 glasgow Uk

tOP10 Large euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 Oslo norway2 munich germany3 Hamburg germany4 Zagreb Croatia5 dresden germany6 lyon France7 leipzig germany8 stuttgart germany9 Frankfurt germany10 Hannover germany

tOP10 Large euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – human CaPiTaL anDLifesTyLe

rANK city cOuNtry1 rotterdam netherlands2 Cologne germany3 Frankfurt germany4 Oslo norway5 manchester Uk6 düsseldorf germany7 lyon France8 Hamburg germany9 marseille France10 munich germany

tOP10 Large euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

rANK city cOuNtry1 Frankfurt germany2 munich germany3 düsseldorf germany4 stuttgart germany5 Hamburg germany6 Oslo norway7 Cologne germany8 Antwerp belgium9 manchester Uk10 glasgow Uk

tOP10 Large euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK city cOuNtry1 kharkiv Ukraine2 dnipropetrovsk Ukraine3 Odessa Ukraine4 sofia bulgaria5 samara russia6 tbilisi georgia7 riga latvia8 belgrade serbia9 nizhny novgorod russia10 kazan russia

tOP10 Large euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK city cOuNtry1 manchester Uk2 glasgow Uk3 Frankfurt germany4 munich germany5 birmingham Uk6 Oslo norway7 Hamburg germany8 leeds Uk9 düsseldorf germany10 kraków Poland

tOP10 Large euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – business frienDLiness

winners: Large european cities


frANKfurt,iNGermANy’shessestAte,has thehiGhest rateof expansionprojectsof anyGerMancity in the study source: fdiMarkets

FRANKFURT:INTERNATIONAL,DIVERSEANDWELL-CONNECTEDThe city of Frankfurt is one of thewinners in fDi’s lateststudy, ‘EuropeanCities of the Future’. fDi asked LordMayor Peter Feldmann andOliver Schwebel,managingdirector of Frankfurt EconomicDevelopment GmbH,how Frankfurt aims to sustain its prodigious growth

fDi: Congratulations! Frankfurt is one ofthe winners when it comes to attractinginvestors. What are the reasons for thisgreat development?Mayor Peter Feldmann: We offer a perfectbusiness environment for investors. Frankfurtis THE international city in Germany. It is easyto reach no matter which means of transpor-tation one chooses, due to its excellent infra-structure, regarding both mobility and trafficas well as the digital infrastructure and theeducational system. In addition, investors findan excellently trained workforce, attracted bythe job opportunities and the city’s numerousrecreational offerings. Frankfurt is a boomtown, spiralling upwards, with all positiveaspects interacting and thus strengtheningthe overall situation even more. New citizenspour into the city, almost 300 per week, thecity’s infrastructure is upgraded and extendedonacontinuousbasis. All this happenswithin aregion representing the quite considerableconsumption power of more than 5.5 millioninhabitants.

fDi: And how has this translated intosuccess in the FDI rankings?Mayor Peter Feldmann: FDI targetingFrankfurt used to be, and still are, excellent.Fundamentals have not changed, andFrankfurt slowly seems to become a hiddenchampion. The city, of course, profits fromGermany’s reputation of being a safe groundfor investments. Within Germany, at any givenpoint in time, we always had a top-rankingpositionwhen it comes to FDI.

fDi: Mipim – one of the biggest invest-ments fairs – is just around the corner.Will you be onsite and how do you get incontact with potential investors there?Managing Director Oliver Schwebel: Yes,of course, our city and the region FrankfurtRhine Maine will be present, displayed by anappropriate stand. We not only offer our guestsa superb atmosphere on our terrace with anocean view, we will bring along to CannesFrankfurt’s decisionmakers. Several politicians,administrationexperts, andmarketparticipants,

such as the lord mayor of Frankfurt, the city’sdirector forurbanplanning, theheadof theeco-nomics department as well as senior manage-ment of Frankfurt’s biggest real estate players. Iwill also join the delegation and will be onsite,too. You will also find information about thecity’s development projects and opportunitiesfor investments. Our stand concept appears tobe working quite well, because our region’sstand is a crowded place throughout thewholeduration of Mipim. The past years have shownthat international investors approach us withprecise andconceivable project proposals, theyknewexactlywho theywanted to talk to.

fDi: Frankfurt is relatively small sized.Can you offer enough space for greaterinvestments?Managing Director Oliver Schwebel: It istrue, Frankfurt is relatively small, but thismeanstravelling short distances, something which isappreciated. More back-up capacity can befound in the metropolitan Rhine Main regionadjacent to Frankfurt city limits. The demandfor newspace andareas continues to increase.In the future, land utilisation plans and expan-sions will be planned together with ourregional counterparts within an even closerco-operation. This process, of course, supportscompetition among investors, which in turnraises the quality of investment projects foundin Frankfurt. In order to keep our position thecity also develops integrated plans to assurespace for every requirement that needs to bemet in a healthy and life worthy city.

fDi: What is your strategy for attractingFDI besides showingFrankfurt aroundatExpoReal andMipim?Mayor Peter Feldmann:Webelieve the bestambassador to promote our city is a satisfiedcustomer. In addition, flagship investments andprojects such as the European Central Bank,our new airport city called Gateway Gardensand Terminal 3 of Frankfurt InternationalAirport by nature have their impact on futureinvestments. In Frankfurt,wecare tohaveclosecontacts to consulates and trade representa-tives and international business communities.These constituencies are excellent ambassa-dors for Frankfurt as well, transferring theirpositive experiences to their home countries.In addition, Frankfurt Rhine Main InternationalMarketing of the Region, our sister company,representsus internationallywithstaff assignedto countries we focus on. Considering theremarkableoverall situationof FDIs inFrankfurt,this direct approachworks successfully.

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SpotlightonFRAnKFURtAdveRtiSementFeAtURe


rANK city cOuNtry1 Zurich switzerland2 edinburgh Uk3 vilnius lithuania4 tallinn estonia5 bratislava slovakia6 Utrecht netherlands7 bristol Uk8 gothenburg sweden9 the Hague netherlands10 bonn germany

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean CiTies ofThe fuTure 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 Zurich switzerland2 edinburgh Uk3 bonn germany4 bristol Uk5 bratislava slovakia6 tallinn estonia7 vilnius lithuania8 Poznań Poland9 Wrocław Poland10 gothenburg sweden

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK city cOuNtry1 mykolaiv Ukraine2 Chișinău Moldova3 Zaporizhia Ukraine4 lviv Ukraine5 luhansk Ukraine6 sarajevo bosnia-Herzegovina7 kaliningrad russia8 vilnius lithuania9 Yaroslavl russia10 novorossiysk russia

tOP10miD-sizeD euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK city cOuNtry1 edinburgh Uk2 Zurich switzerland3 Wrocław Poland4 liverpool Uk5 Poznań Poland6 vilnius lithuania7 bristol Uk8 newcastle Uk9 Cardiff Uk10 tallinn estonia

tOP10miD-sizeD euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – business frienDLiness

rANK city cOuNtry1 Zurich switzerland2 bratislava slovakia3 Utrecht netherlands4 brno Czech republic5 gothenburg sweden6 edinburgh Uk7 vilnius lithuania8 toulouse France9 bristol Uk10 nuremberg germany

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean CiTies ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – human CaPiTaLanD LifesTyLe

rANK city cOuNtry1 the Hague netherlands2 Utrecht netherlands3 Zurich switzerland4 duisburg germany5 vilnius lithuania6 liverpool Uk7 sheffield Uk8 essen germany9 gothenburg sweden10 Aarhus denmark

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean CiTies ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

winners: mid-sized european cities


“thebusinessconditions inZurichcouldhardlybeMoreadvantaGeous. it is locatedattheheartofeurope. education,researchandtradehavealonGtradition,andareallathiGhlevelsby internationalcoMparison”corineMauch,Mayor, Zurich

Leicester is a place with big plans and even biggerambitions, where businesses can thrive and grow

You don’t have to travel very far aroundLeicester to feel the ambition in the air –both in how companies do business and howthe city works in partnership to explore what ispossible. Leicester City Council is taking thelead inmaking the growing city an investmenthotspot through its regeneration and inwardinvestment programme.

‘Connecting Leicester’ is a multimillion-pound scheme that is improving the connec-tions between shopping, leisure, housing andtransport facilities, with attractive, high-qual-ity pedestrian routes. This ambitious publicrealm project is helping to showcase whatLeicester has to offer, from heritage throughto culture and retail.

It is also transforming key destinationsand creating private sector investment jobs.These changes are building the confidenceand pride of Leicester’s people. There’s arenewed ambition, both in howcompanies dobusiness and how the city works in partner-ship to explore what is possible.

newprojectsLeicester also has some fantastic projects cur-rently underway in other parts of the city.Waterside is one of the most exciting large-

scale, mixed-use regeneration opportunitiesin the East Midlands. The area comprisesmore than 50 hectares of land in a prime citycentre location that will be developed for arichmix of different uses.

Waterside will be home to high-qualityhousing, smaller office and high-value lightcommercial space, independent retailers, andleisure uses. New infrastructure and invest-ment in public realm, open spaces, and inno-vative lighting schemes will help makeWaterside a unique and highly desirable newneighbourhood for the city.

Along with Waterside, the redevelopmentof NewWalk Centre – a key city centre site andwhere the city council’s former headquarterswere based – will provide an exciting andvibrant mixed-use scheme. It will help create

5667 square metres (sq m) of grade A offices,1068 sq m of retail space, 71 apartments, 150secure parking spaces and newopen spaces.

More businesses are choosing Leicesteras their base to expand, nationally and inter-nationally, and the city has recently securedmultimillion-pound investment from compa-nies that want tomove here.

One of these is world-renowned technol-ogy giant IBM. The company worked closelywith the city council and its partners for manymonths and had considered a number ofother locations across the UK. At the begin-ning of 2015, the company announced that itwould be opening its first UK Services Centrein Leicester.

harnessing taLentThe centre will create more than 300 jobsover three years, enabling IBM to extend itstechnology services to UK-based clients. IBMServices Centre: Leicester will be based atleafy New Walk in the heart of the city. It willemploy graduates and experienced profes-sionals with technical backgrounds or thosewho show an aptitude for IT and want to pur-sue a career in the industry.

It will also offer internships and appren-ticeships to harness the best talent fromacross the city and region. IBM is working withlocal universities and educational institutionsto recruit for the positions. The main reasonthe company gave for choosing Leicester wasthe quality of graduates from the city andcounty’s three universities.

Hastings Direct, one of the UK’s fastestgrowing insurance firms, announced in March2015 that it had chosen Leicester to set up itsthird UK customer service centre, and the pro-ject will play a significant role in its plans forgrowthandexpansion. Theoperationwent livein the city inMay,withHastings recruiting amixof team leaders and customer serviceworkers.Since then, it has created235 jobs andplans tocreate hundredsmore.

IBM and Hastings have been impressedwith the calibre of staff they have recruitedhere and are both celebrating the fact thattheir projects are ahead of schedule.

Leicester is investing in its future and isproud to do so. An important part of this is thecity council’s ambitious programme of work tocreate a high-quality environment for residents,visitorsandbusinessestoenjoyandbenefit from.

To find out more about the regeneration,development and investment opportunitiesin Leicester, contact Helen Donnellan, thedirector of inward investment at Leicester CityCouncil, on 0116 454 0106 or at [email protected]

“THEMAIN rEASON IBMgAvEfOrCHOOSINg LEICESTErWASTHEqUALITyOfgrADUATESfrOMTHECITy ANDCOUNTy’STHrEEUNIvErSITIES”

sponsored by

SpotlightonleiceSterAdvertiSementfeAture

the highcross shopping centre:the ‘connecting Leicester’project is linking homes, shopsand leisure facilities withpedestrian routes

LEICESTEr’SgrOWTHAgENDA



rANK city cOuNtry1 luxembourg luxembourg2 Cambridge Uk3 geneva switzerland4 eindhoven netherlands5 espoo Finland6 basel switzerland7 reading Uk8 Aberdeen Uk9 belfast Uk10 Cork ireland

tOP10 smaLL euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 luxembourg luxembourg2 Cambridge Uk3 geneva switzerland4 Cork ireland5 Aberdeen Uk6 basel switzerland7 eindhoven netherlands8 espoo Finland9 reading Uk10 belfast Uk

tOP10 smaLL euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK city cOuNtry1 nicosia Cyprus2 Oxford Uk3 basel switzerland4 geneva switzerland5 Cambridge Uk6 lund sweden7 reading Uk8 espoo Finland9 Aberdeen Uk10 Pilsen Czech republic

tOP10 smaLL euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 –humanCaPiTaL/LifesTyLe

rANK city cOuNtry1 skopje macedonia2 ternopil Ukraine3 kremenchuk Ukraine4 melitopol Ukraine5 Pleven bulgaria6 berdiansk Ukraine7 burgas bulgaria8 Plovdiv bulgaria9 ruse bulgaria10 varna bulgaria

tOP10 smaLL euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK city cOuNtry1 Štip macedonia2 Yuzhnoukrainsk Ukraine3 shumsk Ukraine4 mostyska Ukraine5 Prijedor bosnia-Herzegovina6 Liepāja Latvia7 sombor serbia8 truskavets Ukraine9 vranje serbia10 Zajecar serbia

tOP10 miCro euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK city cOuNtry1 limerick ireland2 galway ireland3 Hemel Hempstead Uk4 shannon ireland5 Waterford ireland6 Coburg germany7 tartu estonia8 inverness Uk9 mechelen belgium10 lincoln Uk

tOP10 miCro euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17

rANK city cOuNtry1 galway ireland2 limerick ireland3 shannon ireland4 Waterford ireland5 Coburg germany6 monaco France7 inverness Uk8 Žilina Slovakia9 mechelen belgium10 sremska mitrovica serbia

tOP10 miCro euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK city cOuNtry1 bangor Uk2 monaco France3 Coburg germany4 limerick ireland5 tartu estonia6 nitra slovakia7 Östersund sweden8 lincoln Uk9 inverness Uk10 limassol Cyprus

tOP10 miCro euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 –humanCaPiTaL/LifesTyLe

winners: small andmicro european citiesluND,AcityiNtheverysOuthOfsweDeN,has thefastestuploadanddownloadspeedsofall citiesin europesource: fdiMarkets

“two-thousandandfifteenwasanotherGreatyearfor investMent incork,culMinatinG inapple’sannounceMentofafurther1000 jobsat its europeanhqinthecity. investorsconsiderinGcorkwillbe inGoodcoMpany”chris o’leary, Mayor, cork



rANK city cOuNtry1 belfast Uk2 reading Uk3 Cambridge Uk4 Aberdeen Uk5 Cork ireland6 milton keynes Uk7 Coventry Uk8 slough Uk9 gyor Hungary10 derby Uk

tOP10 smaLL euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – business frienDLiness

rANK city cOuNtry1 geneva switzerland2 lund sweden3 st Albans Uk4 slough Uk5 lancaster Uk6 eindhoven netherlands7 basel switzerland8 reykjavík iceland9 espoo Finland10 malmö sweden

tOP10 smaLL euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

rANK city cOuNtry1 Hemel Hempstead Uk2 venlo netherlands3 mechelen belgium4 Halifax Uk5 Östersund sweden6 jelgava latvia7 Hartlepool Uk8 Pau France9 Liepāja Latvia10 great Yarmouth Uk

tOP10 miCro euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

rANK city cOuNtry1 galway ireland2 limerick ireland3 Hemel Hempstead Uk4 Waterford ireland5 Žilina Slovakia6 inverness Uk7 shannon ireland8 bangor Uk9 Hartlepool Uk10 Halifax Uk

tOP10 miCro euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – business frienDLiness

“buildinGonthesuccessofourpreviousrankinG,the2016/17awardswillforMastronGbasisoftheGalwaycityeconoMicsustainabilitystrateGy”frank fahy, Mayor,Galway

Cities: Fdi strAtegYeUrOPeAn Cities And regiOnsOF tHe FUtUre 2016/17

WHile its FOOtbAll teAm is Used tO reigning in eUrOPe, tHe sPAnisH CitY OF bArCelOnACOmes First in tHe COntinent bY AnOtHer meAsUre: Fdi strAtegY. its POliCies FOr AttrACtinginvestOrs tOP fDi’s rAnking FOr mAjOr Cities, AHeAd OF lOndOn And stOCkHOlm, WHilemAnCHester tAkes tHe CrOWn AmOng lArge Cities. CathyMullan rePOrts

fDi strategy: barcelona takesanother european title


B

Building up london

manchestermoves up

upwardly mobile: barcelona is the leading major city in europe for fdi strategy



“Manchester’s fdistrateGy focusesonourGenuineworld-leadinGcapabilities... wehave investedsiGnificantly tocreate inspirinGandconnectedbusiness clustersthat reflect thefutureneedsofGlobalbusinesses”spokesperson,Midas

Wrocław’swin



rANK city cOuNtry1 barcelona spain2 london Uk3 stockholm sweden4 dublin ireland5= Amsterdam netherlands5= vienna Austria7 milan italy8 Warsaw Poland9 budapest Hungary10 minsk belarus

tOP10 major euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – fDi sTraTegy

rANK city cOuNtry1 manchester Uk2 glasgow Uk3 munich germany4 lyon France5 katowice Poland6 rotterdam netherlands7 Frankfurt germany8 leipzig germany9 seville spain10 İzmir Turkey

tOP10 Large euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – fDi sTraTegy

rANK city cOuNtry1 Wrocław Poland2= edinburgh Uk2= liverpool Uk4 bilbao spain5 Zurich switzerland6 nottingham Uk7 Cardiff Uk8 málaga spain9 Ostrava Czech republic10 brno Czech republic

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean CiTies ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – fDi sTraTegy

rANK city cOuNtry1 Cork ireland2 dundee Uk3= grenoble France3= lublin Poland5 York Uk6 skopje macedonia7 Pilsen Czech republic8 belfast Uk9 ghent belgium10 derby Uk

tOP10 smaLL euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – fDi sTraTegy

rANK city cOuNtry1 ivanec Croatia2= limerick ireland2= ventspils latvia4 Prijedor bosnia-Herzegovina5 galway ireland6 Štip macedonia7 jastrebarsko Croatia8 vranje serbia9 jelgava latvia10 tartu estonia

tOP10 miCro euroPean CiTies of ThefuTure 2016/17 – fDi sTraTegy

“it is vital tosupportcreativityand innovation–bothnecessaryforcreationofdisruptivetechnoloGiesandstart-ups.In 2016WrocłaW Is thehostoftheeuropeancapitalofculture–coMeand joinus inthecelebration”rafalDutkIeWIcz, Mayor,WrocłaW

“theseresultsshowthatGlasGowisopenforbusiness. GlasGowcitycouncil iscoMMittedtorealisinGourcity’s econoMicpotentialandrecoGnitionlike thisdeMonstratesGlasGow’sGrowinGreputationasaworldclasscity for investMent”frankMcaveety, leader, GlasGowcity council

22

Île-de-france on the rise

Baden-württemberg’s large leap

G

www.fdiintelligence.com February/march 2016

COmPetitiOn AmOng eUrOPe’s regiOn’s WAs stiFF bUt, As CathyMullanWrites, germAnY’s nOrtH rHine-WestPHAliA – HOme tO COlOgne, dÜsseldOrFAnd dOrtmUnd – edged OUt Île-de-FrAnCe And sOUtH eAst englAnd tO tAketHe tOP sPOt, bOlstered bY its strengtH in lOgistiCs And PHArmACeUtiCAls

germany’s northrhine-westphaliatakes regional prize

regiOnsWinnerseUrOPeAn Cities And regiOnsOF tHe FUtUre 2016/17

Latin America &the Caribbean

Africa

Asia-Pacific

Western Europe

Rest of Europe

Middle East

NorthAmerica

Source: fDi Markets

fiGure1 norTh rhine-wesTPhaLia ouTwarD fDi,2003-2015



10

20

30

40

50

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Source: fDi Markets

fiGure5 eXPansion ProjeCTsinTo sCoTLanD, 2003-2014

fiGure2 number of inTernaTionaL airPorTs anD DesTinaTionsserveD, uk regions

FDIjobs

FDIjobs

per100,000people

Source: fDi Markets

fiGure4 fDi job CreaTion anD jobs Per 100,000 PeoPLe, uk regions

fiGure3 kiev Labour CosTs vs zuriCh Labour CosTs

0 2 4 6 8 10

DENMARK

SWEDEN

UK

NORWAY

NETHERLANDS

MACEDONIA

TURKEY

BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA

UKRAINE

GEORGIA

ICT Development Index score

Source: ITU

fiGure6 ToP five anD boTTomfive CounTries, iCTDeveLoPmenT inDeX from iTu


rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 south east england Uk2 dublin region ireland3 scotland Uk4 Uusimaa Finland5 stockholm County sweden6 east of england Uk7 Oslo County norway8 region Hovedstaden denmark9 north West england Uk10 south West england Uk

tOP10 norThern euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 Central Federal district russia2 Prague region Czech republic3 bucuresti-ilfov romania4 masovian voivodeship Poland5 bratislava region slovakia6 volga Federal district russia7 Central Hungary Hungary8 northwestern Federal district russia9 lower silesian voivodeship Poland10 kiev Oblast Ukraine

tOP10 easTern euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 Catalonia spain2 istanbul Province turkey3 Comunidad de madrid spain4 lombardy italy5 basque Country spain6 lazio italy7 emilia-romagna italy8 Andalusia spain9 srem district serbia10 lisbon Portugal

tOP10 souThern euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 north rhine-Westphalia germany2 Île-de-France France3 baden-Württemberg germany4 Canton of Zug switzerland5 bavaria germany6 Hesse germany7 Canton of Zurich switzerland8 noord-Holland netherlands9 Canton of geneva switzerland10 brabant netherlands

tOP10 wesTern euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17

winners: by european zone


russiA’sceNtrAlfeDerAlDistrict,GeneratedthehiGhestGdp bypurchasinGpower paritysource: national statistics

iNsPAiN’scOmuNiDADDemADriD,averaGe lifeexpectancyis 84 yearsofaGe, thehiGhestofany reGionin the studysource: national statistics

Moscow is the biggest city in russia’scentral federal district, which finishestop of the eastern european regionsof the future 2016/17 ranking

comunidad de Madrid, home to spain’s capital city (pictured), is the third best performing region for fdiin southern europe, with its high average life expectancy just one factor in its high placing


rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 north rhine-Westphalia germany2 Île-de-France France3 south east england Uk4 baden-Württemberg germany5 bavaria germany6 Central Federal district russia7 scotland Uk8 east of england Uk9 Hesse germany10 north West england Uk

tOP10 Large euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 south east england Uk2 north rhine-Westphalia germany3 baden-Württemberg germany4 bavaria germany5 Île-de-France France6 Central Federal district russia7 Comunidad de madrid spain8 south West england Uk9 Hesse germany10 saxony germany

tOP10 Large euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – human CaPiTaL anDLifesTyLe

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 Île-de-France France2 east of england Uk3 north rhine-Westphalia germany4 Hesse germany5 scotland Uk6 south east england Uk7 Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur France8 Flanders belgium9 rhône-Alpes France10 bavaria germany

tOP10 Large euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 baden-Württemberg germany2 Île-de-France France3 north rhine-Westphalia germany4 bavaria germany5 south east england Uk6 Central Federal district russia7 Hesse germany8 lombardy italy9 scotland Uk10 east of england Uk

tOP10 Large euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 nord-est romania2 volga Federal district russia3 southern Federal district russia4 siberian Federal district russia5 silesian voivodeship Poland6 Far eastern Federal district russia7 Ural Federal district russia8 masovian voivodeship Poland9 northwestern Federal district russia10 İzmir Province Turkey

tOP10 Large euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 south east england Uk2 scotland Uk3 West midlands Uk4 Central Federal district russia5 north West england Uk6 north rhine-Westphalia germany7 Catalonia spain8 baden-Württemberg germany9 east of england Uk10 Île-de-France France

tOP10 Large euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – business frienDLiness

winners: Large european regions


BADeN-württem-BerG,iNthesOuth-westOfGermANy,recordedthehiGhestnuMberoffdi projectsbetween2010and2014ofall reGionsanalysedsource: fdiMarkets

daimler, which has a plant in sindelfingen, baden-württemberg, is just one major company present in the German region

Hamburg is themost attractive region inGermany for international investors. Thisis the result of a ranking published in October2015 by fDi Magazine. In the new ‘EuropeanCity of the Future 2016-17’ ranking, Hamburgalso takes top positions. The Elbe city scoredparticularly high in terms of quality of life, thepotential of professionals, thebusiness friendlyclimate, and the economic outlook. fDiMagazine asked Dr Rolf Strittmatter, CEO HWFHamburgBusinessDevelopment Corporation,about the reasons and the goals for the future.

fDiMagazine:Congratulations,Hamburgachieved excellent results in two of ourrankingswithin a short time. Is there stillsomething to do for you as businessdeveloper?Dr Rolf Strittmatter: First of all, letme thank you.The rankings by fDi Magazine are very helpful.Also, the international real estate consultingfirm Jones Lang LaSalle ranked Hamburgamong the top 10 ‘new world cities’ in its cur-rent global analysis ‘Globalisation and competi-tion’. Such rankings open doors. But at the endof the day, each company must be convincedthatHamburg is the right location for its specificbusiness. So,we still have a lot to do.

fDi Magazine: Which are the companiesyouwant to bring toHamburg – and howdo you proceed?Mr Strittmatter: We surely do not have to tellinternational traders about the significance ofthe Port of Hamburg for Germany, northern,central, andeasternEurope.Dropbox, Facebook,Google and Twitter also appreciate the assets ofHamburg, where entrepreneurship ideally

rhymes with merchant spirit. However, it is lesswell known that Hamburg is Germany’s largestindustrial city, a stronghold of research, and anideal location for eurozoneheadquarters. Thesestrengthsweneed tocommunicatemore.

fDiMagazine:Andwhatwouldyou like totell international companies with head-quarters in London to make them thinkabout relocating toHamburg?Mr Strittmatter: For companies predominantlyactive in the eurozone, it certainlymakes senseto control the activities from within, especiallyagainst the backdrop of current discussions inthe UK. And all those who feel comfortable inLondon definitely will appreciate the fact thatHamburg is the most anglophile city on thecontinent. But, unlike London, rents and cost ofliving areminimal, and huge traffic congestionsunknown.Highly trainedprofessionals areplen-tiful, and Hamburg’s many parksmake you feellike beingback in England.

fDi Magazine: You were talking aboutstrong research activities in Hamburg.Would youmind specifying them?MrStrittmatter: In regards to research,Hamburgis an outstanding catalyst of innovation.Internationally renowned institutions of theHelmholtz Association, such as the GermanElectron SynchrotronDESYhave been residentinHamburg for a long time. In order to promotenew technologies and innovation, DESY co-operates with industry and business, networksinnational and international collaborations, andiskeypartnerof the international scientificcam-pusHamburg.Alsoathomeon thebanksof theElbe River are institutes of the Max Planck

Society and the Leibniz Association, and eventhe Fraunhofer Society has recently set upresearch institutions inHamburg.

fDi Magazine: For companies, it is vitalto implement research results in eco-nomic practice. Are there any examplesinHamburg?Mr Strittmatter: Well, of course! At Hamburg’sLaser Zentrum Nord, both the suspension ofthecrewrestand the luggagecompartmentsofthe Airbus A350 were designed as a bionicstructure prior to entering series production– amilestone in the transferof3Dprinting to indus-trial production. At CFK Valley Stade, some 100companiesandresearch institutesworkonnewprocesses, methods and products in light-weight construction with carbon fibres andcomposites, mainly for the aerospace industry.In January 2016, the ZAL Centre for AppliedAviation officially inaugurated its tech centre topromote the industrialisation of new technolo-gies in six areas of expertise, i.e. cabin conceptsand technologies, ventilation and air condition-ing systems as well as hull and systems integra-tion. These are just examples – there are, ofcourse,manymore.

DrRolf Strittmatter (46) ismanagingdirector ofboth HWF Hamburg Business DevelopmentCorporation andHamburgMarketing GmbH.

Sponsored by

SpotlightonhamburgadvertiSementfeature

PERFECTLYSUITEDFOREUROZONEHEADqUARTERSHamburg is widely recognised as an attractive region for international investors



winners: mid-sized european regionsrANK reGiON cOuNtry1 Uusimaa Finland2 stockholm County sweden3 noord-Holland netherlands4 region Hovedstaden denmark5 brabant netherlands6 Hamburg state germany7 berlin state germany8 bucuresti-ilfov romania9 vienna state Austria10 south Holland netherlands

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 stockholm County sweden2 Uusimaa Finland3 region Hovedstaden denmark4 berlin state germany5 noord-Holland netherlands6 vastra gotaland County sweden7 Hamburg state germany8 bucuresti-ilfov romania9 south Holland netherlands10 vienna state Austria

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – human CaPiTaLanD LifesTyLe

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 basque Country spain2 noord-Holland netherlands3 stockholm County sweden4 region Hovedstaden denmark5 rhineland-Palatinate germany6 brabant netherlands7 Canary islands spain8 Uusimaa Finland9 south Holland netherlands10 languedoc-roussillon France

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 Uusimaa Finland2 stockholm County sweden3 noord-Holland netherlands4 Hamburg state germany5 region Hovedstaden denmark6 brabant netherlands7 berlin state germany8 bucuresti-ilfov romania9 kiev Oblast Ukraine10 vienna state Austria

tOP10miD-sizeD euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 nord-vest romania2 sud romania3 sud-vest romania4 bosnia bosnia-Herzegovina5 sud-est romania6 kiev Oblast Ukraine7 vest romania8 Centru romania9 subcarpathian Poland10 kuyavian-Pomeranian Poland

tOP10miD-sizeD euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 north east england Uk2 northern ireland Uk3 Wales Uk4 Central Hungary Hungary5 noord-Holland netherlands6 bucuresti-ilfov romania7 region Hovedstaden denmark8 stockholm County sweden9 berlin state germany10 transdanubia Hungary

tOP10miD-sizeD euroPean regionsof ThefuTure 2016/17 – business frienDLiness

KievOBlAstiNuKrAiNehas theMostcost-friendlylabourcostlevelsof alleuropeanreGionsanalysedsource: fdi benchMark basedontowerswatsonandnational statistics


rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 dublin region ireland2 Canton of Zug switzerland3 Canton of Zurich switzerland4 Oslo County norway5 Canton of geneva switzerland6 Prague region Czech republic7 Harju County estonia8 brussels Capital region belgium9 Canton of vaud switzerland10 vilnius County lithuania

tOP10 smaLL euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 Canton of Zurich switzerland2 Canton of vaud switzerland3 Canton of Zug switzerland4 Prague region Czech republic5 Oslo County norway6 Canton of geneva switzerland7 skane County sweden8 Utrecht netherlands9 rogaland County norway10 bratislava region slovakia

tOP10 smaLL euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – human CaPiTaL anDLifesTyLe

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 Canton of geneva switzerland2 Utrecht netherlands3 Canton of Zurich switzerland4 southern denmark denmark5 skane County sweden6 brussels Capital region belgium7 Oslo County norway8 rogaland County norway9 luxembourg luxembourg10 Canton of vaud switzerland

tOP10 smaLL euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 dublin region ireland2 Canton of Zug switzerland3 Oslo County norway4 luxembourg luxembourg5 Canton of Zurich switzerland6 Canton of geneva switzerland7 brussels Capital region belgium8 Harju County estonia9 West region ireland10 south-West region ireland

tOP10 smaLL euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 skopje statistical region macedonia2 burgas Province bulgaria3 Plovdiv Province bulgaria4 ruse Province bulgaria5 stara Zagora Province bulgaria6 srem district serbia7 varna Province bulgaria8 sofia City bulgaria9 riga statistical region latvia10 kaunas County lithuania

tOP10 smaLL euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 dublin region ireland2 Canton of Zug switzerland3 Prague region Czech republic4 Harju County estonia5 Canton of Zurich switzerland6 bratislava region slovakia7 Oslo County norway8 West region ireland9 mid-West region ireland10 srem district serbia

tOP10 smaLL euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – business frienDLiness

winners: small european regions


“utrecht’scentral locationand itsexcellence inscienceand innovationcontributestronGlyto its investMentcliMate.here, businesses,acadeMic institutionsandlocalGovernMentssuccessfullyco-operate indrivinGeconoMicGrowthandiMprovinGthequalityoflife”willibrordvanbeek, kinG’s coMMissioner,provinceofutrecht

utrecht was the venueto the tour de france’s‘Grand départ’ in 2015

DublinmeansbusinessDublin’s educated workforce, favourable quality of lifeand business-friendly environment are strengtheningthe city’s reputation as a global investment hub

Adiverse city,with a rich cultural historyof music, poetry and storytelling, along-side the modern vibrancy of the city’smanycafés, barsand restaurants,Dublinis the ideal city inwhich to live, work andinvest in.as thedriving forcebehindeurope’sfastest growing economy, Dublin has alreadyestablished itself as a prime location for FDi.The necessary infrastructure for multination-als is therefore already in place to allow com-panies to move in and set up operationssmoothly. The surrounding green countryside,mountains and coastline allow for residents tohave a successful career while maintaining ahealthy balance of leisure pursuits.

GreAt plAce to Do businessThe business climate created in Dublin is a veryfavourable environment fromwhich to dobusi-ness. The appeal of ireland for Foreign Directinvestment (FDi) is enhanced by an attractiveregulatory and tax system, underlined by a12.5%corporation tax rate. semi-stateandgov-ernment agencies such as the industrialDevelopment agency (iDa), enterprise irelandand thelocal enterpriseOfficenetworkprovidecompanies and start-ups with vital support andfinancial aid. The iDa, responsible for attractingand assisting multinational firms into ireland,currently supports 360 firms inDublin.

skilleD workforcea city with a young, skilled and highly edu-cated workforce, 48% of 25 to 34 year olds inDublin have a tertiary-level qualification. avibrantmix of domestic students, coupledwitha large number of international scholars, hasresulted in ireland ranking number one in theworld for the availability of skilled labour(institutional management and DevelopmentWorld Competitiveness Yearbook 2014).Furthermore, Dublin boasts a strong R&D sec-tor, with strong co-operation between busi-ness and academia. Government supportedR&D centres of excellence are directed by uni-versities, while businesses can also avail of taxcredits and grants for in-house collaborative

projects with third-level institutions. some21% of Dublin’s residents were born outsideireland, showing the city’s attractiveness topeople of all backgrounds.

GlobAlly connecteDDublin is an ideal location from which toaccess the eu, the world’s largest single mar-ket with more than 500 million customers.The capital of the only english-speaking coun-try in the eurozone, Dublin has a well-devel-oped rail, lightrail and road network and is eas-ily accessible by air and sea. Passenger num-bers are at an all-time peak and an extendedDublin area Rapid Transit (DaRT) network willfurther reduce travel time from the city centreto the airport. This will allow internationalworkers based in Dublin to visit home quickly.in addition to impressive hard infrastructure,the city also boasts an excellent, and continu-ally improving, broadband and communica-tions infrastructure, allowing for the highestconcentration of iCT activity within theOeCD.

irelAnD – A GlobAl stArt-up hubWith a thriving start-up community, supportedby the Office of the Dublin start-upCommissioner, the city is an ideal location forentrepreneurs to set up a business. incentivesand support for start-ups are complementedbyastrong localecosystemforentrepreneurship.awealthof incubation space is available for estab-lishing businesses, supplied by governmentorganisations and third-level institutions. Thestart-up Commissioner’s office also producestheDublinGlobe,aweeklyupdateoneverythingthat is happening inDublinCity’s tech sector.

economic DevelopmentThe moving focus of irish local governmenttowards economic development has led to therecent delivery of a number of local projects byDublin City Council. The Dublin City localeconomic and Community Plan is a six-yearplan of the economic actions that will be deliv-ered by stakeholders with a remit in the city.Furthermore, theDublineconomicmonitorpro-vides a quarterly update on the Dublin econ-omy, andallows for economic activity in the cityto be regularly measured. a correspondingonlinewebresource,dublineconomy.iehasalsobeen launched, providing a wide range of thecity’s performance monitors. Dublin.ie, a web-site providing information on all aspects of liv-ing,workingand investing inDublinhas recentlygone live, andprovidesanadditional instrumentfor attracting the talent and investmentneededtodevelop the city and region further.

sponsored by

SpotlightonDublinADvertiSementfeAture

smooth journey: among Dublin’smany assets are its impressive

transport infrastructure

n 9 of the world’s top 10 technology companiesn 50% of the world’s top banksn 250 global financial institutionsn 10 of the world’s top 20 insurance companiesn 9 of the world’s top 10 pharma companiesn 17 of the world’s top 25medical technologycompanies

Dublin, A SmArtcitywhere technologyAnDinnovAtiongohAnD inhAnD, iS hometo….

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Nrw’s bigwelcome

wonderful in copenhagen


sCOtlAnd is tHe leAding regiOn FOr Fdi strAtegY in tHe eUrOPeAn CitiesAnd regiOns OF tHe FUtUre 2016/17 rAnking, WitH jUdges imPressed bY itsglObAl PresenCe And Online OPerAtiOns, Writes CathyMullan. meAnWHile,greAter COPenHAgen in denmArk is tOP AmOng mid-siZed regiOns

fDi strategy: scotlandhits new heights

regiOns: Fdi strAtegYeUrOPeAn Cities And regiOnsOF tHe FUtUre 2016/17

Good going: scotland is the top region for fdi strategy



Germany’s north rhine-westphalia, home todüsseldorf (pictured), ranked second amongall large european regions for fdi strategy


rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 scotland Uk2 north rhine-Westphalia germany3 lombardy italy4 Catalonia spain5 Andalusia spain6= emilia-romagna italy6= Île-de-France France8 Comunidad valenciana spain9 Flanders belgium10 Comunidad de madrid spain

tOP10 Large euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – fDi sTraTegy

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 greater Copenhagen denmark2 tuscany italy3 northern ireland Uk4 Małopolska Poland5 brabant netherlands6 basque Country spain7= vojvodina serbia7= Wallonia belgium9 Canary islands spain10 stockholm region sweden

tOP10 miD-sizeD euroPean regions ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – fDi sTraTegy

rANK reGiON cOuNtry1 eindhoven region netherlands2 Pilsen region Czech republic3 Amsterdam metropolitan netherlands4 bristol and bath Uk5 greater Zurich Area switzerland6 kainuu Finland7 Helsinki region Finland8 Utrecht netherlands9 Opole voivodeship Poland10 greater ipswich Area Uk

tOP10 smaLL euroPean regions of ThefuTure 2016/17 – fDi sTraTegy


eindhoven high tech campus isjust one example of the region’scommitment to attracting tech

companies and start-ups

“in theeindhovenreGionwefullyunderstandthatclosecollaborationandan inteGratedapproacharecrucialtoattracttalent, entrepreneurs,innovatorsandwiththatfdi”robvanGijZel, Mayor, eindhoven

lombardy, through its largest city ofMilan (pictured), hosted the expotrade fair in 2015, a testament to itsglobal standing as an investmentsource and destination

MECHELEN:AFUTURE-PROOFTRADITIONOFSMART INNOVATIONIs your organisation looking for a new, smart locationwith an innovative approach to sustainable investments?In an easily accessible environment, fuelled by flexibleemployees with an always-on attitude? Where it’s greatto grow your business and safe to raise your children?This Europeanmicro city of the futuremay just have it all

There are five key reasons why abusiness should invest inMechelen.

STraTegically locaTedIt is a short journey away fromBelgium’smajorcities as well as those in neighbouringcountries, thanks to its largely uncongestedroad network, two motorway on- and off-ramps (E19) and rapid rail connections. Majorcommercial and industrial centres – such asLondon, Paris, Amsterdam, Frankfurt andLuxemburg – are only a few hours away.Brussels International Airport can be reachedby train in just 10minutes.

Combining a strong sense of turnkeybusiness partnership and a sound investmentpolicy with widely available micropolitan-prized office, industrial and retail space, thecity has already managed to attract a widerange of blooming companies, such asHewlett-Packard, Sanoma, LiveNation,Galapagos, Pringles andDu Pont DeNemours.

acceSS To TalenTedhuMancapiTalA steady supply of multitalented workers isprovided by ThomasMore, the biggest collegein Flanders. This centre of expertise – with4000 students inmore than 15 academic pro-grammes on four campuses in Mechelen –creates a fertile breeding ground for highlyskilled blue- andwhite-collar workers.

Add to this the brain-gain of graduatesfrom the neighbouring universities of Leuven,

Antwerp and Brussels, who are strategicallysettling in Mechelen, and businesses canreadily hand pick the finest talents.

In recent years, this unique talent pool ofhighly qualified, multilingual workers, and thecity’s own dynamic entrepreneurial climate,has attracted several communication,marketing and multimedia companies. Andthis business-empowering synergy has, inturn, transformed Mechelen into the newhotspot of cross-media activities in Belgium.

highly connecTedHome toTelenet, Belgium’s leadingprovider ofhigh-speed internet, television and telecomservices, Mechelen has become the mostdigitised city of Belgium.

In 2015Mechelen even joined the ranks ofBelgium’s first ‘Wi-Free’ cities, offering its citizens,visitors, andbusinesses freeWi-Fi connectivity.

Thiscommitment toe-businessand innova-tivetechnologies facilitates fastglobalcommuni-cation,enhancessocial integrationandparticipa-tion,andallows localbusinessestooffer location-based tailoredservicesande-discounts.

liveable in and eaSy To reachTo promote and realise a liveable, greenhabitat, Mechelen prioritises sustainablemobility in its city-wide construction projects:• its new train/bus station will have parkingfacilities for 2000 cars and 5000 bicycles, and isconceived as amultimodal transfer zone toeffi-

ciently transport all daily commuters (approxi-mately 37,800 inboundand32,300outbound).• a former brownfield site, the size of 100soccer fields, is being repurposed into a newsmart, liveable district for residential andcommercial use (Ragheno).

enjoy The good lifeMechelen’s high standard of living, excellenthealthcare and public services, combinedwiththe city’s long tradition of hospitality, willensure aworry-freework-life balance.

In the evenings or weekends, the city’sinspiringbackdropof 400historical buildings isperfect for a relaxing stroll in the low- and no-traffic inner city, soakingup theuniquemixtureof historical heritage and cultural diversity.

In and around the bustling city centre,there are activities to suit every indoor andoutdoor taste: a lively soccer stadium (KVMechelen) that holds more than 18,000 fans,an adventurous zoo (Planckendael), amultiplex cinema (Utopolis) and even a hands-on science museum (Technopolis) – all withinbiking distance of any part of the city.

Sow Today, reap ToMorrowIn recent years, more and more smartbusinesses have begun to recogniseMechelenfor its true merits: its pivotal location withinFlanders and Europe, its smart connectivity andwide access to highly skilled employees, and, nodoubt, its excellent andsustainablequalityof life.

Bart Somers, mayor of Mechelen, firmlyagrees: ‘Mechelen truly offers everything forsuccessful business investments: outstandingconditions to grow your business and a greatplace to live’.

Other leading companies have alreadytapped into the unique economic potential ofMechelen. Join them today and reap thegrowing benefits of this emerging micropoli-tan business gem tomorrow.

Discover even more fascinating facts onwww.mechelen.be today.AndvisitMechelentomorrow to experience its success story.

Sponsored by

n french name: Malinesn population: 84,557 inhabitantsn fifth largest city in flandersnone of the first belgianwi-free cities

2016 fDi EuropEanCitiEsofthEfuturEawarDs:n Third beSTMicro ciTy for connecTiviTynninTh beSTMicro ciTy for econoMicpoTenTialnninTh beSTMicrociTy overall

AboutMechelen

SpotlightonMechelenAdvertiSeMentfeAture

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labouradvantage


englAnd’s lOCAl enterPrise PArtnersHiPs HAve been in eXistenCe sinCe 2011And HAve sCOred sOme signiFiCAnt sUCCesses. fDi rAnks tHe best OF tHem bYvAriOUs CriteriA, WitH lOndOn, greAter mAnCHester, tHAmes vAlleY berksHireAnd tees vAlleY AmOng tHe tOP PerFOrmers. CathyMullan rePOrts

London andoxfordshireLePs star in england

lePseUrOPeAn Cities And regiOnsOF tHe FUtUre 2016/17

oxford is home to one of the world’s most prestigious universities(pictured), which has long been a selling point for the surroundingarea, and has helped oxfordshire lep to seal a strong performancein the fDi lep rankings



rANK leP1 london2 thames valley berkshire3 greater Cambridge & greater Peterborough4 enterprise m35 Oxfordshire6 south east midlands7 south east8 greater manchester9 solent10 Hertfordshire

tOP10 LoCaL enTerPrise ParTnershiPsof The fuTure 2016/17

london’s silicon valley (pictured) has become a symbol of the city’s status as a global tech hub, something that the london lep is keen to highlight to would-be investors

0 1 2 3 4 5

OXFORDSHIRE

ENTERPRISEM3

GLOUCESTERSHIRE

DERBY,DERBYSHIRENOTTINGHAM&NOTTINGHAMSHIRE

LONDON

CUMBRIA

TEESVALLEY

SWINDONANDWILTSHIRE

HUMBER

CORNWALL&THEISLESOFSCILLY

Source: National Statistics% GDP growth

fiGure1 average annuaL gDP growTh, ToP five anD boTTom fiveLeP areas

fiGure2 saLaries in LeP areas – CornwaLL vs LonDon



rANK leP1 london2 thames valley berkshire3 greater Cambridge & greater Peterborough4 Oxfordshire5 enterprise m36 West of england7 solent8 south east midlands9 Coventry and Warwickshire10 greater manchester

tOP10 LoCaL enTerPrise ParTnershiPs ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – eConomiC PoTenTiaL

rANK leP1 Cornwall and the isles of scilly2 sheffield City region3 Heart of the south West4 Humber5 black Country6 tees valley7 lancashire8 new Anglia9 stoke-on-trent and staffordshire10 leicester and leicestershire

tOP10 LoCaL enTerPrise ParTnershiPs ofThe fuTure 2016/17 – CosT effeCTiveness

rANK leP1 london2 south east3 enterprise m34 Oxfordshire5 thames valley berkshire6 Coast to Capital7 greater Cambridge & greater Peterborough8 buckinghamshire thames valley9 Hertfordshire10 solent

tOP10 LoCaL enTerPrise ParTnershiPsof The fuTure 2016/17 – human CaPiTaLanD LifesTyLe

rANK leP1 london2 lancashire3 enterprise m34 south east midlands5 south east6 Hertfordshire7 thames valley berkshire8 greater Cambridge & greater Peterborough9 Coast to Capital10 Oxfordshire

tOP10 LoCaL enTerPrise ParTnershiPsof The fuTure 2016/17 – ConneCTiviTy

cornwall in south-west england is a haven for tourists, but among its other attractions are its cost effectiveness,with the cornwall and the isles of scilly lep ranking top by this measure

heathrow airport in the thames valley region is among the busiest and best connected in the world, factors thathave helped its lep finish second in fDi’s overall lep ranking

39February/March 2016 www.fDiIntelligence.com

LEPSEUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONSOF THE FUTURE 2016/17

RANK LEP1 London2 Thames Valley Berkshire3 Greater Manchester4 Greater Birmingham and Solihull5 South East Midlands6 Coventry and Warwickshire7 North Eastern8 Tees Valley9 Greater Cambridge & Greater Peterborough10 Leeds City Region

TOP10 LOCAL ENTERPRISE PARTNERSHIPS OFTHEFUTURE2016/17–BUSINESSFRIENDLINESS

RANK LEP1 Greater Manchester2 Liverpool3 Northamptonshire4 Coventry and Warwickshire5 Leicester and Leicestershire

TOP5 LOCAL ENTERPRISE PARTNERSHIPSOF THE FUTURE 2016/17 – FDI STRATEGY

Liverpool’s LEP was ranked second forFDI Strategy among all of England’slocal enterprise partnerships

ECONOMICPOTENTIAL• Population• Population growth rate• Unemployment rate (%)• Inflation• GDP (PPP Current Intl $) (millions)• GDP per capita (PPP current Intl $)• GDP forecast (average annual growthrate –%)

• GDP average annual growth rate (%)• GDP per capita average annual growthrate (%)

• Outward FDI (Jan 2010-Dec 2014)• Outward FDI per 100,000 (Jan 2010-Dec2014)

• Inward FDI (Jan 2010-Dec 2014)• Inward FDI per 100,000 (Jan 2010-Dec2014)

• Nominal growth in inward FDI projectsper 100,000 (2005-09) vs (2010-14)

• Inward FDI in R&D andDDT per 100,000(Jan 2010-Dec 2014)

• Inward FDI in advancedmanufacturingper 100,000 (Jan 2010-Dec 2014)

• Number ofmega projects by capex(over $100m) (Jan 2010-Dec 2014)

• Number ofmega projects by capex(over $100m) (Jan 2010-Dec 2014) per100,000 people

• Number ofmega projects by jobs (over1000 jobs) (Jan 2010-Dec 2014) per100,000 people

• Number of patents (2003-14)• Number of patents (2003-14) per100,000 people

HUMANCAPITALANDLIFESTYLE• Labour force as a% of population• Secondary educational attainment

JUDGING CRITERIA• Tertiary educational attainment• Education expenditure (% of GNI)• Number of higher education institutions• Number of International BaccalaureateSchools

• Number of top 500 universities• Number of students per 100,000people

• Ability to attract and retain talent• Life expectancy

COSTEFFECTIVENESS• Average annual salary ($) for anunskilled worker

• Average annual salary ($) for a semi-skilled worker

• Average annual salary ($) for a skilledworker

• Annual rent for prime grade-A officespace ($ per squaremetre)

• Annual rent for primeGrade A industrialspace ($ per squaremetre)

• 4*/5* hotel in city centre ($ per night)• Minimumwage ($)• Cost of establishing a business (absolutevalue using GNI)

• Cost of registering a property (% ofproperty value)

• Cost of construction permits (absolutevalue using GNI)

• Petrol prices ($)• Cost of electricity ($ per kwH)• Corporation tax rate (%)• VAT/common indirect tax rate (%)• Total tax rate (% of profit)• Country PPP rate

CONNECTIVITY• Upload speed (kb/s)• Download speed (kb/s)• ICT development index• Number of airports within 80 kilometresof the city

• Number of international destinationsserved

• Number of ports within 100 kilometres(medium)

• Number of ports within 100 kilometres(large)

• Number of ports within 100 kilometres(very large)

• Number of ports within 100 kilometres(mediumplus)

• Growth inmobile phone subscribers2007 vs 2014 (%)

• Logistics performance index (2014)• Networked readiness Index (2014)• Environmental performance index(2014)

• Quality of overall infrastructure 2015

BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS• Total number of companies within thehi-techmanufacturing sector 2014

• Total number of companies within thehi-tech service sector 2014

• Total number of companies within theknowledge-based sector 2014

• Proportion of companies within thehi-techmanufacturing sector 2014

• Proportion of companies within thehi-tech service sector 2014

• Proportion of companies within theknowledge-based sector 2014

• Total number of companies within thehi-techmanufacturing sector 2014 (per

100,000 people)• Total number of companies within thehi-tech service sector 2014 (per100,000 people)

• Total number of companies within theknowledge-based sector 2014 (per100,000 people)

• Number of jobs created by all inward FDI(Jan 2010-Dec 2014)

• Number of jobs created by all inward FDIper 100,000 people (Jan 2010-Dec2014)

• Number of all jobs created by inward FDI(2005-09)

• Number of all jobs created by inward FDI(2010-14)

• Nominal growth in jobs created byinward FDI (2005-09 vs 2010-14) per100,000 people

• Number of expansion/colocationprojects (Jan 2010-Dec 2014) per100,000 people

• FT Global 500 companies• Corporation tax rate (%)• Days taken to start a business• Ease of doing business index• Index of economic freedom• Corruption perception index• Strength of investor protection index• Country risk score• Firing costs ($)• Credit rating

METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGYEUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONSOF THE FUTURE 2016/17

40 www.fDiIntelligence.com February/March 2016

Populationcategoriesmethodology

City size categories

City FDI parameters

Regional size categories

European Cities and Regions of the Future 2016

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