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Ethics and conflict
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Transcript of Ethics and conflict
The Role of Ethics on Conflict Handling Styles
A Scenario Based Study
Ozan Nadir Alakavuklar & Ulaş Çakar
By
(November 2012)
Roadmap
Research Objectives
Literature Review
Theoretical Framework
Barki and Hartwick’s Conflict Typology
Interpersonal Conflict Handling Styles
Ethical Approaches
Methodology
The Relationship between Ethical Approaches & Conflict Handling Styles
Deontology and Interpersonal Conflict Handling Styles
Egoism /Relativism and Interpersonal Conflict Handling Styles
Conclusion
Limitations and Recommendations for Future Research.
Research Objectives
Ethical approaches are taken into consideration in the context of inter- personal conflict handling
Employed a scenario based approach which is not widespread in the conflict management literature.
Interpersonal conflict is a natural consequence of human interaction…
One of the basic processes that must be managed within organizations (Thomas, 1992).
Conflict Handling Styles Emotions (Bell & Song, 2005; Desivilya & Yagil, 2005; Shih & Susanto, 2010)
Cultural Traits (Kozan & Ergin, 1999;Ting-Toomey et al., 1991)
Personality (Antonioni, 1998; Barbuto, Phipps,& Xu, 2010)
Religions (Croucher, 2011)
Literature Review
Theoretical Framework
Conflict occurs when two social entities…
Incongruent activity with their needs Behavioral preferences Mutually desirable resource Exclusive attitudes, values… Joint actions etc…
Emergence of Conflict Ethical Approach(Carlson & Kacmar, 1997).
Differences in Ethical values
Ethical Approach
Diff Ethical values
Conflict
Barki and Hartwick’s Conflict Typology
A Typology for Conceptualizing and Assessing Interpersonal Conflict in Organizations
Interpersonal Conflict’s Focus
Task Content or Task Process Interpersonal Relationship
Cognition / Disagreement
Disagreement with the other about what should be done in a task or how a task should be done .
Disagreement with the other’s personal values, views, preferences, etc.
Behavior / Interference
Preventing the other from doing what they think should be done in a task or how a task should be done.
Preventing the other from doing things unrelated to task .
Affect / Negative Emotion
Anger and frustration directed to the other about what should be done in a task or how a task should be done .
Anger and frustration directed to the other as a person.
Inte
rpers
on
al C
on
flic
t’s P
rop
ertie
s
Interpersonal Conflict Handling Styles
The Dual Concern Model of the Styles of Handling Interpersonal Conflict
Concern For Self
HIGH LOW
Integrating
Obliging
Dominating
Avoiding Con
cern
F
or
O
thers
LO
W H
IGH
Compromising
Ethical Approaches
Deontological Approach Ethical Egoism Approach Relativism Approach
Sample Data gathered through a web survey Study population included every academic personnel
working in public universities in Turkey .
Data Collection Methods Scenario: For concrete decision-making situation resembling
real-life situations. Scenario is about two assistant professors (Ayla and Murat) A question is asked to determine whether the given
situation is perceived as a conflict involving situation.
Scales Ethical orientation scale Rahim’s Organizational Conflict Inventory-II
Methodology
Methodology
Analysis Partial Correlation analysis Stepwise Regression analysis
Findings Sample have higher orientation to deontological approach Integrating handling style preferred Obliging style least preferred Social desirability (Control variable)
The Relationship between Ethical Approaches & Conflict Handling Styles
Approaches Relationship Conflict Handling Style
Deontological Negative Avoiding, obliging & compromising
Egoism Positive Avoiding, obliging &
compromising
Relativism Positive Avoiding, obliging & compromising
Supported and Not Supported Hypotheses of the
Study Hypotheses
Statements Result
H1 There is a negative relationship between deontology oriented individual and tendency to choose obliging style
Supported
H2 There is a negative relationship between deontology oriented individual and tendency to choose compromising
style
Supported
H3 There is negative relationship between deontology oriented individual and tendency to choose avoiding style in a conflict situation
Not Supported
H4 There is a positive relationship between deontology oriented individual and tendency to choose dominating
style
Not Supported
H5 There is a positive relationship between egoism oriented individual and tendency to choose obliging handling style.
Supported
H6 There is a positive relationship between egoism oriented
individual and tendency to prefer integrating style. Not Supported
H7 There is a positive relationship between relativism oriented individual and tendency to choose obliging style.
Supported
H8 There is a positive relationship between relativism oriented
individual and tendency to prefer integrating style. Not Supported
The relationship between ethical approaches and handling styles is intensified in the area of obliging style.
The study led to a distinction between “concern for self” and “concern for others” on the basis of the ethical approaches (either with a positive or a negative relationship)
Discussion
Integrating Obliging
Dominating Avoiding
Compromising
C
ON
CER
N F
OR
OTH
ER
S L
OW
H
IGH
CONCERN FOR SELFHIGH LOW
EgoismRelativism
Deontological(Negative)
Egoism
The Intensity of the Relationship on Dual Concerns Model
Deontology and Interpersonal Conflict Handling Styles
Deontology oriented individual does not oblige or compromise in a conflict situation.
The perception of the given conflict situation does not provide tools for Deontological individuals to integrate .
In the given scenario, the results indicate that domination tool is not perceived.
There is negative relationship between avoiding and deontology approach.
Egoism and Interpersonal Conflict Handling Styles
An individual with Egoism will demonstrate obliging style.
An individual oriented to egoism approach may prefer avoiding style.
Egoism oriented individual does not prefer compromising style since the actors do not have any alternative to negotiate.
In the scenario, it is noticed that integration style is not preferred by Egoism approach.
The scenario are not perceived enough for preferring dominating style
Relativism and Interpersonal Conflict Handling Styles
The scenario given, a relativism oriented individual has tendency to choose obliging style.
The situation given in the scenario does not provide a possible way of collaboration with Murat.
In the given scenario depending upon the situation it is not reasonable for relativism oriented person to employ
(a) Dominating style because of being colleagues and having insufficient tools,
(b) Avoiding style since there is no need to ignore the situation(c) Compromising style since there is nothing that Ayla can
offer in the negotiation.
Conclusion
This study indicated that ethical approaches have a role in determining the preference of interpersonal conflict handling style with the given scenario.
The findings are also valuable considering the diversified nature of the workplaces.
Limitations and Recommendations for Future Research
Limitations Just three of the ethical approaches Limited ethical conflict situation described in the scenario.
Recommendations Different positions among the conflict experiencing. Considering the cultural dimensions.
Questions Please