Esei Ethics
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Transcript of Esei Ethics
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The concept of Ethics was introduced by Socrates and had become a philosophical
discipline by Aristotle. Ethics is referred to a disciple that tries to set up criteria for good and bad
behaviour or actions, and to evaluate the motives for these actions, and the consequences. In addition,
global ethic has become an important issue to be discussed widely. A global ethic refers to anything
that has to do with ethical issue that affecting the world by having a vision of a global transformation
of ethical awareness. As stated by Nigel Dower in Journal of Global Ethics (2005), global ethics is
considered as a systematic reflective enquiry into the nature, content, justification and application of
a global ethic and the comparison of different global ethics while a global ethic can also be defined
as a claim by an individual or group about universal values and transnational responsibilities, or as a
set of values and norms, universally accepted; or as a set of values widely shared by people from all
over the world. The Commission defines the shared values based on the following five ethical
pillars;
human rights and responsibilities;
democracy and the elements of civil society;
the protection of minorities;
commitment to peaceful conflict resolution and fair negotiation; and
intergenerational equity.
Awareness is created whether at a worldwide, national or local level, men and women, which
dependent on shared basic ethical values, criteria and attitudes for peaceful coexistence. The concern
and awareness are emphasized on the actions that been taken by the citizens, professionals and
political leaders of nations, and with the international law as the world is experiencing fundamental
crisis such as crisis in global economy, global ecology and global politics. Crisis such as the lack of a
grand vision, the tangle of unresolved problems, political paralysis, mediocre political leadership
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with little insight or foresight, consequently problems developed in the society itself. Increasing
suffer from unemployment, poverty, hunger and family destruction. Peace is still a dream for
hundreds of millions of human beings in this planet. Peace among nations slips away from us with
wars and conflicts that seem to be never end of it. Tension and issues between sexes and generations
are still remaining unsolved. Corruption has become a tradition in politics and business. To be
living together peacefully in our society without social, racial and ethnic conflicts, religion issues,
the abuse of drugs, organized crime and even anarchy with collapsing of ecosystem that threatens us;
it is really a long journey to go.
The question What is good? has been occupying human beings for millennia and
controversies are not subsiding. Thus, global ethic is aiming not only to raise the awareness, but it is
indeed a progressive thing that must be carried out. It emphasize on being respect to identifying
moral values and norms intended to advance the welfare of human beings and their relations with
other entities on the planet, for example, the social communities, other species, ecosystems, and the
like. By identifying a unique set of moral problems, global ethics cut across national boundaries,
shared by diverse people and communities despite their different geographical locations. Global
ethics show that problems need to be addressed holistically and cooperatively if they are to be solved
pragmatically and realistically. There is no national boundary in confronting problems such as air
pollution, climate imbalance, international crime, military conflict, and terrorism. In addition, despite
of geographic and other differences, there are societies that suffer from, for example, poverty,
starvation, malnutrition, discrimination, oppression, decreasing biodiversity, and environmental
degradation. Human concern is a common on those problems and that they can only be resolved (or
at least mitigated) by a coordinated effort by the entire world population.
In approaching towards the moral and ethical issues of our time, through trans-national and
multidisciplinary research and exchange of expertise, strategy must be used. Ethics and morality play
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important role in ones life and by developing and providing theoretical frameworks to analyze
current moral and ethical dilemmas and to translate them into concrete policy recommendations,
global ethics are important, started from a human rights until reaching the global issues that been
stated before. Human right refers to rights to which every person is entitled because she or he is
human and in order for us to live in an ethical world, human rights need to be protected. This is
where global ethics are applicable by all societies from different levels and its intersection with the
professionals.
Profession is a problem, which does not simply mean being paid for services. Professions are
occupations whose members receive their licenses in return for their pledge or assurance. The
learned profession sare occupations whose core product and service is their pledge to put the
interests of others ahead of their own while providing their specific services (Lewis, J.W, 2001). The
professions are identified by the segment of the human condition they serve and by the tools they
employ. An example of professions is health profession. Utilization of global ethics among health
professionals will be discussed here. One of global problems is the disparities in wealth and health
within and between the nations are widening. Failure in reducing poverty and improving health are
the evident that there is something wrong in terms of access to health care for individuals, and in
relation to the health of whole population. Until the 1960s, ethics is not something to be discussed
among them. As technology and medicine, in addition to an increasing concern for individual rights
and freedom, this led the involvement of health professionals especially on biomedical issues. The
most established relationship is the doctor-patient relationship. Ethics are considered for example in
relation to withholding and withdrawing treatments, advance directives and physician-assisted
assisted suicide. Still the fundamental of global ethics that every human must be treated equally is
always being considered. As a health professional, it is important to provide something and play to
the society buy manipulating their tool with constant upgrading of information and skills. According
to John W. Lewis (2001), a healer in any society is likely to approach this problematic smudge by
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identifying this as a green spot, having learned the descriptive words green and spot from a
teacher. This is diagnosis. The healer will then decide that the best means of removing this particular
sort of spot from this surface is with acetone (cure) or with Wite-Out (symptomatic treatment). By
playing the appropriate role will follows the Golden Rule that whatever you want men to do to you,
do also to them.
The ethics of professions is matter ordained by the wishes of the served society. In intending
to serve the public, the professionals such as health professional must reflect the wishes of the
supporting society by looking their needs, requirements and resources. Ethical behavior in the health
professional will lead to enlighten of their tasks and roles in the society and also helping them to
make decisions when confronting cases or arguments from the society.
What happens when the personal values of the provider contrast with the values of the servedpatient or society?
Should a nurse who personally hate abortion refuse to advise a patient in a public charityhospital?
Should a physician who is pro-choice refrain from advising a woman in need just because heworks in a Catholic hospital?
Should a physician with children at home care for a patient with a highly communicabledisease?
These are all questions that focus on the public trust of the professional. Thus, by having a firm
ethics, professional can make the judgments needed in each situation. Global ethics will provide the
health professionals methodologies for addressing these questions can have great short-term and
long-term importance. A clear awareness of ethical codes, standards and principle is necessary for
health professionals. By having the knowledge and clarity about ethical and human rights principle
will strengthen the involvement of health professionals in human rights violations and strengthen
their actions to prevent such violations.
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Global ethics has become a necessary today by centralizing the moral justification of human
rights based on the fundamental of demand which is every human being must be treated humanely.
Shared values of global ethics can be found in all the great religious and philosophical traditions of
humankind. Awareness is important for them to and there is no to invent new values. By seeking
similarity and approaching common morality allow society to achieve agreement and reasoning an
action and take a response regarding on issues that been agreed together. Like what been stated by
Beauchamp and Childress; the common morality is the set of norms shared by all persons committed
to morality. The common morality is not merely a morality, in contrast to other moralities. The
common morality is applicable to all persons in all places, and we rightly judge all human conduct
by its standards. (Beauchamp,2009). Ethical behaviour will always depend on analysis and action by
an individual who must choose between good and bad or between alternative goods. Still, only the
individual, who knows the motivations for the choice, will make an ethical choice and action.