ESA’s Earth Observation missions and climate: an update...here are those surrounding Cyclone Idai....
Transcript of ESA’s Earth Observation missions and climate: an update...here are those surrounding Cyclone Idai....
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Paul Fisher & Paolo Cipollini
ESA’s Earth Observation missions and climate: an update
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Agenda
• Introduction to ESA
• ESA Earth Observation missions: review and update
• ESA Climate Change Initiative
• Climate Change Initiative: scientific highlights
• Engaging the public, educators and students
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
ESA Directorates
Director General
Jan Wörner
Science
Guenther Hasinger
Launchers
Daniel
Neuenschwander
Human Spaceflight
& Robotic
Exploration
David Parker
Earth Observation
Josef
Aschbacher
Telecom & Integrated
Applications
Magali Vaissière
Galileo &
Navigation-related
Activities
Paul Verhoef
Technical & Quality
Management
Franco Ongaro
Industry, Procurement
& Legal Services
Eric Morel
De Westgaver
Internal Services
Jean Max Puech
Operations
Rolf Densing
Launchers Navigation
Telecoms Earth ObservationHuman spaceflight & robotics
Space scienceSpace science
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Taking the Pulse of our Planet
ESA Vision for EO
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
European Citizens’ Priorities in Space
“In the eyes of Europeans, the primary area of progression for space
activities would be to foster a better understanding of what is
happening on Earth, particularly regarding the climate”
Q: In the future, do you believe that priority should be given or not to space
activities that allow us to ... ?
TOP 5 Priorities:
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Satellites25 under development
15 in operation
ESA-Developed Earth Observation Missions
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Aeolus – ESA’s wind mapping mission
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Aeolus mission status
The strong westerly wind in the jet stream, with speeds of more than 200km/h, is clearly visible at the altitude of c10km. On this day, very strong winds extended from the jet stream all the way down to the surface and caused problems for traffic and construction.
Since Aeolus measures wind in the cloud-free atmosphere and within thin clouds and top of thick clouds, the measurements here are those surrounding Cyclone Idai. Here strong easterly winds north of the hurricane (in red on the left), with wind speeds of up to 150km/h. In the upper right corner (altitude 22-25km), the tropical stratospheric easterly jet can be seen in red and lower down on the right (altitude 10-16km) the sub tropical westerly jet in the southern hemisphere is visible in blue.
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Sentinel-5 PrecursorCOPERNICUS ATMOSPHERE MISSION IN POLAR ORBIT
The TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) is the payload of the S5P mission and was jointly developed by The
Netherlands and ESA. Polar synchronous orbit at a height of about 820 km. Global coverage within 1 day (swath of 2600
km). Ground-pixel spatial resolution of 7 x 3.5 km. Open data access following the Copernicus Data Policy.
Copernicus Sentinel-5P – atmospheric monitoring mission
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Sentinel-5 Precursor Products
• Methane (CH4)
• Tropospheric Ozone Column (trop. O3)
• Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
• Formaldehyde (OCHO)
• Total Columns of Ozone (O3)
• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
• Carbon Monoxide (CO)
• Cloud information
• Aerosol information
• Radiances/Irradiances
cop
yrig
ht:
co
nta
ins
mo
dif
ied
Co
per
nic
us
da
ta (
20
18
), p
roce
ssed
by
KN
MI
Copernicus Sentinel-5P
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Sentinel-5P results
Copyright: Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2017-2019) / processed by SRON and KNMI
Transboundary Carbon Monoxide Total Ozone columns
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Big Data Revolution
ESA EO Data ArchivePetabyte
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
2000 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026
Sentinel missions operated by ESA
Earth Explorer missions
Heritage missions
Third Party & Contributing Missions
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Essential Climate Variables (ECVs)
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
• Established 2010• €160M• 450 researchers• 13 ECVs transferred
to C3S
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
ECVs under development by ESA CCI
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Ç`
Exploiting the EO satellite archive
35+ years of satellite data
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Climate Change Initiative
Global Mean Sea Level Budget9,000 Gt glacier ice loss since 1961
Land Cover & Sea Surface Temperature time series Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (ppm)
Antarctic Ice Sheet Contribution to Global Sea Level
Sea Ice Concentration
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
CCI achievements to date
178
100+
22
133 4.2
64028
15
13
450
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Stories of Change
from the CCI Datasets
Photo by James Wheeler from Pexels
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Ice Sheets
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Antarctica – ice loss accelerating
”There has been a step
increase in ice losses from Antarctica during the past decade.
A Shepherd (University of Leeds & Antarctica_cci Science Leader)
219 billion tonnes of ice
loss per year 2012 -2017 - a three-fold increase from the preceding 10 years.
7.6mm of global mean sea level
since 1992 due to Antarctic ice loss
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
A quarter of Antarctica is unstable
Shepherd et al GRL, 2019
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Glaciers
ASTER image: USGS/JAXA
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
1 km
N
Patagonia
Landsat data: USGS
1998
2014
to
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Landsat data: USGS
1985
2000
2010
2016
Patagonia
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Rankl et al. (2014)
Karakoram: Multi-year averages
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Paul et al. (2017)
Following the surge of Hispar Glacier
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use N 2 km
Zermatt
Glaciers_cci
Switzerland 1999
2013
to
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Brun et al. (2017)
High
Mountain
Asia
2000
2016
to
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Zemp et al. (2019)
1961
2016
toTotal
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Sea Level
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
ESA Sea Level CCI / LEGOS / CLS
3.1 mm/yr
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
ESA SST CCI /C. Merchant
Sea surface temperature
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
ESA SST CCI /C. Merchant
Rising temperature
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
ESA SST CCI /C. Merchant
Impacts / Coral Bleaching
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Impacts / Coral BleachingSentinel-2 captures coral bleaching
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
©RH(2019)
Clouds
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Albert Bierstadt - Storm Clouds (~1880)
Cloud Climatology from ESA CCIWhat is the global distribution and average?
Global Average:
64 % ± 3 %
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Cloud Climatology from ESA CCIWhat about low, middle, and high clouds?
Albert Bierstadt - Storm Clouds (~1880)
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Fire
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Fire
Rote
ta,
E.
et
al (2
018)
10.1
016/j
.rse.2
018.1
2.0
11.
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
htt
p:/
/ww
w.o
ecd.o
rg/e
nv/i
ndic
ato
rs-
modellin
g-o
utlooks/m
onitoring-l
and-c
over-
change.h
tm Land cover
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Knowledge Exchange – policy, public & education
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
cci.esa.int
@esaclimate