ESTIVAL NETWORKS IN THE HELLENISTIC AND ROMAN ORLDS · 2014-09-12 · FESTIVAL NETWORKS IN THE...

Onno van Nijf

Christina Williamson

CRASIS Annual Meeting 2012 “Cultures of Networks in the Ancient Mediterranean – 9 & 10 February, 2012

FESTIVAL NETWORKS IN THE HELLENISTIC AND ROMAN WORLDS

Agenda

1. Introduction – Greek cities in the Hellenistic world

2. Network models and festivals – the case of Stratonikeian network building through the festival of

Hekate at Lagina

3. Network agents at festivals – the role of theoroi, athletes, and associations

4. Conclusion – building a ‘small world’ through festivals?

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FESTIVAL NETWORKS IN THE HELLENISTIC WORLD

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The Classical periodos: Olympia, Delphi, Nemea, Isthmia

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Stratonikeia and the sanctuary of Hekate at Lagina

Agenda



Hekate at Lagina


4. Conclusion – building a ‘small world’ through festivals

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Some useful literature

Archibald, Z.H. (2000) 'Making the most of one's friends. Western Asia Minor in the early Hellenistic age', in Z.H. Archibald and L.A. Hall, ed. Hellenistic economies, London, 245-270

Brughmans, T. (Forthcoming) 'Facebooking the past. A critical social network analysis approach for archaeology', in A. Chrysanthi et al., eds, Thinking beyond the tool. Archaeological computing and the interpretative process, Oxford

Chwe, M.S.-Y. (2000) 'Communication and coordination in social networks', The Review of Economic Studies 67(1), 1-16

Collar, A. (2007) 'Network theory and religious innovation', Mediterranean Historical Review 22(1), 149-162 Gould, R.V. (1993) 'Collective action and network structure', American Sociological Review 58, 182-196 Horden, P. and N. Purcell (2000) The corrupting sea. A study of Mediterranean history, Oxford Kowalzig, B. (2007) 'Mapping out communitas. Performances of theoria in their sacred and political

context', in J. Elsner and I. Rutherford, ed. Pilgrimage in Graeco-Roman and early Christian antiquity, Oxford, 41-72

Ma, J. (2003) 'Peer polity and interaction in the Hellenistic age', Past and Present 180, 9-39 Malkin, I. (2005) 'Networks and the emergence of Greek identity', in I. Malkin, ed. Mediterranean

paradigms and classical antiquity, London, 56-74 Malkin, I., C. Constantakopoulou, et al. (2007) 'Preface: Networks in the Ancient Mediterranean',

Mediterranean Historical Review 22(1), 1-9 Meijers, E. (2007) 'From Central Place to Network model. Theory and evidence of a paradigm change',

Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 98(2), 245-259 Rutherford, I. (2007) 'Network theory and theoric networks', Mediterranean Historical Review 22(1), 23-37 –

and other contributions in this issue! Watts, D.J. and S.H. Strogatz (1998) 'Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks', Nature 393(4 June

1998), 440-442

The world seen from Magnesia on the Maeander


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Magnesia on the Maeander


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Stratonikeia in Karia


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(Stratonikeia - demes) The five older communities known from demotics: - Hiera Kome (ΙΕ) - Koranza (ΚΖ) - Koliorga (ΚΟ) - Koraia (ΚΩ) - Lobolda (ΛΟ) (Cousin and Diehl 1887; Şahin 1976, 1-15; Debord 1994)

Koranza

Koliorga

Koranza

Koraia/Lobolda

Koraia/Lobolda


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Hekate and Lagina

Tridrachm, 160-130 BC – Zeus & Hekate (Meadows 2002 Group 1, specimen 1a)

Temple architrave frieze – Hekate in a gigantomachy

Sanctuary complex – late 2nd c. BC


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(Stratonikeia - demes)

STRATONIKEIA

LAGINA Koranza

Koliorga

Koranza

Koraia/Lobolda

Koraia/Lobolda

The five older communities become the demes of Stratonikeia with Lagina as common sanctuary and ‘central’ node of the polis


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(wider Stratonikeian territory after SC)

Stratonikeia becomes one of the largest poleis in Karia after the territorial annex granted in the Senatus Consultum of 81 BC


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The world according to Stratonikeia

LAGINA

Map of the 57 cities that recognized the asylia (inviolability) of Lagina granted by Rome after the Mithridatic wars (80s BC), and participated in the Hekatesia-Romaia festivals (I.Stratonikeia 505-508)


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The regional festival network of Stratonikeia List of places in which an athlete from Kos was victorious, including the Hekatesia at Lagina (Iscrizioni di Cos EV 203)

LAGINA

Agenda



Hekate at Lagina



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Network specialists at agonistic festivals

1. Theoroi & theorodokoi

2. Athletes

3. Associations of artists

Theoroi jJoint sacrifice

Points

mean prizes

Association (SYNODOS) in Hierapolis


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Network agents #2 – Prize-winning Athletes


Aurelius Demostratos Damas of Sardis documents from: Sardis, Ephesos, Delphi, Hermoupolis, Rome

Hermoupolis

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Aurelius Demostratos Damas of Sardis – superstar! – locations of victories

2x Olympia

2x Puteoli

3x Nemea

3x Argos Aspis

3x Rome

3x Nikopolis

3x Pergamon

3x Rhodes

4x Naples

4x Sardis

4x Alexandria

4x Pythia

5x Isthmia

6x Smyrna

9x Ephesos

10x Athens

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Aurelius Demostratos Damas of Sardis - everyone loves him! – international citizenship

Alexandria

Antinoopolis

Argos

Athens

Corinth

Delphi

Ephesos

Elis

Sardis (patris)

Lakedaimon

Miletos

Naples

Nikomedia

Pergamon

Pinara

Smyrna

Tralles

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Network agents #3 – Associations of artists Associations with HQ in the great Hellenistic centers

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Network agents #3 – associations and their links

Athens

Kappadokia

Thessaly

Boeotia

Phokis

Isthmia -

Nemea

Lokris

Delphi

Chalkedon

Chalkis

Olympia

Delos

Alexandria

Ptolemais

Cyprus

Ionia -

Hellespont Teos

Magnesia on the Maeander

Elaia

Aetolian League

Antiochos III Seleukeia - Tigris

Samothrake

Kos

Pergamon

Argos

Amphictyonic League

Salamis Paphos

S. Italy -

Sicily


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The Roman periodos is a small world!

Hellas

Aegyptus

Asia

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ROME

Italia

Agenda



Hekate at Lagina



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Conclusions

LOCAL

unification of the polis

GLOBAL

recognition from the Greek world

REGIONAL

engagement of peer network

FESTIVAL NODES

NETWORK BUILDING SCALES

STRATONIKEIA & LAGINA CASE STUDY

THEOROI

reciprocity through delegates

ATHLETES

political bonds transfer of

knowledge

ASSOCIATIONS

facilitators in global traffic

FESTIVAL TIES

NETWORK BUILDING AGENTS

THEMATIC DISCUSSION


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The ‘small world’ of festivals

Hellas

Egypt

Asia

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PAN-HELLENIC FESTIVALS

Italia

Ds

Thank you for your attention!


ESTIVAL NETWORKS IN THE HELLENISTIC AND ROMAN ORLDS · 2014-09-12 · FESTIVAL NETWORKS IN THE...

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