EuropeAid The Urban Dimension in the European Development Policy Raul MATEUS PAULA EuropeAid,...
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Transcript of EuropeAid The Urban Dimension in the European Development Policy Raul MATEUS PAULA EuropeAid,...
EuropeAidThe Urban Dimension in the European Development Policy
Raul MATEUS PAULA
EuropeAid, Centralised operations for ACP countries
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EuropeAid
Urban development : Definition
• Urbanisation is above all :
A spatial expansion process (where people form communities over a small area)
A social process generating contradictions
A refuge during armed conflicts/instability
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EuropeAid
Urban development : Definition
• Three conditions
A surplus of agricultural production for feeding the non-producers
Trading mechanisms for the distribution of goods
Political regulations governing the use of the surplus by non-producers
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EuropeAid
Urban development : Challenges
• A major sector for development aid, considering that :
Urbanisation is a planetary phenomenon
Urbanisation is inevitable and irreversible
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EuropeAid
Urban development : Challenges
• A great challenge :
Manage the phenomenal growth of the urban population
Deal with the related problem of slums
Deal with the climatic change (adapt and mitigate)
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EuropeAid
Urban development : Response
• Recognize the positive role of urbanization for economic and social development, as well as and cultural changes
• Recognize the existence of pockets of high poverty
• Adapt the scale of interventions at the regional and local level
• Emphasize the urban dimension of infrastructure projects
• Build resilience to disasters
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EuropeAid
Urban development : Response
• Reinforce the territorial dimension of institutional reforms by decentralizing and by supporting local governments management
• Support the fight against poverty via cross-cutting issues in relation with urban development: health / environment / gender considerations / good governance / migration issues
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EuropeAid
Urban development : type of EC-funded projects
3 areas of cooperation :
• Rehabilitation and reconstruction of basic urban infrastructures following conflicts and natural disasters
• Risks reduction and disaster prevention
• Urban operations
– Buildings for health and education, markets, judiciary…
– Solid and liquid waste management
– Technical assistance to municipalities / urban micro projects
– Slum upgrading and improving living conditions in towns
– Cultural heritage protection and preservation of historical sites and buildings
– Local economic development and micro-finance
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EuropeAid
EC presence in the ACP regions
• In all ACP
ad-hoc operations, mostly of social/transport/water character.
- LRRD activities, as part of security and recovery strategy (RDC, Haiti, Liberia…)
- with UN-HABITAT:
“Slum Uprgrading Programme in 30 ACP countries” : urban profiles and action plans to identify areas for support and build a framework for long term interventions
4 M€, started in 2008
- with WB Trust-fund “Cities Alliance”:
Anti-slum strategies and urban poverty reduction,
EC participation of 0.75 M€, approved 2007
• In South Africa
Many urban programs ranging from local economic development, municipal strengthening, to urban infrastructures.
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EuropeAidDEV-URB Statistics
EC Commitments between 1995 and 2006 by Sub-sectors
44%
32%
13%6%
4%
1%
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Urban Development and Housing Social Infrastructure
Disaster Risk Reduction Cultural Buildings and sites Solid Waste Disposal
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EuropeAidDEV-URB Statistics
EC Comitments between 1995 and 2006 by Region
31%
7%16%
19%
2%
6%
19% 0%
African, Caribbean, Pacific (EDF) South Africa (AFS)
Central and Latin America (ALA) Asie (ALA)
Balkans (CARDS) Pre-Accession Eastern European Countries (PHARE)
Mediterranean countries and Middle East (MEDA) Ex-soviet countries and Central Asia (TACIS)
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EuropeAidPossible themes for future cooperation(other than rehabilitation/recontruction)
Describe and orient the cities development (cartography, land-use and master-plans…)
Cities governance (institutional reinforcement of municipalities…)
Urban economics (equilibrium between affordability and cost-recovery…)
Housing and land tenancy issues Access to basic services (health/education, water
supply/sanitation…) Urban mobility (identify the needs, global strategy…) Urban security and safety Sustainable cities (environment, urban/rural relationship,
local economic development…) Mitigation of climatic change impact (reinforcement of
critical infrastructures, C0² limitation strategies…) Inter-city cooperation (both north-south and south-south) Preservation of the cultural heritage
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EuropeAidMDG urban paradox
MDG objective 7.3:« Ensure environmental sustainability – achieve
significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million dwellers by 2020 » targets approximately 10% of the existing “stock”, but the slum population will continue to rise up to 1,5 billion by 2020.
Conclusion : Slum inhabitants will be multiplied by FIVE in comparison to those whose life, in the meanwhile, would have been improved…
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EuropeAid
• http://circa.europa.eu/Members/irc/europeaid/urbandeveloppment/info/data/urbdevwebsite/en/index_en.htm?cookie=1
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EuropeAid
Towards sustainable urban development - 1
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EuropeAid
Towards sustainable urban development - 2