Chapter 7 From DNA to Protein: How Cells

Read the Genome

Essential Cell Biology

Third Edition

Copyright © Garland Science 2010

The  Interna*onal  Gene*cally  Engineered  Machine  (iGEM)  Compe**on  is  a  worldwide  Synthe*c  Biology  compe**on  aimed  at  undergraduate  university  students.  

130 Teams In 2010!

(but no UCSB )

Adhesion of mammalian cells Computational design of multicellular behavior

Characterization of new ���mammalian activators & repressors

Engineering of Notch-Delta communication system

Summary of Achievements Complex mammalian ���logic circuit

Figure 7-1 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-2 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

NOTE: [mRNA] weakly correlates with [protein]

DNA  Microarrays  Can  be  Used  to  Measure  mRNA  species  Abundance  

Figure 7-3 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

There are two primary differences between DNA and RNA

Figure 7-5 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Table 7-4 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-7 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-8 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Efficient transcription enables many transcripts to be made from one gene simultaneously

Table 7-1 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-9 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

In bacteria sigma factors direct RNApol to promoters

Figure 7-10 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

The sequence features of promoters are conserved

Consensus -10 and -35 sequences

Figure 7-11 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Table 7-2 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-12 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-13 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-14 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-16a Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

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Figure 7- 23a Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-23b Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-24 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

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Figure 7-31 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

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Figure 7-35 (part 1 of 5) Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

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Figure 7-37 (part 1 of 3) Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

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Figure 7-38 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Ribosomes are recruited to the Kozak Sequence

Table 7-3 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)

Figure 7-40 Essential Cell Biology (© Garland Science 2010)