Estimation and Control of Diesel Engine Processes Utilizing
Transcript of Estimation and Control of Diesel Engine Processes Utilizing
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Technical Advisor Advanced Engineering
Estimation and Control of Diesel Engine Processes Utilizing Variable Intake Valve Actuation
Lyle E. Kocher
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• Experimental Test Bed • Model Based Approach • Gas Exchange Model
• Manifold Filling Dynamics • Volumetric Efficiency • Oxygen Fraction Dynamics
• Combustion Model
• PCCI Combustion Timing Model • Controller Development
• PCCI Combustion Timing • Summary
Presentation Overview
VGT Position
EGR Valve Position
EGR VALVE
Exhaust
Intake Manifold
Exhaust Manifold
CAC
IVC Modulation
Fueling
EGR Cooler
FRESH AIR
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2010 Cummins ISB • 360 HP (268 kW) • 17.3:1 Compression Ratio • Common Rail Fuel Injection • Air-Handling System
• Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve • Variable Geometry Turbocharger
• Variable Valve Actuation System • Electro-Hydraulic System • Cylinder Independent • Cycle-to-cycle
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Gas Exchange Process
Combustion Process
• Conventional combustion
• Advanced combustion strategies (i.e. PCCI, LTC)
EGR valve position
VGT position
Valve Timing
Engine speed
Exhaust gas enthalpy
mIVC
[O2]IVC
ECR
TIVC
“mixing”
Fuel injection
Torque
Emissions
Fuel consumption Exhaust gas
enthalpy
Model Based Approach
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• Physically-based generalizable models • Validated experimentally • Validated via analysis (math-based stability, convergence rate, and sensitivity/uncertainty analysis)
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• 5 Model States • Intake Manifold
• Pressure • Temperature
• Exhaust Manifold • Pressure • Temperature
• Turbo Shaft Speed VGT
Position
EGR Valve Position
EGR VALVE
Exhaust
EGR Cooler
Intake Manifold
Exhaust Manifold
LFE AIR FILTER FRESH AIR
CAC
Intake Valve Modulation
Fueling Commands
Gas Exchange Model
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Intake Manifold State Equations
Exhaust Manifold State Equations
Turbocharger Speed State Equation
( )im imim egr egr c cac e im
im
Rp W T W T W TV
γ= + −
( ) ( ) ( )im imim egr im egr im c im cac im e im im im
im im
R TT W T T W T T W T TP V
γ γ γ = − + − + −
( )exh exhem e f exh egr em t em
em
Rp W W T W T W TV
γ = + − −
( )( ) ( ) ( )em emem e f em exh em egr em em em t em em em
em em
R TT W W T T W T T W T TP V
γ γ γ = + − + − + −
m turb comptc
turb tc
P PI
ηω
ω−
=
Gas Exchange Model
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Volumetric Efficiency Model
Exhaust Enthalpy Model
Analytical Turbocharger Performance Functions
( )1
1 ea
e a
kkf LHVim e
evo tdck kc im evo e im
a N b m Qp kECRT Vm R V k P ECR−
⋅ + −= +
2e im vol dNW Vρ η=
( ) ( )( ) ( )
, ,
, ,c c turb t t turb
c c turb t t turb
W f PR N W f PR N
f PR N f PR Nη η
= =
= =
Gas Exchange Model
( ) ( ) ( )eff
ef ivo ivf c
ivcim ivc em ivo em evc ivo im i
k
v v p ivo ivc s
vol
vc ivo wall imivc
im d p
VP V P V P V V P V V T T
Vc c
c
R
P
c R h
V
A
η−−
− − − +
− − −
=
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Volumetric Efficiency Model Results
± 5% Lines 2.5% RMS Error
Gas Exchange Model
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1850 RPM, 300 ft-lb
Gas Exchange Model Results
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imim amb c em egr im e
im im
RTF F W F W F WP V
= + −
( )emem eo e f em egr em t
em em
RTF F W W F W F WP V
= + − −
Gas Exchange Model
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Gas Exchange Model
Oxygen Fraction Estimator Results
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Start of Combustion Prediction
Red lines are ± 2°CA
PCCI Combustion Timing Model
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• What needs to be controlled to control PCCI combustion timing?
• Can we separate dynamics?
Slower dynamics driven by gas exchange process
Faster dynamics driven by fuel injection process
PCCI Combustion Timing Model
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1600 rpm & 140 ft-lbf Fim Command Step Change
PCCI Combustion Timing Controller
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1600 rpm & 140 ft-lbf SOC Command Step Change
PCCI Combustion Timing Controller
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• Experimental Test Bed • Model Based Approach • Gas Exchange Model
• Manifold Filling Dynamics • Volumetric Efficiency • Oxygen Fraction Dynamics
• Combustion Model
• PCCI Combustion Timing Model • Controller Development
• PCCI Combustion Timing • Summary
Summary
VGT Position
EGR Valve Position
EGR VALVE
Exhaust
Intake Manifold
Exhaust Manifold
CAC
IVC Modulation
Fueling
EGR Cooler
FRESH AIR
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