Euro-Asian Submarine Cables An overview - MENOG · Euro-Asian Submarine Cables An overview. 2...

Beirut, October 25th-29th 2009

|Giuseppe Valentino|DirectorProduct Management IP & Data ServicesTelecom Italia Sparkle

MENOG 5

Euro-Asian Submarine CablesAn overview

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|Giuseppe Valentino|MENOG 5

Agenda

The growth of demand in the mid term scenarioTypes of submarine cables

Building blocks of multi-owner systems: The C&MA

Restoration and Protection of submarine CablesA real case: cable cut emergency on Jan 30, 2008

The upgrades

Submarine Cable Systems in the Med BasinTelecom Italia Sparkle network assets

New Cable projects in the Euro-Asia-East Africa region

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The growth of demand in the mid term scenarioSeveral new systems are lining up

In the next 2 years, a number of new submarinesystems is expected to come to life: interestedroutes are primarily India to Europe and TransPacific. All the main regional players and most ofEuropean and US carriers are involved in theseprojects.

Telegeography

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Investments in Submarine Cable Systems

Source: TeleGeography Research © 2008 PriMetrica, Inc.

Bil.USD

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Submarine cable types (1)

Submarine cables have different shapes:• simple, little, point-to-point segments

• long, multi-legged and spurred complexes

• simple rings

• Clouds of festoons

Submarine cables have different parenthoods:• Private cables, owned by one single company

• Bilateral cables, owned by the two landing parties

• Consortium cables, where a number of carriers joinforces in the project

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Submarine cable types (2) Consortium cables: one system, several owners

• The optical layer is common and undivided between Parties

• Ownership is proportional to investment in the system

• The SDH layer is individually used by Parties

Complexity means flexibility means complexity!• Capacity usage can vary:

• in size

• in topology

• from time to time

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Building blocks of multi-owner systems: the Construction andMaintenance Agreement (C&MA)

Cable System Configuration & Description.

System Ready For Service Date and Duration of the C&MA.

Ownership of Segments.

Cable Management Structure.

Acquisition and Use of Capacity.

Increase of Capacity – Upgrades.

Allocation of Operation and Maintenance Costs.

Ownership & Capacity Activation Schedules.

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Restoration of Submarine Cables

Only few systems have a ring based architectureand are therefore self-protected

Most systems have “fishbone” architecture!

The strategy: join forces with other cables withsimilar path Restoration is between Landing Stations

The MARA (Mutual Aid Restoration Agreement) This service is not for free!

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|Giuseppe Valentino|MENOG 5Restoration: An example

SAT-3/WASC/SAFESMW-4

Here is SMW-4,looking for

alternative routingin case of failures

And here is SAT-3/WASC/SAFE, thatmay offer some

alternative routing

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|Giuseppe Valentino|MENOG 5Restoration: Another example

SAT-3/WASC/SAFESMW-4SMW-3

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Protection: Automatic Restoration

Restoration traditionally means manual activation, on event, of pre-planned routing plans

Optimization of spare resources, combination of multiple restorationplans for multiple cable systems

Automatic Restoration (equivalent to Protection on terrestrial networks)has been introduced

• SMW-3 and SMW-4 have implemented some SNCP protection between anypair on corresponding Landing Station

• Terrestrial interlinks, whenever necessary, have been provisioned and fullydedicated to complete the infrastructure

Service continuity is becoming a must also in submarine cables!

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COLUMBUS III

Rome

EGYPT

TURKEY

CYPRUSYeroskipos

Chania

GREECE

Mazara

ITALY

Palermo

ISRAEL

Marmaris

SMW4

LIBYA

Catania

Fault

SMW3

FLAG-FEA

Alexandria

TIS PAN EUROPEAN BACKBONEFLAG Euro-Asia (FEA)SMW-4SMW-3TIS POPLANDING STATION Suez

Port Said

Two cable cuts occurred about 10 Km out of Alexandria, Egypt coast, causingsevere service disruption to Carriers and Service Providers relying upon eitherFLAG-FEA and SMW-4

A real case: cable cut emergency on Jan 30, 2008

TI Sparkle Global IP / Data Sales

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Analysts and media reportInternet connectivity isimpacted as severely as:

- 75% in Egypt and Pakistan- 50% in Emirates- 50% in Saudi Arabia- 10% in India

A real case: cable cut emergency on Jan 30, 2008

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IP impacts of cable cut Jan ‘08: lost of Prefixes

Università di Roma 3, RIPE NCC: Fiber Cut Jan 08, Analysis of Network Dynamics - March 2008

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On Jan 30th:- pick of AS PathChanges (green)

- drop of DistinctAS Paths (blu)

Regional ASPaths turbulenceuntil repairs arecompleted

Università di Roma 3, RIPE NCC: Analysis of Network Dynamics-March 2008

IP impacts of cable cut Jan ‘08: AS Paths turbulence

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Università di Roma 3, RIPE NCC: Analysis of Network Dynamics-March 2008

IP impacts of cable cut Jan ‘08: AS Paths Length (red)

Conclusions:- Unreachablenetworks- Increasedlatency andcongestion- Routingtopology entropy- BGP instability

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|Giuseppe Valentino|MENOG 5Cable cut Jan 30, 2008: Sparkle rescue plan to Europe andSingapore

SMW - 3

TIS POPLANDING STATION

TIS PAN EUROPEAN BACKBONE

SMW - 4

FLAGTW-1

Alexandria

Mazara

Palermo

Suez

YeroskiposChania

SMW 3

SMW 4

Marmaris

Jeddah

Djibouti

Fujairah

Muscat

Colombo

Mumbai

KarachiTW-1

Chennai

Taipa

Danang

Tuas

PenangSatun

MedanMersing

Ancol

Pyapong

Mt Lavinia

Tungku

Bizerte

Cochin

Cox’s Bazar

Melaka

Marseilles

Roma

Milano

FLAG

TI Sparkle implemented in 24h some25 Gbps of capacity to rescue someMEA and Asian carriers’ networksheavily impacted by the cable cut

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The Upgrades (1)

Submarine cable systems lifetime is today 15/20 years

In this period the system is subject to several “development” activities:• Increase in capacity• Technical enhancements

Upgrading a multi-owner system cable requires many decisions, to beagreed between all Parties

• Participation /Funding• Technical design• Planning• Capacity distribution

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The Upgrades (2)

Not a “potential” development, but a significant part of the life of asubmarine cable system

• Upgrades in today systems take place in the first 4 to 5 years from RFS

Upgrades costs are clearly lower than initial investment• Not an off-shore activity!• Only specific parts of a system are normally involved

This impacts on Parties Business Plans• any co-owner must preserve its cost efficiency and market competitiveness

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An example: History of upgrades on SMW-4Demand of connectivity from South East Asia, India and the Gulf is strong:since its RFS in Nov. 2005, SMW-4 increases in capacity every year andhalf

Capacity available in 2years doubles the

initial value

SMW-4 has advanceddiscussions on the next

upgrade!!

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Istanbul

Haifa

Tel Aviv

Tripoli

Alexandria

Athens

Marmaris

Chania

Corfù

Durres

Bar

Bari

Otranto

Tartous

Tripoli

Annaba BizerteKelibia

Algeri

Las Palmas

Tetouan

Sesimbra Valencia

Marseille

Barcelona

Malta

Penmarch

Goonhilly

PalermoCatania

Mazara

Suez

Pentaskinos

Columbus III

Italy-Libya SMW-4

IMEWESMW-3

MED

Savona

ALPAL-2

Italy-Tunisia

Italy-Albania

ALETAR

LEV

Italy-Malta

Otranto-Corfù-Bar

Submarine Cable Systems in the Med Basin

• 3 intercontinental existing systems: 24,500 route km in the basin, 16 Tbit/s design capacity

• 13 major intra-regional existing systems: 28,000 route km, 29 Tbit/s design capacity

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TIS European and Mediterranean BackboneTI Sparkle Mediterranean backbone

SPAIN

Barcelona

Ses Covetes

ALGERIA

Ibiza

Rome

Savona

London

Madrid

New YorkNewark

Palma

El Djemila(Algiers)

Marseille

PORTUGAL

Sesimbra

MOROCCO

Tetouan

UNITEDKINGDOM

FRANCE

Penmarch

Goonhilly

Norden

AlexandriaSuez

EGYPT

TURKEY

Marmaris

CYPRUSYeroskiposChania

GREECE

Cairo

Djibouti

SMW 3

SMW 3

Miami

COLUMBUS III

Mazara

PENBAL

ALPAL 2

AnnabaBizerte

Jeddah

SMW 4

SMW 4

TUNISIA

BAR-SAV ITALY

Milan

Paris

FrankfurtBrussels

Zurich

Vienna

Hamburg

Lyon

Oostende GERMANY

Bordeaux

Bratislava

Prague

Munich

Warsaw

DusseldorfAmsterdam

Strasbourg/Kehl

Bilbao

AC-1,Apollo,FA-1,Yellow

FA-1,TYCO

ValenciaPalermo

ISRAEL

Turin

Tel Aviv

Haifa

MED

Istanbul

Athens

LEVTripoli

LIBYA

Birkirkara

Catania

KEL-TRA

Trapani

Kelibia

TIS SUBMARINE CABLE SYSTEMS

TIS POP

LANDING STATION

TIS PAN EUROPEAN BACKBONE

Fortaleza

ATLANTIS2

Lisbon

TripoliLebanon

Pt.Said

IMEWE

IMEWE Planned Jan. 2010

BARI-DURRES

MESTRE-UMAG

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Mt LaviniaCochin

Mumbai

KarachiFujairah

Norden

OstendGoonhilly

Penmarch

Sesimbra

TetouanMazaraChania Marmaris

Yeroskipos

Alexandria Suez

Jeddah

Djibouti City

Muscat

SatunPenang

TuasMersing

Jakarta

Perth

Tungku

Batangas

Okinawa

Keoje

Shanghai

Da Nang

TaipaDeep Water Bay

Shantou

Fangshan

Taucheng

Pyapon

Medan

Pakistan

Djibouti

Morocco

Portugal

France

UK

Germany

Belgium

Italy

Egypt Egypt

Cyprus

Greece Turkey

Saudi Arabia Oman

UAE

India

India

Sri Lanka Indonesia

Indonesia

Singapore

Malaysia Brunei

Thailand

Myanmar Vietnam

Philippines

Australia

Macau

Hong Kong

China

Taiwan

Taiwan

Japan

China

South Korea

Middle East & South East Asia Backbone (SMW3 & SMW4)

Chennai

Colombo

Marseille

Annaba Bizerte

Palermo

Melaka

Cox’s Bazar

France

Algeria Tunisia

Bangladesh

India

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Map

Abidjan

Cotonau

MAURITIUS

Dakar

Canary Is.

Lagos

Douala

Cacuaco

CapeTown(Melkbosstrand)

Durban

Libreville

Accra

Sesimbra

REUNION

Cochin

El Djemila

Valencia

AnnabaKelibia

TrapaniMazara

Palermo

Bizerte

Alexandria

TetouanChania

MarmarisYeroskipos

Suez

Djibouti City

Jeddah

Fujairah

Karachi

Mumbai

Colombo

Muscat

Mt Lavinia


SAFESMW-3SMW-4TRA-KELAL-PAL / PEN-BALMAZ-TRI

SAT-3Lisbon

to Fortaleza

ATLANTIS-2

Tripoli

Africa

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Multiple protected rings on a combination of Flag Atlantic, Yellow, Apollo and TYCO

Additional connectivity to Miami on Columbus III at STM-1 level

MazaraCatania

Vienna

Frankfurt

HamburgAmsterdamLondon

Brussels

ZurichLyon

Barcelona

Madrid

Milan

Annaba

Flag AtlanticTYCO

Columbus 3

Flag Atlantic /Yellow /

Apollo /AC 1

Palermo

Rome

Prague

Bratislava

Warsaw

Dusseldorf

Marseille

Valencia

BilbaoBordeaux

Bizerte

New York 1

New York 2

Miami

Paris

Turin

Basel

Newark

TIS SUBMARINE CABLE SYSTEMS

TIS BACKBONE


IP BACKBONE

Munich

Nuremberg

Palo Alto

Los Angeles

Chicago

DallasAtlanta

Ashburn

Transatlantic Backbone

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Data Center in Miami, NAP ofthe Americas

POP:

Rio de Janeiro

S. Paulo (2)

Buenos Aires (2)

La Paz

Santiago de Chile

Lima

Panama City

Caracas

Rio de Janeiro

New York

St. Croix

Fortaleza

Buenos Aires

La Paz

Santiago

Lurìn

Panama City

Sao Paulo

Caracas

MACMAC

SACSACSACSAC

Lima

TIS SUBMARINE CABLE SYSTEMSBACKBONESUBMARINE CABLE SYSTEMSTIS POPLANDING STATION

Latam Backbone

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TI Sparkle next move

TI Sparkle promoted IMEWE, India, Middle East, Western Europe, a systemlaunched on Feb.5, 2008, with an official signature ceremony in Rome, by the 9carriers joining the project:

TIS (Italy), FT (France),TE (Egypt), Ogero (Lebanon),STC (Saudi Arabia), Etisalat (UAE),PTCL (Pakistan), VSNL/TATA TelecomBharti Airtel (India)RFS of the system is expected in January 2010.

In 2010 IMEWE will be one of the very few cable of new generation (most likelytwo) serving the route India-Europe.

IMEWE will not simply upgrade or compete with systems that already exist; it willextend capacity to under-served and developing markets as well as tocomplement existing infrastructure with physically diverse paths.

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Fujairah

UAE

Karachi

PAKISTAN

Mumbai

INDIASAUDI ARABIA

Jeddah

LEBANON

AlexandriaSuez

FRANCE

Marseille

ITALY

Catania

Segment S1Segment S3Segment S2

EGYPT

Pt. Said

1

2

Tripoli

IMEWE - ConfigurationMax Ultimate Capacity: 3.84 Tbps

Initial Equipage: 260 Gbps

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REGION IMEWE MENA SEACOMTE NORTH EIG HAWK EASSy

ASIA

GULF

COUNTRYPakistanIndiaUAEOmanSaudi ArabiaLebanonSyriaEgyptTurkeyGreeceCyprusLibyaMaltaItalyFranceMonacoGibraltarPortugalUKSudanDjiboutiSomaliaKenyaTanzaniaMozambiqueMadagascarSouth Africa

MEDBASIN

EASTAFRICA

Estimated RFS Q1’10 Q2 ’10 Q2’10 Q2’10 Q3’10 Q3’10

▲▲ ▲ ▲▲

▲▲▲

▲▲▲

∆▲∆

▲∆∆▲▲

▲

▲

▲▲▲▲

▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲

▲

▲▲▲▲▲

▲

▲

▲

▲▲

▲

∆

▲

▲

▲

▲

▲

Source: TIS

New Cable projects in the Euro-Asia-East Africa region

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Shùkran!

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Euro-Asian Submarine Cables An overview - MENOG · Euro-Asian Submarine Cables An overview. 2...

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