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ARCHAEOLOGIAL CONGRESS 4, CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA,JANUARY 1999SESSION: THE FORM, PHYSIQUE AND FITNESS OF EDUCATIONALARCHAEOLOGY: IT IS WORKING OUT?

ETHNICITY AND IDENTITY: ARCHAEOLOGY, EDUCATION ANDBRAZILIAN IDENTITYPEDRO PAULO A FUNARI

INTRODUCTION: ARCHAEOLOGY AND EDUCATION

I !" #$% %&'' ())&*&+ ( (-)(&$'$./ (#+ &+0)(!$# (-&!#&-!)(2'/ '!#3&+ )56 M()K!& 8 S$#& 1994 (#+ ( & *(" !" $5-&*-&"&+ (" !--$-&+ 2/ & +$!#(# .-$0*" !# ( .!; "$)!&/6 T& '(&&+0)($- P(0'$ F-&!-& %(-#&+ ( &+0)($-" !#&-;!&%!# M()L(- 19: @@46 B$ &+0)(!$# (#+ (-)(&$'$./ +&(' 0" %! &(#!*0'(!$# $5 *-&" (#+ *(" $ 5$-.& !+!!&" 0"&50' 5$- *&$*'& !# *$%&- (#+ (-)(&$'$.!"" (#+ &+0)($-" (;& 2& ()!;& *-$$&-" $5 )-!!)('(**-$()&"6 C-!!)(' *&+(.$./ (" 2& )$#)&-#&+ %! "0+ &*&-!)&,(3!#. & *-$2'&" (#+ #&&+" $5 & "0+" &"&';&" (" !" "(-!#. *$!#(#+ 5!.!#. 5$- *&+(.$.!)(' &*$%&- G!-$0 8 M()L(- 19: @4@6 A-)(&$'$.!"", ()3#$%'&+.!#. ( !"$-/ !" %-! 2/ & %!##&-"

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A-)(&$'$.!"" (;& 2& *$!#!#. $0 ( B&(0+-/, C$$3 8 M-$7$%"3! 1991: 1 (-& -&5'&)&+ !# & (&-!(' -&)$-+(#+ ( (-)(&$'$.!"" 0" !#)-&("!#.'/ (3& !#$ ())$0# & !#&-&"" $5 #(!;& *&$*'& T-!..&- 199: (#+ $5 $-+!#(-/ *&$*'& !# .&-(' F0#(-!

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 *-&"(!$# $5 & *(" ( ;(-!&/ $5 &)'0+&+ "02&)", *-$$!#. 0"0'!)0'0-('!" (#+ &*$%&- J$#&" 199: @6 A-)(&$'$./ (" 2&"!5!#. !" 5$)0" 5-$ &'!& &;!+)& $ $-+!#(-/ *&$*'&=" (&-!(' )0'0-&O-"&- 19: 14, (#+ & )$#"0&-" $5 (-)(&$'$.!)(' 3#$%'&+.& (;& 2&

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)$#"!+&-&+ #$ '$#.&- (" )$#"0&-" $5 !"$-/ 20 (" *$""!2'& *-$+0)&-" $5 !"$-/ B(3&- 1991: 6 I+!/ (#+ )'("" !#&-&"" (-& ( & &(- $5 (-)(&$'$.!"" )$#)&-#" L&$#& 19: 41 (#+ *&$*'& 0" 2& )$0-(.& $!#3 (2$0 & *(" (#+ !" "!.#!5!)(#)& $ *-&" !""0&" A-&"!72(' 1991:16 A-)(&$'$./ (#+ &+0)(!$# !#&-"&) *(-!)0'(-'/ !# 0"&0", )'(""-$$"

(#+ &2$$3" (#+ !" *(*&- +&('" %! & 0"& $5 (&-!(' )0'0-& !# B-(7!'$ 5$-.& '$)(', "(& (#+ #(!$#(' !+!!&" 2/ "0+/!#. -&& )("&": & !&+5&(0-&" $5 &+0)(!$#(' (-)(&$'$./ !# ( "$0&-# )$0#!/, & !&+5&&'!#." (2$0 2'()3 !+!/ (#+ $% ")$$' &2$$3" +&(' %!(-)(&$'$.!)(' "02&)"6

ARCHAEOLOGY AND BRAZILIAN IDENTITY

B-(7!' !" ( $" "-!3!#.'/ )$0#-/, 2&"& 2/ )$#-(+!)!$#"6 N$%(+(/", ! 2$("" & '(-.&" &)$#$/, ('$" (" 2!., !# &-" $5 GNP, (" C(#(+( (#+ S*(!#6 A & "(& !&, ! (" $#& $5 & $" (**(''!#.('+!"-!20!$# $5 !#)$&: & -!)&" @ &(-# @ !&" $-& (# &

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I $%& (#3" $ & 5$''$%!#. )$''&(.0&", %$ 5$-%(-+&+ *(*&-"(#+ &'*&+ & !# +!55&- %(/": A-$# M(7&', C(-'&" E6 O-"&-, J-6, M!)(&'

S(#3", B-0)& G6 T-!..&-6 T& !+&(" &*-&""&+ &-& (-& / $%#, 5$- %!) I('$#& ( &-&5$-& -&"*$#"!2'&6 T& -&"&(-) %(" *$""!2'& (#3" $ &5$''$%!#. !#"!0!$#": B-(7!'!(# N(!$#(' R&"&(-) C$0#)!', M0"&0 +&S(2(0! +& J$!#;!''&6

REFERENCES

A-&"!72(', I6 19916 P(-& P-!(6 I# M0"&! !# -("5$-(7!$#!: *-$"*&!;&

+&''( 0"&$'$.!( & +&''( 0"&$.-(5!(, A-&"!72(', I6 8 A6 P!;( &+", 1@6M!'(#: G(2-!&'& M(77$(6B(3&-, F6 19916 A-)(&$'$./, H(2&-(" (#+ & *($'$.!&" $5 $+&-#!/6 I#W-!!#. & P(" !# & P-&", B(3&-, F6 8 J6 T$(" &+", 4@6L(*&&-: U#!;&-"!/ P-&""6

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B&(0+-/, M6C6, L6J6 C$$3 8 S6 A6 M-$7$%"3! 19916 A-!5()" (#+ ()!;&;$!)&": (&-!(' )0'0-& (" "$)!(' +!")$0-"&6 I# T& A-)(&$'$./ $5 I#&0('!/,P(/#&-, R6 8 R6 M)G0!-& &+", 11916 O5$-+: B'()3%&''6F0#(-!, P6P6 A6 19946 R&")0!#. $-+!#(-/ *&$*'&=" )0'0-&: 0"&0", (&-!(')0'0-& (#+ &+0)(!$# !# B-(7!'6 I# T& P-&"&+ P(", H&-!(.&, 0"&0"

(#+ &+0)(!$#, S$#&, P6 8 B6L6 M$'/#&(0 &+", 1@16 L$#+$#:R$0'&+.&6G!-$0, H6 A6 8 P6 M()L(- 196 T&()&- &+0)(!$# (#+ & *$'!!)" $5 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 S(# 0#&-.(&-&-" (#+ & $-!.!#" $5 S$0 A5-!)(=" 2'()3 *$*0'(!$# !#-&) S$0 A5-!)(# !"$-/ &2$$3"6 S$0 A5!)(# A-)(&$'$.!)(' B0''&!#4@, 116M(7&', A6 D6 1996 P&$*'& (3!#. !"$-/: & '(" $0"(#+ /&(-" $5 

0#&-.(&-&- )$0#!!&" !# & T03&'( B("!#6 N((' M0"&0 J$0-#(' $5 H0(#!!&" 1, 116O-"&-, C6E6 196 T$%(-+ ( &$-/ $5 *$%&- 5$- !"$-!)(' (-)(&$'$./6P'(#(!$# (#+ "*()&6 I# T& R&)$;&-/ $5 M&(#!#.: H!"$-!)(' (-)(&$'$./ !#& E("&-# U#!&+ S(&", L&$#&, M6P6 8 P6P6 P$&- &+", 146W("!#.$#: S!"$#!(# I#"!0!$# P-&""6P(/#&-, R6 1996 A5-$A&-!)(#" !# & M(""()0"&" !"$-!)(' '(#+")(*&6I# T& P$'!!)" $5 & P(", G(&-)$'&, P6 8 D6 L$%(' &+", 49@6L$#+$#: U#%!# H/(#6S(#3", M6 8 C6 T!''&/ 196 R&C$#"-0)!#. A-)(&$'$./6 C(2-!+.&:

C(2-!+.& U#!;&-"!/ P-&""6T-!..&-, B6G6 1996 T& 199": N$- A&-!)(# (-)(&$'$./ %! ( 0(#5()&? A#!0!/ 4, 6  D&*(-($ +& H!"-!(, I#"!0$ +& F!'$"$5!( & C!#)!(" H0(#(",U#!;&-"!+(+& E"(+0(' +& C(*!#(", C6 P$"(' 11, C(*!#(", 119,SP, B-(7!', 5( 19 @9 @, *&+-$50#(-!"!6)$62-6