National Efficiencies in Publishing Scientific Papers

R. D. Shelton and P. FolandWTEC, Baltimore, MD, USA

Sponsored by NSF Grant ENG-0739505.

Updates neededUp date with OECD 2008/1 from Cpaper master file, has interpolations etc.Add charts on paper share and change in paper shareAdd new chart from Cpaper on Chinas progress

ThemeEfficiency indicators in publishing allow smaller or less wealthy countries to better competeOne can divide publications by population, GDP, or GERD (national R&D investment)One useful indicator is to divide publication share by GERD share For the larger economies this relative efficiency ki, has been fairly constant, which permits forecasts However, some smaller countries have high and increasing relative efficiencies

OutlineExamples of several efficiency indicators with rating chartsInterpretations of ki as an efficiency indicator Which countries have the greatest relative efficiencies?Which countries are most rapidly increasing their relative efficiencies?Why? Can other countries do the same? TBD.

Countries with values above 5.0 shown, plus some large countries for comparison. OG is OECD Group. Fractional paper counts from NSF 2008. Population from OECD 2007/2.Population Efficiencies in Papers / 10,000

Chart2

11.6637781629

11.0874861573

9.3006089684

9.1725452812

9.1038961039

8.5095299381

8.3118378627

8.0059496142

7.8840328862

7.7937872424

7.5678368594

7.2738356498

6.9594594595

6.9137831176

6.5314111132

5.5459735212

5.3532450524

5.1801801802

5.1096649795

4.7737301347

4.3413710252

2.4201956109

0.318119245

GERDcurrent

INDICATOR: 1. Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D -- GERD (million current PPP $)

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Australia1588.1....2137.3..2824.929383232.3..3778..4785.1..5628.8..6644.1..6812.7..7928.4..9884.6..11751.2......Australia

Austria936.71056.11140.21235.71308.31412.61482.91634.81786.62004.42264.52340.82436.12682.92844.23066.23334.73623.24041.74406.44785.65137.7574260486843.873718015.9Austria

Belgium....1841.81973.72136.62228.52361.32485.22762.7..3071.8..3393.93556.43761.34066.54374.54604.44914.25386.25991.75890.45982.96250.16434.46768.2..Belgium

Canada3774.94346.54546.95138.45713.76128.66347.36772.775508192.48644.791899958.211008.311323.711406.912139.413550.914810.916734.219028.919154.119567.320877.721777.323058.4..Canada

Czech Republic............................1287.81386.51542.916431658.51843.61944.62070.52321.22501.329963526.4..Czech Republic

Denmark569.4649.9724.7802.4884.410091115.11219.21313.91448.61584.216841803..2158.82297.82530.82791.43141..3825.44086.64259.54337.94518.44763.8..Denmark

Finland568.3..755.5888.61002.41110.21246.41379.21535.31662.61745.91812.218682104.72217.62579.53027.13458.33949.64516.64741.749974997.15392.15647.86022.46320.7Finland

France11226.91276113732.71509416257.516966.318183.419657.521727.724184.925403.426430.727219.327665.12846229286.629785.830559.231823.333819.236623.43836037181.938864.140684.142518.8..France

Germany17949.119520.82067722064.224948.52635928636.130569.23277134408.338397.738255.937664.137834.639414.240754.74260644477.748017.451572.553397.455673.560241.261464.363125.266550.1..Germany

Greece131.6........256.5..305.2411.1..443.6..596.7..671.2..771.2..1116.9..1229.2..1430.41470.816601750.8..Greece

Hungary..................1431.8922.6900.5850.2813.8694.8637.9746741.6782.2981.51279.51494.71469.71463.31663.51861.5..Hungary

Iceland19.6..22.926.228.330.135.4..49.751.462.771.374.281.292.6..126.2149.1179219.3257261.4253.9..300.8....Iceland

Ireland160.9173.6173.8204.8235.8260.4278.8291.9322375.5446.8524.6623.8728.9821926.11038.41114.41159.61233.11306.414331625.81849.62030.22296.5..Ireland

Italy50255497.760886929.28158.58656.79632.510607.811553.912717.412711.412668.21223211908.111892.312438.613370.814297.214240.815420.216608.917698.617372.117725.518098.3....Italy

Japan27309.73095734577.738218.143361.545084.649432.454820.661833.569419.373495.37472374941.675820.98240383045.487785.491062.392773.798783104024.5108248.1113259.2118577.3130745.4....Japan

Korea....................7325.383549910.512040.713681.315282.216637.314788.915792.618386.521156.522246.624344.12836331959.236731.6..Korea

Luxembourg......................................368.2....455.6487.5515.8....Luxembourg

Mexico........................1352.319231941.92083.52515.7292635053347.73623.14151.64277.64978.15640.5....Mexico

Netherlands2760.83047.13279.234223860.14295.94682.14856.45037.855355572.85606.25861.36272.16650.47048.97545.97559.18171.88245.98805.28708.39075.39728.99991.8....Netherlands

New Zealand................405.3475.6482.6515.1559.6..608..761.8..760.7..963..1139.8..1246.3....New Zealand

Norway515.9582.8650.7761.6886.3..1105.4..1209.9..1339.8..1560.9..1765..2003.8..2206.6..2686.52782.73023.63109.43395.53685.9..Norway

Poland..................20561663.21793.61902.51881.21858.82084.62242.92424.92629.82634.82633.32477.42492.82793.73018.43201.9..Poland

Portugal..184.8210.3221.7258.8280327.4366470.9549656.8732.1730.1727.5751.3827.9907.510781255.11424.31581.41563.11453.11570.51705.3....Portugal

Slovak Republic..................695.9781.7640.9515.6366.6409435.5543.9416.5354.8378.7397.7390.8423405.3439.1467.6..Slovak Republic

Spain1125.11385.51443.71583.71850.22170.82455.32991.93426.54161.545344895.8494647815009.953615530.96431.96814.7770483209684.410968.611827.713391.3....Spain

Sweden2083.2..2634.6..3377.4..3883.7..4309.2..4498.1..5310.2..6294.1..7140.9..8115.2..10435.6..10500.510364.411271.911802.5..Sweden

Switzerland2091.1..2319.4....3492.1....4185.6....4476.4......4980.2......5625.3......7583.9......Switzerland

Turkey..................842.91433.71441.11439.61135.113051694.11997.52104.52550.729463052.73014.52910.33484.84374.5....Turkey

United Kingdom12347.4..13272.7..15354.116447.217164.318169.119355.620234.219870.619922.121171.122078.122499.322823.223508.224435.226288.328006.829373.931516.531885.132965.135171.1....United Kingdom

United States72749.681165.990403.1102874.5115218.8120561.8126666.5134202.1142225.6152388.7161387.8165834.7166146.5169612.5184077197792.1212708.8228108.5245475.8267767.5278230277054.5289721.6301015.5324464.5343747.5..United States

Japan (adj.)25120.528520.631883.135354.340359.14199446042.651231.957960.665168.868971.769843.169626.470416.376459.8........................Japan (adj.)

Total OECD162721.8180759.8198135.6221133247883.5261436.8278950.7299570.3323798.3351342.5380357.7390853.2396099.1407497.5440300.2469067.3499187525701.6558959.6606873.7641613.5657657.8686203.7718792.3773998.3....Total OECD

EU27............................139620.7145234.1152150.6159669169960.2183404.8195451.9205193.7211954.3220049.1232087.3....EU27

EU25............................138339.5144080.7151212.4158824.9169218.6182678.5194648.7204327.3210988.7218981.4230907.1....EU25

EU1556562.6..66146.571893.779861.185015.491713.598626.4106760.1114970121163.7123659.1125854.3128708.9133449.8138916.1145472.3152867.5163028.1175984.6187406.4196796.3203166.9210455.1221227.9....EU15

European Commission......................................................European Commission

Non-member Economies......................................................Non-member Economies

Argentina..............................1624.11794.11846.61994.91957.51854.11539.51803.22152.52549.43055.1..Argentina

China....................12550.614777.616271.317011.2173761929824330.126858.333990.244894.352435.865515.677899.495498.1117454.8144037.4..China

Israel....................19512177.32461.62703.52939.73337.33790.64196.850186746.27352.87400.87159.37668.78446.79221.3..Israel

Romania....................886.2895.41004902.3988.5926.1724.9592.3483.9467.9556.3581.2651.6728.3823.81057.7..Romania

Russian Federation................23474.125230.917458.978987662.87505.374108267.19209.48058.69084.910760.712983.11465016504.11627816562.718347.6..Russian Federation

Singapore..........................633.3734.5968.61148.71400.21598.41784.11998.92167.12247.72638.33055.3....Singapore

Slovenia........................343.6406.1398.3358.4376.6415.3452481.8546.7579525.8623.5682.8....Slovenia

South Africa....1518..1744.8..1687.2..1789.8..2258.9..1699.5......2054.4......2978.5..3597.14161.64821.6....South Africa

Chinese Taipei............................6183.26741.77637.78493.39436.810179.310749.112084.913612.515089.716307.6....Chinese Taipei

OECDgroup2151322.7OECDgroup not correct see below

Efficiencies in 2005943196.4OECDgroup corrected

GERD basisGERD current $ with PPP weights millions

2005$Millions / Paper

Australiaget from 2008/1?

Austria0.66717320791.50

Belgium1.06319159520.94

Canada1.18637296630.84

Czech Republic1.05774365820.95

Denmark1.11543909350.90

Finland0.85183611321.17

France0.74498391261.34

Germany0.6993245171.43

Greece2.5849397590.39

Hungary1.57138563270.64

Iceland0.68484042551.46

Ireland1.04423209540.96

Italy1.36173010720.73

Japan0.42426731652.36

Korea0.51302911211.95

Luxembourg0.11438542078.74

Mexico0.69178264341.45

Netherlands1.38963950440.72

New Zealand2.39348471480.42

Norway1.07318509790.93

Poland2.26742645110.44

Portugal1.70644461390.59

Slovak Republic2.09291733090.48

Spain1.36924719780.73

Sweden0.88822647471.13

Switzerland00.00Interpolate or get from 2008

Turkey1.78648988460.56

United Kingdom1.29572290890.77

United States0.63279650011.58

Japan (adj.)

Total OECD

EU271.01198126740.99

EU25

EU15

European Commission

Non-member Economies

Argentina

China0.35414474332.82

Israel0.74691891511.34

Romania1.07671764990.93

Russian Federation0.87014798311.15

Singapore1.18122606620.85

Slovenia1.51581722320.66

South Africa0.49610087942.02

Chinese Taipei0.66478206481.50

OECDgroup0.30835169453.24Doesnt look right, corrected, see below

OECDgroup0.7031.42$millions in current 2005 to get one paper

GERDconstant

INDICATOR: 3. GERD -- (million 2000 dollars -- constant prices and PPP)

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Australia2614.3....3184.4..3945.53976.44215.8..4711.3..5662.4..6386.6..7256.6..7262..7928.4..9490.4..10688.9......Australia

Austria1573.71672.31736.81814.11863.61968.22010.62143.12256.52437.32660.62688.327352949.83064.63241.73510.23808.14187.24406.44721.84963.85280.253875970.96263.96642.4Austria

Belgium....2761.32851.92995.43056.13151.33206.53434.3..3552.1..3750.13848.53988.94273.745914742.351035386.25714.65430.55320.45423.85461.55592.5..Belgium

Canada6289.76826.36869.47482.18071.98469.38535.88805.89457.69880.110073.510466.711088.112004.212101.411962.512521.613823.914894.116734.218581.318677.718682.519383.719625.320008.3..Canada

Czech Republic............................1349.61422.815721661.41670.61843.61880.71907.62062.22146.12587.13008.3..Czech Republic

Denmark999.71075.51153.512311316.51469.21580.11670.31734.21840.71945.12021.12115.3..2430.82526.22728.32962.93235..3698.73904.44024.539844022.74136.3..Denmark

Finland968.3..1167.21323.21448.21568.91714.11833.91966.82050.62080.521112127.12347.12423.62798.83177.33546.84064.94516.64578.647284918.75130.15332.65544.45674.2Finland

France19600.620965.821660.322939.623934.524310.425345.226467.128153.930030.130391.330902.331211.331123.231339.131445.131041.931388.432714.133819.235233.936130.935507.436060.536432.136908.1..France

Germany29568.230311.13088531764.33484736014.238074.239296.540586.741027.74423843082.641463.440790.941644.642162.343766.545341.848765.551572.552352.65297153504.753327.953689.855770.3..Germany

Greece222.9........360.5..403.4523.6..525.6..675.5..729.4..805.7..1147.8..1210.5..1293.81308.21428.41466.3..Greece

Hungary....................1070.81021.6942.9883.9739.6664.9772761.6800.2981.51207.413661323.21309.41465.91619.7..Hungary

Iceland32.6..34.638.24041.647.6..62.261.973.181.282.688.598.9..129.9151.3180.8219.3252252.4246.9..280.6....Iceland

Ireland266.3270.7260.7296.1330.8357.3372.2376.8400.5449.6516.9593.3689.6789.2871.1971.51056.911181181.91233.11276.51359.61511.81669.41779.21975.1..Ireland

Italy8604.98873.9945310369.611845.81229513313.314175.114874.915763.215223.514830.21399813345.913061.813313.214158.914639.914549.815420.216309.216970.616657.916719.916723.1....Italy

Japan46638.149831.653542.657037.862786.663858681357305679389.185809.787779.487236.885527.184743.390260.889181.39265294972.995347.298783101570.9103223.1105789.3107617.3115143.3....Japan

Korea....................8570.19553.711079.213182.614679.416090.817229.815147.315944.918386.520658.921606.723150.526228.32861332510.9..Korea

Luxembourg......................................368.2....399.4412.8415.5....Luxembourg

Mexico........................1545.321522129.72242.326633063.33617.23347.73537.93944.83979.74503.74950.6....Mexico

Netherlands46914880.15052.15081.35561.1605464216446.86429.96845.766436522.66684.77021.47293.17604.47950.47870.98515.58245.98307.87946.28122.983978315.6....Netherlands

New Zealand................524.3596.5581.8602.5647.3..672.3..808.6..781.3..943.9..1066.8..1107....New Zealand

Norway10631126.51198.61356.41513..1633.6..1668.6..1718.8..1873.3..2010.3..2207..2342.3..2622.82686.82804.82802.12931.43071.9..Norway

Poland..................2480.51938.82043.82119.22052.21987.22182.12331.32501.32704.92634.82579.123482357.52561.52698.52814.1..Poland

Portugal..300.4328.9334.3378.5400.5455.8492.7610.7685.5792.4863.3841.6821.3831.2913.1978.71137.81290.31424.31539.71467.91410.81497.11578.7....Portugal

Slovak Republic..................651.5899.3757.7595.8414.9453.6476.5597.3451.6378.9378.7383.1358.7379.4355.3373.8391.1..Slovak Republic

Spain1929.72240.12245.323742690.93088.23399.14004.64418.65166.654395740.75669.45367.15511.75781.45919.86743.56961.677048050.68915.89774.510234.711191.1....Spain

Sweden3520.9..4037.4..4839.9..5297.8..5475.6..5316.8..5997.7..6823..7496..8360.1..10362.3..9982.49764.110531.610784.4..Sweden

Switzerland3426.6..3442....4771.1....5222.5....5108.3......5365.1......5625.3......6710.9......Switzerland

Turkey..................1049.717251694.91655.11278.114401830.421432240.52705.42946307930482965.535604471.4....Turkey

United Kingdom21481.7..20937.7..22649.323732.72410224666.92531725480.724177.623694.624614.625138.925106.524789.824631.925294.627103.628006.82828628856.928960.928927.230194.7....United Kingdom

United States123164.1129523.6138776.2152205.5165392.3169288173081.2177296.6181027.5186740.5191087.8191933.4187975.5187933.3199884.1210764.6222935.7236448.8250826.8267767.5271685.6265884.7272239.5275048.8287092.1294861.3..United States

Japan (adj.)42899.445909.74937052763.858439.159480.563462.768273.574416.780555.782376.681539.779461.178702.783750.8........................Japan (adj.)

Total OECD276206289221.8304935.7328074.4356711.5367759.9381815.5396445.7412944.7431460.4451011452982.4448946.1452346.7478798.3500117.8523044.4544378.8572196.7606873.7625748627389.1640198.1652579.8682698.3....Total OECD

EU27............................151741154355.4158764.6164458.3174255.4183404.8189812.8193208.7194669.9196860.7202678.8....EU27

EU25............................150338.6153120.3157774.5163579.8173489.3182678.5189043.8192409.9193813.9195934.5201677.2....EU25

EU1596212..101944.4106810.1115029.7119669.1125598.5130582.4136153.3141108.1143458.7143118.9142571.9142886.7145121.8147722.1151813.2157456.3167158.2175984.6182025.7185395.7186666.3188337.5193177.9....EU15

European Commission......................................................European Commission

Non-member Economies......................................................Non-member Economies

Argentina..............................1730.61880.41914.12038.41957.51810.51477.41695.91974.22268.12640.7..Argentina

China....................14921.217173.518484.71892618868.120563.725499.927840.434731.244894.351202.662874.373267.887523.5104684.4124724.6..China

Israel....................2383.92610.628132997.43141.53515.13934.34319.451156746.27189.870856738.47027.77496.47946.7..Israel

Romania....................1030.31015.11110.4977.91082.3992765.2616.7500.1467.9528.2535.2572.8622.7689.3825.7..Romania

Russian Federation..................32607.223521.69155.58678.58312.88046.38809.19652.38353.3928310760.712678.614059.315522.914918.614738.815953.9..Russian Federation

Singapore..........................700797.41035.71211.31468.216411784.11951.32070.521022409.92703.7....Singapore

Slovenia........................397.8460.3426374.9388.3422.2456.2481.8536.5544.7484.4555.3596.7....Slovenia

South Africa....2260.9..2430..2236.8..2210.3..2694.3..1935.9......2154.3......2908.5..3387.33814.14290.2....South Africa

Chinese Taipei............................6723.47198.78022.788249654.410179.310506.111532.512642.913826.214878.1....Chinese Taipei

OECDgroup480858.2483282.9516375542970.7575399.6597098.2634659.7683195.8713995.4726488.1755555.3784074833758OECD Group. From OECD total plus affiliates, minus Romania and Slovania, counted twice.

GDP

INDICATOR: A.2. Gross Domestic Product (Million current PPP$)

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Australia172807176186190420.5205505.9222481.3234491.1254473.4273843.1290408.1295781305038.4323371.9342587366831.3392794.6412364.7437006.4464270.2497365.4524591.6552389.9584832.1624342.3659521.3701025.6746623.8790937.9Australia

Austria8498691918.398481.3102160107987.3112830.2117731.2125989.1135387.4147099.2157717.6165159.6169517177698184784.7193259.3197677.2205024214907.3230118.6235168.3242217.3257577.7272068.8283429.7300598.4318231.9Austria

Belgium109170.9116509.5121494.6129165.8135329.8140868.4148096.9160411.7172274.6184551.9194505202029.7204683.4215744.6225394230163.9238574.7247191.7253553.7273155288674303144.7317387.6334857.8346014.7366671.9385483Belgium

Canada308212.6317635.4339173.3372365402146.5421069.4451090489774.1521679.2542902.4550122.7567713.2594340.7636035.1667226.7690939732157.6770631.6825019.1873060.8910049.2938140.5975597.71036369.91099063.81172935.11233318.7Canada

Czech Republic..................125604.9114897116947.4119708.3124945.9135063.9143498.4143462143464.1145936.7152371.8161415.2172668185503.7200686.9212123.6228374.5247015.5Czech Republic

Denmark54805.960303.664350.769548.374568.180003.282450.58515788894.793701.998238.8102486.3104746.9112865.8118697.5125018.1131570.6136513.6144291.9153857.6160247.6162931.2165384.8173764.5184740.3196092.2205487.5Denmark

Finland49048.453609.657372.961338.565295.468504.272900.479246.686708.590135.9874628613487302.192331.297912.6102266.4112152120734.6124989135083.8143582148941145708.4156367.6162160.6174635184415.2Finland

France590309.3642536.1677291.3713349.1748980788422.2830620.7899431.9973506.31042756.41093265.41133952.21145662.41193590.11245335.91291271.61360108.61428362.81474282.91574809.616672671720456.81715355.21809067.31906542.22005947.12101738.3France

Germany763268.2806560.7851640.5908564958253.810020231044127.41119978.21207772.11320409.915569061628210.11652256.21731931.118006611857322.61904275.51957825.82004764.32101349.32169864.72235943.72390051.92472576.22542037.62653957.62801114.2Germany

Greece98420.4103232.4106157.3112358118713.3121988122524.5132161.1142388.7147896157811.5162575.6163649.7170443.2177570.7184587.1195923.1204881212909.8228602.2242503.1267078.6287613.2306307.5328435352076.4375051.5Greece

Hungary..................98019.488561.687824.889324.993896.997238.8100622.4105964.7111966117058.5125999138958.3149763.8158371167001.7176587.1185818.6195345.6Hungary

Iceland3043.43298.333553624.738594192.44676.44832.45028.85285.854555391.95588.259126039.76477.36884.87431.47775.98194.58683.58811.88989.29853.510803.611947.412350Iceland

Ireland24074.226123.727090.529331.631164.931723.234119.237130.740780.345943.848467.551241.35383058129650297120781961.790245.398348.7109635.6118765.8129693.2138010.6148306.2161176.1173651.3187816.3Ireland

Italy584530.6622698.4654891.8701402.4743161.3781456.4828665.4893039.2958333.31015831.31067469.41100491.31115775.51163824.21221129.112620701299719.81363456.71392793.11473988.61528028.91570172.71570714.81615939.91651072.61723064.61802684.3Italy

Japan1174165.51280117.51352189.41446721.91566916.91649241.41759094.81942514.421229002319702.82481242.72563051.52628428.52713348.82822910.32958420.63057406.23030625.13071103.93246566.83331122.23419835.73540705.73743989.23931959.24078361.94284602.8Japan

Korea117033.1133256.4153452.1172114.2189465214256.3244620.3279934.4310153.1351642.7398121.1431219.8468184.6518868.5577994.3630219.7670547.3631524.3701423.5768286.2816979.3878642925158.9996402.81072366.51138894.61217821.9Korea

Luxembourg4883.9524056106180.86548.47362.77864.98823.210055.310999.812368.512883.513733.214558.615068.215692.816138.717252.320240.6222622268724572.927401.329393.232122.935937.338619.5Luxembourg

Mexico339202.3357318.3355491.7382117.3404765.4398255.5416846.3436514.2472099.2515212.1555737.8589165.2614456.9655118.5627252.9672133.9729637.9774855.8815582.8897163.2918472.6951170984945.61055036.31117982.31208825.91281862.1Mexico

Netherlands154951.8162280.3171663.4183665.5194331.4204872214424.7229139.2248857.3267549.8284372.6296322306099.3321082.7337974.3355269.1379328.1398887417248.4451933.2488220.5505200.7516762.2547887.1576780.3616257.8650515.3Netherlands

New Zealand30846.734150.936477.339716.441250.343042.344406.144841.146857.348315.849606.751689.755643.560260.463864.666597.969927.671291.576408.780151.984737.689355.695949.1101348.1106931.1111235.1116494.6New Zealand

Norway44177.846974.150709.555630.560373.76436667484.569610.172990.977309.182468.187250.99174498279.4104675.3115613.9123308.5122151.5134711.9164343.3168913.8167607.4176514.4195196.7222664.8247572261636.4Norway

Poland..................233867.5225062.8236036250485.3269305.4293900.7318892.2343916.8363816381361.5408934.6422563.8442983.2461108.3501017.4532419.2574790.1628992Poland

Portugal60477.665531.368004.96923273360.578101.485379.494921.5104868.9113228.1122305.5126485126747.2130669139044144535.7154012.7164839.6175913.9187941.6196920.6205724.5197500.6203861.1211334221860.6231592.6Portugal

Slovak Republic..................42608.13721836513.238062.341276.844579.748328.35091653466.654458.658576.262768.868587.373110.978857.88610494897105807.8Slovak Republic

Spain280915.6301740.6319225.5337123.6355538.5375289.1407043.6442453.1481409.7518937.8550753.9568671.8575736.3601889.1631098.5659377690069.7735938.3791160849025.1909443.4981706.41045608.51111985.41193047.71276301.91355629.9Spain

Sweden94538.3101542107539.8116388.9122621.1128849.5136909.6145289.8154944.1162592.7166460.4168279.9168711.3178992.2189775.1196443.7203238.5210161.3224396.9241186.3245487.8253248265962.3279459.2289962.8308903.9330265.9Sweden

Switzerland99875.1104715.9109393.6116794.2124336.8129008.9133842.9142748.6154453.7166160.1169967.9173801.2177470.6182873.8187047.1187779.4199328.3208231.7208965.4222409.9227256.6240655.6248643.1261313.6272150.1289934.2303523.9Switzerland

Turkey118615.8130335.4142217.2157458.8169181.5185082.3208231.9219941.6228864.3259716.5271286.4294142.3325098.2313844.6343273.9375150.8406262422032.4403683459669.2421580.3453936.8476555.8517770.8555681.1625923.3678778.2Turkey

United Kingdom518933.7560942.8603620.9642299.7685365.5728195.4782194.7849223.3900405941867.2961560.79859141031580.51098688.41153936.912181351301102.11361012.61407797.71506762.61601518.31719028.21779078.71901565.71981207.62086586.52196943.7United Kingdom

United States3105400322950035088003902600418750044277004702100506390054417005757200594690062868006604300701750073423007762300825090086946009216200976480010075900104176001090800011630900123761001313290013750010.2United States

Japan (adj.)1174165.51280117.51352189.41446721.91566916.91649241.41759094.81942514.421229002319702.82481242.72563051.52628428.52713348.82822910.32958420.63057406.23030625.13071103.93246566.83331122.23419835.73540705.73743989.23931959.24078361.94284602.8Japan (adj.)

Total OECD8525574.790384439661561.31047634511192716.911801319.912532588.213545578.21458141315564875.317363243.118151550.318814140.219816750.921294505.92238026523577340.824495432.625594412.427294830.22832017029454649.730663613.832518673.53432402636341575.838274086.7Total OECD

EU27............................8410510.58762977.89153932.59561863.19904242.210571923.511116746.411652639.612078325.112727675.313307277.214085500.1..EU27

EU25............................8239668.98587875.38986804.99396846.39738368.210395335.610922403.611440990.211846553.412471715.613033510.313773155.2..EU25

EU153468430.93715529.43928825.44175927.54414670.84643126.14907188.35293572.65696530.86092501.86547296.36777952.76906297.97247878.77588343.37890926.58249714.48625074.38937357.59539711.110018378.910470059.910820117.911363407.611850064.112492542.513165589EU15

European Commission......................................................European Commission

Non-member Economies......................................................Non-member Economies

Argentina..............................388979.5427553.9448948440016.9446061.7436666.7395902.8439658.3491566.7553292.4617648.4..Argentina

China....................1714347.22009110.12318167.12677140.23029487.73395873.137737114113269.74489817.54973029.455155586122757.66872112.17764762.18814855.510043770..China

Israel....................82642.489912.897348106635112106.2120084.7125309.1131633.1136810.6151575.8154055.7155862.8160919.5173200188228.9203675.4..Israel

Romania....................112763.7105543.4109836.6116504.7123542.6131288.3125150.7120768.2120261.9126966.2141419.7153282.3168928.3188387.6200472.1231305250716.2Romania

Russian Federation..................1242828.71221360.21067696.4997756.4890731.6871255.9855877.5882350.4844871.8911931.21024990.31103120.711738651286736.21415573.71551602.21704035.9..Russian Federation

Singapore..........................5812963941.970226.677303.677153.484181.59475494850.4100827.4106034.1118022.1129593.9....Singapore

Slovenia........................21447.923068.325437.426970.228692.930227.132095.633722.735276.838072.639904.743105.345699.749579.6..Slovenia

South Africa....186005.3202830.4206523.8211165.6221554.6238778.8253774.6262751.9269169.2269482.4279074.6294176.3309527.5329004.5343353.7348964.6362354.9385636.1405728.3428031.5449768.7484483.7524433.1567064.3..South Africa

Chinese Taipei............................358674.5388241.9420684444670.4477532516714.1517184.1554269.9589430.9634237.9662870.5689877.1..Chinese Taipei

OECDgroup110338441.4

Efficiencies in 200546748902.5Second try removed OEDC sum which was added twice before

GDP Basis

2005GDP(millions)/PaperCurrent 2005 dollars with PPP weights$million per paper

Australia0.022762364243.9Sweden28.9615261686SEAustralia0.0227623642

Austria0.016109814962.1Israel29.8349817721ISAustria0.0161098149

Belgium0.019770836350.6Switzerland31.1064235913CHBelgium0.0197708363

Canada0.023507279642.5Finland33.7062149241FICanada0.0235072796

Czech Republic0.014939403366.9New Zealand35.8468320483NZCzech Republic0.0149394033

Denmark0.027281540636.7Singapore35.90853422SGDenmark0.0272815406

Finland0.029668119133.7Denmark36.6548214286DKFinland0.0296681191

France0.015897366462.9Netherlands41.5398127476NLFrance0.0158973664

Germany0.017365990257.6Canada42.540013934CAGermany0.0173659902

Greece0.0130649976.5United Kingdom43.4742297902UKGreece0.01306499

Hungary0.014802893367.6Australia43.9321677007AUHungary0.0148028933

Iceland0.019067718252.4Slovenia44.1542995169SIIceland0.0190677182

Ireland0.013153314976.0Belgium50.5795497734BEIreland0.0131533149

Italy0.014926660467.0Iceland52.4446601942ISItaly0.0149266604

Japan0.014107725270.9EU2756.65853671EUJapan0.0141077252

Korea0.015289548965.4Germany57.5838169668DEKorea0.0152895489

Luxembourg0.0018366959544.5United States60.277128385USLuxembourg0.0018366959

Mexico0.0034902163286.5Norway61.1045005488NOMexico0.0034902163

Netherlands0.02407329141.5Chinese Taipei61.1447744673CNNetherlands0.024073291

New Zealand0.027896467935.8Austria62.0739597021ATNew Zealand0.0278964679

Norway0.016365406761.1France62.9035006104FRNorway0.0163654067

Poland0.012854532777.8Spain65.0658649651ESPoland0.0128545327

Portugal0.013769672772.6Korea65.4041534521KRPortugal0.0137696727

Slovak Republic0.010673139593.7Czech Republic66.9370779426CZSlovak Republic0.0106731395

Spain0.015369041865.1Italy66.9942219517ITSpain0.0153690418

Sweden0.034528567129.0Hungary67.5543611324HUSweden0.0345285671

Switzerland0.032147700831.1OECDgroup=70.4724743881OGSwitzerland0.0321477008

Turkey0.014063821971.1Japan70.8831497539JPTurkey0.0140638219

United Kingdom0.023002132643.5Turkey71.1044273832TRUnited Kingdom0.0230021326

United States0.016590040560.3Portugal72.6233676976PTUnited States0.0165900405

Japan (adj.)Ireland76.0264622642IRJapan (adj.)

Total OECDGreece76.5404334654GRTotal OECD

EU270.01764959156.7Poland77.7935710111PLEU270.017649591

EU25Slovak Republic93.6931447225SKEU25

EU15Russian Federation107.660435748RUEU15

European CommissionChina211.9159414367CNEuropean Commission

Non-member EconomiesSouth Africa219.2446070234ZANon-member Economies

ArgentinaRomania226.0113866967ROArgentina

China0.0047188522211.9Mexico286.5151973347MXChina0.0047188522

Israel0.033517701129.8Israel0.0335177011

Romania0.0044245558226.0Romania0.0044245558

Russian Federation0.0092884632107.7Russian Federation0.0092884632

Singapore0.02784853335.9Singapore0.027848533

Slovenia0.022647851144.2Slovenia0.0226478511

South Africa0.0045611156219.2South Africa0.0045611156

Chinese Taipei0.016354627361.1Chinese Taipei0.0163546273

OECDgroup0.0060120842166.3Doesnt look right, correction belowOECDgroup0.0060120842

OECDgroup=0.014189937470.5Corrected GDP in $millions per paperOECDgroup=0.0141899374

Papers

INDICATOR: E. Total Population (Thousands)Papers Fractional Count from NSF Need to check this against original data

Place19951996199719981999200020012002200320042005

AustraliaAustralia13,12513,62313,81614,30714,34114,58914,48414,25514,93415,58615,957Overall efficiency in 2005

AustriaAustria3,4253,6463,9474,0744,1584,2574,4804,4604,6924,7164,566Fractional Count total /

BelgiumBelgium5,1725,5545,5325,6885,7135,7355,8276,0376,3026,6256,841GERD total for OECDgroup

CanadaCanada23,74023,84222,78122,20122,12522,70121,94522,34223,55224,23025,836

Czech RepublicCzech Republic1,9552,1852,3042,2642,3602,4812,5712,7472,8203,1783,169663,364

DenmarkDenmark4,3304,3694,5974,7174,7834,8834,9154,7615,0065,0095,040

FinlandFinland4,0774,3304,4524,5134,7194,8444,9304,9044,8985,0184,811

FranceFrance28,84729,74630,32231,39231,34531,42730,59830,53130,30229,89130,309

GermanyGermany37,64539,21341,41542,95342,96343,50942,67442,43642,22843,00944,145

GreeceGreece2,0582,2492,4342,6112,6262,9763,2043,4473,5873,9284,291

HungaryHungary1,7641,8131,9922,2022,2002,3582,3972,3232,4512,4092,614

IcelandIceland156145143174143150177195195191206

IrelandIreland1,2181,2541,3311,5201,4591,5811,5881,6291,6811,9352,120

ItalyItaly17,88019,23419,40220,05620,32721,40922,09022,48323,76524,75924,645

JapanJapan47,06850,34551,46253,83855,27457,10156,08256,34657,22856,53455,471

KoreaKorea3,8034,7715,8027,0578,4789,57211,00711,73513,40115,25516,396

LuxembourgLuxembourg2818343229404639386259

MexicoMexico1,9372,1242,3022,6592,8842,9713,2033,3203,6593,8703,902

NetherlandsNetherlands12,08912,41312,44412,50012,16812,34112,11712,48112,65713,24013,885

New ZealandNew Zealand2,4422,5752,7262,8022,9152,8512,8512,7402,8002,8252,983

NorwayNorway2,9202,9322,9653,0383,0433,1363,2153,1003,1303,3703,644

PolandPoland4,5494,5074,5654,7865,1005,5065,6296,0196,5826,6726,844

PortugalPortugal9901,0971,2551,4181,7111,8802,0812,3312,4232,8532,910

Slovak RepublicSlovak Republic1,0791,1401,0701,1409799789239548981,070919

SpainSpain11,31612,49513,07513,71914,51414,79515,32316,06216,09917,02518,336

SwedenSweden9,2879,5589,6559,8359,8909,88310,0229,8729,6779,85310,012

SwitzerlandSwitzerland7,2207,5687,8647,9848,1958,5047,9507,8798,1348,6748,749

TurkeyTurkey1,7152,2282,4812,7953,2233,4844,1515,2266,0397,4347,815

United KingdomUK45,49846,21345,88446,13846,78848,21645,58744,64245,21845,47945,572

United StatesUS193,337193,153189,752190,395188,004192,743190,592190,495196,427202,075205,320

Japan (adj.)

Total OECD

EU27EU27195,897203,947208,900214,755217,186222,688220,406221,719224,834230,464234,868

EU25

EU15

European Commission

Non-member Economies

ArgentinaArgentina1,9672,2872,4512,5512,6362,8462,9313,1782,9192,9823,058

ChinaChina9,06110,52612,17213,78115,71518,47921,13423,26928,76834,84641,596

IsraelIsrael5,7415,7516,0476,0185,9296,2906,2326,3816,5246,4616,309

RomaniaRomania678823917847917971927965875938887

Russian FederationRussia18,60318,55318,13317,16617,14517,18015,65815,84715,14614,92114,412

SingaporeSingapore1,1411,1411,3391,5841,8972,3612,4342,6322,9393,3843,6095-year

SloveniaSlovenia4344776036237088928518489519291,035averages

South AfricaSouth Africa2,3512,2162,2232,2252,3032,2212,2912,3282,2052,3202,39220042005

Chinese TaipeiTaiwan4,7595,7016,0166,3556,6437,1907,9128,1238,92910,13310,8410.52-0.370.08Australia

OECDgroup536,983553,428559,375571,685578,079597,057594,655601,110621,763645,555663,3641.250.490.87Belgium

This is calculated from the total, then subtracting the EU countries explicitly listed, since the EU is in total. It checks the total on Patricias page.-0.913.771.43Canada

8.54-2.962.79Czech Republic

-3.63-2.08-2.86Denmark

-1.33-6.70-4.01Finland

-4.99-1.32-3.16France

-1.90-0.11-1.01Germany

5.476.315.89Greece

-5.345.600.13Hungary

Percent ChangeAnnual percent changes-5.664.96-0.35Iceland

Paper Shares of the OECDgroup2001-20052000-200510.876.628.74Ireland

Place199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052001200220030.34-3.131200.64Italy

Australia2.442.462.472.502.482.442.442.372.402.412.41-1.24-1.56-0.32-2.641.28-4.85-4.51-2.21Japan

Austria0.640.660.710.710.720.710.750.740.750.730.69-8.64-3.465.66-1.521.719.644.594.02Korea

Belgium0.961.000.990.990.990.960.981.001.011.031.035.247.362.012.490.9257.14-7.3911.04Luxembourg

Canada4.424.314.073.883.833.803.693.723.793.753.895.542.43-2.940.721.911.87-1.88-0.06Mexico

Czech Republic0.360.390.410.400.410.420.430.460.450.490.4810.4914.964.055.70-0.750.752.062.36Netherlands

Denmark0.810.790.820.830.830.820.830.790.810.780.76-8.08-7.101.06-4.171.65-2.832.76-0.31New Zealand

Finland0.760.780.800.790.820.810.830.820.790.780.73-12.52-10.612.19-1.60-3.443.705.231.22Norway

France5.375.375.425.495.425.265.155.084.874.634.57-11.20-13.20-2.24-1.29-4.05-2.37-0.18-2.03Poland

Germany7.017.097.407.517.437.297.187.066.796.666.65-7.27-8.68-1.52-1.63-3.8013.41-0.741.14Portugal

Greece0.380.410.440.460.450.500.540.570.580.610.6520.0529.778.106.430.6014.76-16.422.69Slovak Republic

Hungary0.330.330.360.390.380.390.400.390.390.370.39-2.24-0.222.06-4.132.011.854.811.32Spain

Iceland0.030.030.030.030.020.030.030.030.030.030.034.3323.6118.488.99-3.32-1.93-1.114.22Sweden

Ireland0.230.230.240.270.250.260.270.270.270.300.3219.6720.690.851.48-0.242.71-1.840.59Switzerland

Italy3.333.483.473.513.523.593.713.743.823.843.720.013.613.600.692.1918.562.305.47Turkey

Japan8.779.109.209.429.569.569.439.379.208.768.36-11.33-12.56-1.39-0.61-1.81-3.13-2.49-1.88UK

Korea0.710.861.041.231.471.601.851.952.162.362.4733.5354.1715.465.4710.40-0.92-1.125.86US

Luxembourg0.010.000.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.0114.9832.7615.46-16.13-5.80-1.61-0.20-1.66Argentina

Mexico0.360.380.410.470.500.500.540.550.590.600.599.2118.218.242.546.5516.6616.1710.03China

Netherlands2.252.242.222.192.102.072.042.082.042.052.092.721.27-1.421.90-1.96-4.62-4.97-2.21Israel

New Zealand0.450.470.490.490.500.480.480.460.450.440.45-6.21-5.830.40-4.93-1.203.25-7.98-2.09Romania

Norway0.540.530.530.530.530.530.540.520.500.520.551.604.582.93-4.61-2.39-5.12-6.00-3.04Russia

Poland0.850.810.820.840.880.920.951.001.061.031.038.9911.882.655.785.7210.903.795.77Singapore

Portugal0.180.200.220.250.300.310.350.390.390.440.4425.3539.3211.1410.810.49-5.918.424.99Slovenia

Slovak Republic0.200.210.190.200.170.160.160.160.140.170.14-10.75-15.43-5.242.25-9.001.340.34-2.06South Africa

Spain2.112.262.342.402.512.482.582.672.592.642.767.2711.553.993.70-3.109.304.113.60Taiwan

Sweden1.731.731.731.721.711.661.691.641.561.531.51-10.45-8.821.82-2.55-5.23-1.27-0.83-1.61EU27

Switzerland1.341.371.411.401.421.421.341.311.311.341.32-1.35-7.40-6.14-1.96-0.190.000.00-1.66OECDgroup

Turkey0.320.400.440.490.560.580.700.870.971.151.1868.77101.8919.6324.5511.72

UK8.478.358.208.078.098.087.677.437.277.046.87-10.39-14.93-5.07-3.12-2.07

US36.0034.9033.9233.3032.5232.2832.0531.6931.5931.3030.95-3.43-4.12-0.72-1.12-0.31

Argentina0.370.410.440.450.460.480.490.530.470.460.46-6.47-3.293.407.26-11.20

China1.691.902.182.412.723.103.553.874.635.406.2776.43102.6014.838.9219.53

Israel1.071.041.081.051.031.051.051.061.051.000.95-9.25-9.72-0.521.29-1.16

Romania0.130.150.160.150.160.160.160.160.140.150.13-14.23-17.78-4.152.98-12.34

Russia3.463.353.243.002.972.882.632.642.442.312.17-17.49-24.50-8.490.12-7.60

Singapore0.210.210.240.280.330.400.410.440.470.520.5432.9237.583.516.977.96

Slovenia0.080.090.110.110.120.150.140.140.150.140.169.024.43-4.21-1.428.42

South Africa0.440.400.400.390.400.370.390.390.350.360.36-6.41-3.073.570.52-8.43

Taiwan0.891.031.081.111.151.201.331.351.441.571.6322.8335.7110.491.566.27

EU2736.4836.8537.3537.5737.5737.3037.0636.8836.1635.7035.41-4.48-5.07-0.62-0.48-1.96

OECDgroup100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.000.000.000.000.000.00

Population

INDICATOR: E. Total Population (Thousands)

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Australia15054152891548315677159011613916395166871693717170173871758117757179491819318417186061881219036192701952719752199802020420474....Australia

Austria75697574756275617565757075757585762076787755784179067936794879597968797779928012804380848118817582338282..Austria

Belgium984198499854985598579859987099049940996810006100471008610116101371015510180102031022210246102811033010373104171047410548..Belgium

Canada24820251172536725608258432610126449267952728227698280312836728682289992930229611299073015730404306893102131373316693197432271....Canada

Czech Republic1030310314103231033110337103411034910356103621036310309103181033110336103311031510304102951028310273102241020110202102071023410267..Czech Republic

Denmark51225118511451115113512051275130513251405154517151895206523052625285530353215338535753765390540354195437..Denmark

Finland48004827485648824902491849324946496449865014504250665089510851255140515351655176518852015213522752455266..Finland

France5541955751560495632156600568865719257519578595817158459587455899559210594195962459831600476034860751611826161662042624456281863195..France

Germany6168261638614236117561024610666107761450620636325479984805948117981422816618189682052820298208782188823408248282520825018246482366..Germany

Greece98979959100171006710106101391017410210102641033710424105001055810606106341070910777108351088310917109501098811024110621110411125..Greece

Hungary1070010683106561062010579105341048610443103981036510346103241029410261103291031110290102671023810211101881015910130101071008710071..Hungary

Iceland231234237239241243246250253255258261264266267269271274277281285288289293296304..Iceland

Ireland3443348035053529354135423543353135103506352635553574358636013626366137113751380038593926399140594149....Ireland

Italy5651056544565645657756593565965660256629566725671956776567975683256843568445686056890569075691656942569785715757605581755860758863..Italy

Japan117623118452119271120050120801121446122031122548123028123439123928124367124770125116125436125712126011126349126587126832127149127445127718127761127773....Japan

Korea3872339326399104040640806412144162242031424494286943296437484419544642450934552545954462874661747008473574762247859480394813848297..Korea

Luxembourg365366366366367368371374378382387392398404410416421427433439442446450453457462..Luxembourg

Mexico672516881670390719547350875043765787813279686812508467186238877978935291120925449390895233965509825899564100762101870102866103831104748..Mexico

Netherlands1424714312143681442314488145671466414760148461494715068151821529015381154601552615607157031580915922160431614716223162761631716341..Netherlands

New Zealand31573183322632583272327733043317333033623496353335743622367637343783381638373860388639424010406241014142..New Zealand

Norway41004115412841404153416741874209422742414262428643124337435843814405443244624491451345394565459146224661..Norway

Poland3590236227365713691437203374563766437862379373803138109381733822138252382753828938292382833827038256382513823238195381803816138132..Poland

Portugal9947100081005210086101081010810091100651003399959967996399749998100301005810091101291017210226102931036810441105021054910584..Portugal

Slovak Republic..................52985283530753255347536353745383539153965401538053795379538253875391..Slovak Republic

Spain3790038104382833844038582386993879538880389553901439084391753926139331393883947939583397223992740264407214131442005426924339844068..Spain

Sweden83208325832983378350837083988436849385598617866887198781882788418846885188588872889689258958899490309081..Sweden

Switzerland6429646764826505653365736619667267236796688069436989703770817105711371327167720972857343740574547501....Switzerland

Turkey45540466884786449070503065143352561537155489356203573055840159491605766164462697624806345964345674616861869626707127178972065....Turkey

United Kingdom5635756291563165640956554566845680456916570765723757439575855771457862580255816458314584755868458886591135932259554598346021860533..United Kingdom

United States230008232218234333236394238506240683242843245061247387250181253530256922260282263455266588269714272958276154279328282459285490288451291311294096296972299833..United States

Japan (adj.)117623118452119271120050120801121446122031122548123028123439123928124367124770125116125436125712126011126349126587126832127149127445127718127761127773....Japan (adj.)

Total OECD78801679354379868380371480893981418781947782521583148683885694702095576496426097207610893701097283110389111113831118932112993611384241146794115520011632211170396....Total OECD

EU27............................477460478248478981479588480475482161483439485654487687489847492001....EU27

EU25............................446838447731448587449316450298452063453634455929458069460334462581....EU25

EU15341053341779342292342773343382344125344843345962347427349511367272368865370342371367372313373285374225375044376136377978379685381682383905386215388483....EU15

European Commission......................................................European Commission

Non-member Economies......................................................Non-member Economies

Argentina..............................3519635604360053639936784371563751637870382263859238971..Argentina

China....................1158230117171011851701198500121121012238901236260124761012578601267430127627012845301292270129988013075601314098..China

Israel....................4949512452615399554556855829597161256289643965706690680969307054..Israel

Romania....................22748222882225322215221942213322054219892194621908218762183321773217112165921610..Romania

Russian Federation..................147913148245148310148146147968147774147739147105146539145943145559143954145400144964144168143474142754..Russian Federation

Singapore..........................3421352536713796392739594028413841764186423843424484..Singapore

Slovenia........................19921989198919901987198519781988199019941995199619982003..Slovenia

South Africa....314293221732998337663452335280360523687736199369923780238631394774034241227421314305443686445614545446430465874688847391..South Africa

Chinese Taipei............................213572152521743219292209222277224062252122605226892277022877..Chinese Taipei

OECDgroupNot correct3473864350782945930634660016468865547178974746470478284148119504844814487498249031044929834OECDgroup not right

OECD group corrected23406392365995251825825753312595455261549526343642655989267334826929612710215272581827409520OECDgroup corrected

Population Basis Efficiencies in 2005For Column ChartSorted

2005People/PaperPapers / 10,000 populationFinal Chart

Australia0.77937872421283CH11.7Switzerland7.8AustraliaCH11.66SwitzerlandCH11.66

Austria0.55459735211803SE11.1Sweden5.5AustriaSE11.09SwedenSE11.09

Belgium0.65314111131531DK9.3Denmark6.5BelgiumDK9.30DenmarkDK9.30

Canada0.80059496141249FI9.2Finland8.0CanadaFI9.17FinlandFI9.17

Czech Republic0.30965409423229IL9.1Israel3.1Czech RepublicIL9.10IsraelIL9.10

Denmark0.93006089681075NL8.5Netherlands9.3DenmarkNL8.51NetherlandsNL8.51

Finland0.91725452811090SG8.3Singapore9.2FinlandSG8.31SingaporeSG8.31

France0.48248909552073CA8.0Canada4.8FranceCA8.01CanadaCA8.01

Germany0.53532450521868NO7.9Norway5.4GermanyNO7.88NorwayNO7.88

Greece0.38643731992588AU7.8Australia3.9GreeceAU7.79AustraliaAU7.79

Hungary0.25914543473859UK7.6UK2.6HungaryUK7.57United KingdomUK7.57

Iceland0.69594594591437NZ7.3New Zealand7.0IcelandNZ7.27New ZealandNZ7.27

Ireland0.5109664981957IS7.0Iceland5.1IrelandIS6.96IcelandIS6.96

Italy0.4205129082378US6.9US4.2ItalyUS6.91United StatesUS6.91

Japan0.43413710252303BE6.5Belgium4.3JapanBE6.53BelgiumBE6.53

Korea0.34060409662936AT5.5Austria3.4KoreaAT5.55AustriaAT5.55

Luxembourg0.12910284467746DE5.4Germany1.3LuxembourgDE5.35GermanyDE5.35

Mexico0.037580298826610SI5.2Slovenia0.4MexicoSI5.18SloveniaSI5.18

Netherlands0.85095299381175IE5.1Ireland8.5NetherlandsIE5.11IrelandIE5.11

New Zealand0.7273835651375FR4.8France7.3New ZealandFR4.82FranceEU4.77

Norway0.78840328861268EU4.8EU277.9NorwayEU4.77EU27JP4.34

Poland0.1793454055576TW4.8Taiwan1.8PolandTW4.76Chinese TaipeiOG2.42

Portugal0.27585553133625JP4.3Japan2.8PortugalJP4.34JapanCN0.32

Slovak Republic0.1705958795862ES4.2Spain1.7Slovak RepublicES4.23Spain

Spain0.42250794972367IT4.2Italy4.2SpainIT4.21Italy

Sweden1.1087486157902GR3.9Greece11.1SwedenGR3.86Greece

Switzerland1.1663778163857KR3.4Korea11.7SwitzerlandKR3.41Korea

Turkey0.1084437669221CZ3.1Czech Republic1.1TurkeyCZ3.10Czech Republic

United Kingdom0.75678368591321PT2.8Portugal7.6United KingdomPT2.76Portugal

United States0.69137831181446HU2.6Hungary6.9United StatesHU2.59Hungary

Japan (adj.)PO1.8Poland4.8EU27OG2.42OECDgp

Total OECDSK1.7Slovak Republic0.0ArgentinaPT1.79Poland

EU270.47737301352095OG1.3OECDgroup0.3ChinaSK1.71Slovak Republic

EU25LU1.3Luxembourg9.1IsraelLU1.29Luxembourg

EU15TR1.1Turkey0.4RomaniaTR1.08Turkey

European CommissionRU1.0Russia1.0Russian FederationRU1.00Russian Federation

Non-member EconomiesZA0.5S Africa8.3SingaporeZA0.51South Africa

ArgentinaRO0.4Romania5.2SloveniaRO0.41Romania

China0.031811924531435MX0.4Mexico0.5South AfricaMX0.38Mexico

Israel0.91038961041098CN0.3China4.8Chinese TaipeiCN0.32China

Romania0.0409529526244182.4OECDgp0.00Argentina

Russian Federation0.10045025589955

Singapore0.83118378631203

Slovenia0.5180180181930

South Africa0.051015185119602

Chinese Taipei0.47610891522100

OECDgroup0.13456112327432maybe right, no corrected belowOECDgroup

OECDgp0.24201956114132corrected people per paperOECDgp

Population

GDP Efficiency in Papers / $ BillionValues above 15 plus some large countries for comparison. In 2005 current dollars with PPP weights. Source OECD 2007/2.

Chart3

34.5285671127

33.5177010544

32.147700846

29.6681191362

27.8964679125

27.8485329942

27.2815406276

24.0732909914

23.5072795592

23.0021326387

22.7623641704

22.64785108

19.7708363257

19.067718168

17.6495910072

17.3659901805

16.5900404813

16.3654066561

16.3546273367

16.1098148853

15.897366447

15.3690418246

15.2895488623

14.1899374001

4.7188521695

GERDcurrent

INDICATOR: 1. Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D -- GERD (million current PPP $)

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Australia1588.1....2137.3..2824.929383232.3..3778..4785.1..5628.8..6644.1..6812.7..7928.4..9884.6..11751.2......Australia

Austria936.71056.11140.21235.71308.31412.61482.91634.81786.62004.42264.52340.82436.12682.92844.23066.23334.73623.24041.74406.44785.65137.7574260486843.873718015.9Austria

Belgium....1841.81973.72136.62228.52361.32485.22762.7..3071.8..3393.93556.43761.34066.54374.54604.44914.25386.25991.75890.45982.96250.16434.46768.2..Belgium

Canada3774.94346.54546.95138.45713.76128.66347.36772.775508192.48644.791899958.211008.311323.711406.912139.413550.914810.916734.219028.919154.119567.320877.721777.323058.4..Canada

Czech Republic............................1287.81386.51542.916431658.51843.61944.62070.52321.22501.329963526.4..Czech Republic

Denmark569.4649.9724.7802.4884.410091115.11219.21313.91448.61584.216841803..2158.82297.82530.82791.43141..3825.44086.64259.54337.94518.44763.8..Denmark

Finland568.3..755.5888.61002.41110.21246.41379.21535.31662.61745.91812.218682104.72217.62579.53027.13458.33949.64516.64741.749974997.15392.15647.86022.46320.7Finland

France11226.91276113732.71509416257.516966.318183.419657.521727.724184.925403.426430.727219.327665.12846229286.629785.830559.231823.333819.236623.43836037181.938864.140684.142518.8..France

Germany17949.119520.82067722064.224948.52635928636.130569.23277134408.338397.738255.937664.137834.639414.240754.74260644477.748017.451572.553397.455673.560241.261464.363125.266550.1..Germany

Greece131.6........256.5..305.2411.1..443.6..596.7..671.2..771.2..1116.9..1229.2..1430.41470.816601750.8..Greece

Hungary..................1431.8922.6900.5850.2813.8694.8637.9746741.6782.2981.51279.51494.71469.71463.31663.51861.5..Hungary

Iceland19.6..22.926.228.330.135.4..49.751.462.771.374.281.292.6..126.2149.1179219.3257261.4253.9..300.8....Iceland

Ireland160.9173.6173.8204.8235.8260.4278.8291.9322375.5446.8524.6623.8728.9821926.11038.41114.41159.61233.11306.414331625.81849.62030.22296.5..Ireland

Italy50255497.760886929.28158.58656.79632.510607.811553.912717.412711.412668.21223211908.111892.312438.613370.814297.214240.815420.216608.917698.617372.117725.518098.3....Italy

Japan27309.73095734577.738218.143361.545084.649432.454820.661833.569419.373495.37472374941.675820.98240383045.487785.491062.392773.798783104024.5108248.1113259.2118577.3130745.4....Japan

Korea....................7325.383549910.512040.713681.315282.216637.314788.915792.618386.521156.522246.624344.12836331959.236731.6..Korea

Luxembourg......................................368.2....455.6487.5515.8....Luxembourg

Mexico........................1352.319231941.92083.52515.7292635053347.73623.14151.64277.64978.15640.5....Mexico

Netherlands2760.83047.13279.234223860.14295.94682.14856.45037.855355572.85606.25861.36272.16650.47048.97545.97559.18171.88245.98805.28708.39075.39728.99991.8....Netherlands

New Zealand................405.3475.6482.6515.1559.6..608..761.8..760.7..963..1139.8..1246.3....New Zealand

Norway515.9582.8650.7761.6886.3..1105.4..1209.9..1339.8..1560.9..1765..2003.8..2206.6..2686.52782.73023.63109.43395.53685.9..Norway

Poland..................20561663.21793.61902.51881.21858.82084.62242.92424.92629.82634.82633.32477.42492.82793.73018.43201.9..Poland

Portugal..184.8210.3221.7258.8280327.4366470.9549656.8732.1730.1727.5751.3827.9907.510781255.11424.31581.41563.11453.11570.51705.3....Portugal

Slovak Republic..................695.9781.7640.9515.6366.6409435.5543.9416.5354.8378.7397.7390.8423405.3439.1467.6..Slovak Republic

Spain1125.11385.51443.71583.71850.22170.82455.32991.93426.54161.545344895.8494647815009.953615530.96431.96814.7770483209684.410968.611827.713391.3....Spain

Sweden2083.2..2634.6..3377.4..3883.7..4309.2..4498.1..5310.2..6294.1..7140.9..8115.2..10435.6..10500.510364.411271.911802.5..Sweden

Switzerland2091.1..2319.4....3492.1....4185.6....4476.4......4980.2......5625.3......7583.9......Switzerland

Turkey..................842.91433.71441.11439.61135.113051694.11997.52104.52550.729463052.73014.52910.33484.84374.5....Turkey

United Kingdom12347.4..13272.7..15354.116447.217164.318169.119355.620234.219870.619922.121171.122078.122499.322823.223508.224435.226288.328006.829373.931516.531885.132965.135171.1....United Kingdom

United States72749.681165.990403.1102874.5115218.8120561.8126666.5134202.1142225.6152388.7161387.8165834.7166146.5169612.5184077197792.1212708.8228108.5245475.8267767.5278230277054.5289721.6301015.5324464.5343747.5..United States

Japan (adj.)25120.528520.631883.135354.340359.14199446042.651231.957960.665168.868971.769843.169626.470416.376459.8........................Japan (adj.)

Total OECD162721.8180759.8198135.6221133247883.5261436.8278950.7299570.3323798.3351342.5380357.7390853.2396099.1407497.5440300.2469067.3499187525701.6558959.6606873.7641613.5657657.8686203.7718792.3773998.3....Total OECD

EU27............................139620.7145234.1152150.6159669169960.2183404.8195451.9205193.7211954.3220049.1232087.3....EU27

EU25............................138339.5144080.7151212.4158824.9169218.6182678.5194648.7204327.3210988.7218981.4230907.1....EU25

EU1556562.6..66146.571893.779861.185015.491713.598626.4106760.1114970121163.7123659.1125854.3128708.9133449.8138916.1145472.3152867.5163028.1175984.6187406.4196796.3203166.9210455.1221227.9....EU15

European Commission......................................................European Commission

Non-member Economies......................................................Non-member Economies

Argentina..............................1624.11794.11846.61994.91957.51854.11539.51803.22152.52549.43055.1..Argentina

China....................12550.614777.616271.317011.2173761929824330.126858.333990.244894.352435.865515.677899.495498.1117454.8144037.4..China

Israel....................19512177.32461.62703.52939.73337.33790.64196.850186746.27352.87400.87159.37668.78446.79221.3..Israel

Romania....................886.2895.41004902.3988.5926.1724.9592.3483.9467.9556.3581.2651.6728.3823.81057.7..Romania

Russian Federation................23474.125230.917458.978987662.87505.374108267.19209.48058.69084.910760.712983.11465016504.11627816562.718347.6..Russian Federation

Singapore..........................633.3734.5968.61148.71400.21598.41784.11998.92167.12247.72638.33055.3....Singapore

Slovenia........................343.6406.1398.3358.4376.6415.3452481.8546.7579525.8623.5682.8....Slovenia

South Africa....1518..1744.8..1687.2..1789.8..2258.9..1699.5......2054.4......2978.5..3597.14161.64821.6....South Africa

Chinese Taipei............................6183.26741.77637.78493.39436.810179.310749.112084.913612.515089.716307.6....Chinese Taipei

OECDgroup2151322.7OECDgroup not correct see below

Efficiencies in 2005943196.4OECDgroup corrected

GERD basisGERD current $ with PPP weights millions

2005$Millions / Paper

Australiaget from 2008/1?

Austria0.66717320791.50

Belgium1.06319159520.94

Canada1.18637296630.84

Czech Republic1.05774365820.95

Denmark1.11543909350.90

Finland0.85183611321.17

France0.74498391261.34

Germany0.6993245171.43

Greece2.5849397590.39

Hungary1.57138563270.64

Iceland0.68484042551.46

Ireland1.04423209540.96

Italy1.36173010720.73

Japan0.42426731652.36

Korea0.51302911211.95

Luxembourg0.11438542078.74

Mexico0.69178264341.45

Netherlands1.38963950440.72

New Zealand2.39348471480.42

Norway1.07318509790.93

Poland2.26742645110.44

Portugal1.70644461390.59

Slovak Republic2.09291733090.48

Spain1.36924719780.73

Sweden0.88822647471.13

Switzerland00.00Interpolate or get from 2008

Turkey1.78648988460.56

United Kingdom1.29572290890.77

United States0.63279650011.58

Japan (adj.)

Total OECD

EU271.01198126740.99

EU25

EU15

European Commission

Non-member Economies

Argentina

China0.35414474332.82

Israel0.74691891511.34

Romania1.07671764990.93

Russian Federation0.87014798311.15

Singapore1.18122606620.85

Slovenia1.51581722320.66

South Africa0.49610087942.02

Chinese Taipei0.66478206481.50

OECDgroup0.30835169453.24Doesnt look right, corrected, see below

OECDgroup0.7031.42$millions in current 2005 to get one paper

GERDconstant

INDICATOR: 3. GERD -- (million 2000 dollars -- constant prices and PPP)

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Australia2614.3....3184.4..3945.53976.44215.8..4711.3..5662.4..6386.6..7256.6..7262..7928.4..9490.4..10688.9......Australia

Austria1573.71672.31736.81814.11863.61968.22010.62143.12256.52437.32660.62688.327352949.83064.63241.73510.23808.14187.24406.44721.84963.85280.253875970.96263.96642.4Austria

Belgium....2761.32851.92995.43056.13151.33206.53434.3..3552.1..3750.13848.53988.94273.745914742.351035386.25714.65430.55320.45423.85461.55592.5..Belgium

Canada6289.76826.36869.47482.18071.98469.38535.88805.89457.69880.110073.510466.711088.112004.212101.411962.512521.613823.914894.116734.218581.318677.718682.519383.719625.320008.3..Canada

Czech Republic............................1349.61422.815721661.41670.61843.61880.71907.62062.22146.12587.13008.3..Czech Republic

Denmark999.71075.51153.512311316.51469.21580.11670.31734.21840.71945.12021.12115.3..2430.82526.22728.32962.93235..3698.73904.44024.539844022.74136.3..Denmark

Finland968.3..1167.21323.21448.21568.91714.11833.91966.82050.62080.521112127.12347.12423.62798.83177.33546.84064.94516.64578.647284918.75130.15332.65544.45674.2Finland

France19600.620965.821660.322939.623934.524310.425345.226467.128153.930030.130391.330902.331211.331123.231339.131445.131041.931388.432714.133819.235233.936130.935507.436060.536432.136908.1..France

Germany29568.230311.13088531764.33484736014.238074.239296.540586.741027.74423843082.641463.440790.941644.642162.343766.545341.848765.551572.552352.65297153504.753327.953689.855770.3..Germany

Greece222.9........360.5..403.4523.6..525.6..675.5..729.4..805.7..1147.8..1210.5..1293.81308.21428.41466.3..Greece

Hungary....................1070.81021.6942.9883.9739.6664.9772761.6800.2981.51207.413661323.21309.41465.91619.7..Hungary

Iceland32.6..34.638.24041.647.6..62.261.973.181.282.688.598.9..129.9151.3180.8219.3252252.4246.9..280.6....Iceland

Ireland266.3270.7260.7296.1330.8357.3372.2376.8400.5449.6516.9593.3689.6789.2871.1971.51056.911181181.91233.11276.51359.61511.81669.41779.21975.1..Ireland

Italy8604.98873.9945310369.611845.81229513313.314175.114874.915763.215223.514830.21399813345.913061.813313.214158.914639.914549.815420.216309.216970.616657.916719.916723.1....Italy

Japan46638.149831.653542.657037.862786.663858681357305679389.185809.787779.487236.885527.184743.390260.889181.39265294972.995347.298783101570.9103223.1105789.3107617.3115143.3....Japan

Korea....................8570.19553.711079.213182.614679.416090.817229.815147.315944.918386.520658.921606.723150.526228.32861332510.9..Korea

Luxembourg......................................368.2....399.4412.8415.5....Luxembourg

Mexico........................1545.321522129.72242.326633063.33617.23347.73537.93944.83979.74503.74950.6....Mexico

Netherlands46914880.15052.15081.35561.1605464216446.86429.96845.766436522.66684.77021.47293.17604.47950.47870.98515.58245.98307.87946.28122.983978315.6....Netherlands

New Zealand................524.3596.5581.8602.5647.3..672.3..808.6..781.3..943.9..1066.8..1107....New Zealand

Norway10631126.51198.61356.41513..1633.6..1668.6..1718.8..1873.3..2010.3..2207..2342.3..2622.82686.82804.82802.12931.43071.9..Norway

Poland..................2480.51938.82043.82119.22052.21987.22182.12331.32501.32704.92634.82579.123482357.52561.52698.52814.1..Poland

Portugal..300.4328.9334.3378.5400.5455.8492.7610.7685.5792.4863.3841.6821.3831.2913.1978.71137.81290.31424.31539.71467.91410.81497.11578.7....Portugal

Slovak Republic..................651.5899.3757.7595.8414.9453.6476.5597.3451.6378.9378.7383.1358.7379.4355.3373.8391.1..Slovak Republic

Spain1929.72240.12245.323742690.93088.23399.14004.64418.65166.654395740.75669.45367.15511.75781.45919.86743.56961.677048050.68915.89774.510234.711191.1....Spain

Sweden3520.9..4037.4..4839.9..5297.8..5475.6..5316.8..5997.7..6823..7496..8360.1..10362.3..9982.49764.110531.610784.4..Sweden

Switzerland3426.6..3442....4771.1....5222.5....5108.3......5365.1......5625.3......6710.9......Switzerland

Turkey..................1049.717251694.91655.11278.114401830.421432240.52705.42946307930482965.535604471.4....Turkey

United Kingdom21481.7..20937.7..22649.323732.72410224666.92531725480.724177.623694.624614.625138.925106.524789.824631.925294.627103.628006.82828628856.928960.928927.230194.7....United Kingdom

United States123164.1129523.6138776.2152205.5165392.3169288173081.2177296.6181027.5186740.5191087.8191933.4187975.5187933.3199884.1210764.6222935.7236448.8250826.8267767.5271685.6265884.7272239.5275048.8287092.1294861.3..United States

Japan (adj.)42899.445909.74937052763.858439.159480.563462.768273.574416.780555.782376.681539.779461.178702.783750.8........................Japan (adj.)

Total OECD276206289221.8304935.7328074.4356711.5367759.9381815.5396445.7412944.7431460.4451011452982.4448946.1452346.7478798.3500117.8523044.4544378.8572196.7606873.7625748627389.1640198.1652579.8682698.3....Total OECD

EU27............................151741154355.4158764.6164458.3174255.4183404.8189812.8193208.7194669.9196860.7202678.8....EU27

EU25............................150338.6153120.3157774.5163579.8173489.3182678.5189043.8192409.9193813.9195934.5201677.2....EU25

EU1596212..101944.4106810.1115029.7119669.1125598.5130582.4136153.3141108.1143458.7143118.9142571.9142886.7145121.8147722.1151813.2157456.3167158.2175984.6182025.7185395.7186666.3188337.5193177.9....EU15

European Commission......................................................European Commission

Non-member Economies......................................................Non-member Economies

Argentina..............................1730.61880.41914.12038.41957.51810.51477.41695.91974.22268.12640.7..Argentina

China....................14921.217173.518484.71892618868.120563.725499.927840.434731.244894.351202.662874.373267.887523.5104684.4124724.6..China

Israel....................2383.92610.628132997.43141.53515.13934.34319.451156746.27189.870856738.47027.77496.47946.7..Israel

Romania....................1030.31015.11110.4977.91082.3992765.2616.7500.1467.9528.2535.2572.8622.7689.3825.7..Romania

Russian Federation..................32607.223521.69155.58678.58312.88046.38809.19652.38353.3928310760.712678.614059.315522.914918.614738.815953.9..Russian Federation

Singapore..........................700797.41035.71211.31468.216411784.11951.32070.521022409.92703.7....Singapore

Slovenia........................397.8460.3426374.9388.3422.2456.2481.8536.5544.7484.4555.3596.7....Slovenia

South Africa....2260.9..2430..2236.8..2210.3..2694.3..1935.9......2154.3......2908.5..3387.33814.14290.2....South Africa

Chinese Taipei............................6723.47198.78022.788249654.410179.310506.111532.512642.913826.214878.1....Chinese Taipei

OECDgroup480858.2483282.9516375542970.7575399.6597098.2634659.7683195.8713995.4726488.1755555.3784074833758OECD Group. From OECD total plus affiliates, minus Romania and Slovania, counted twice.

GDP

INDICATOR: A.2. Gross Domestic Product (Million current PPP$)

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Australia172807176186190420.5205505.9222481.3234491.1254473.4273843.1290408.1295781305038.4323371.9342587366831.3392794.6412364.7437006.4464270.2497365.4524591.6552389.9584832.1624342.3659521.3701025.6746623.8790937.9Australia

Austria8498691918.398481.3102160107987.3112830.2117731.2125989.1135387.4147099.2157717.6165159.6169517177698184784.7193259.3197677.2205024214907.3230118.6235168.3242217.3257577.7272068.8283429.7300598.4318231.9Austria

Belgium109170.9116509.5121494.6129165.8135329.8140868.4148096.9160411.7172274.6184551.9194505202029.7204683.4215744.6225394230163.9238574.7247191.7253553.7273155288674303144.7317387.6334857.8346014.7366671.9385483Belgium

Canada308212.6317635.4339173.3372365402146.5421069.4451090489774.1521679.2542902.4550122.7567713.2594340.7636035.1667226.7690939732157.6770631.6825019.1873060.8910049.2938140.5975597.71036369.91099063.81172935.11233318.7Canada

Czech Republic..................125604.9114897116947.4119708.3124945.9135063.9143498.4143462143464.1145936.7152371.8161415.2172668185503.7200686.9212123.6228374.5247015.5Czech Republic

Denmark54805.960303.664350.769548.374568.180003.282450.58515788894.793701.998238.8102486.3104746.9112865.8118697.5125018.1131570.6136513.6144291.9153857.6160247.6162931.2165384.8173764.5184740.3196092.2205487.5Denmark

Finland49048.453609.657372.961338.565295.468504.272900.479246.686708.590135.9874628613487302.192331.297912.6102266.4112152120734.6124989135083.8143582148941145708.4156367.6162160.6174635184415.2Finland

France590309.3642536.1677291.3713349.1748980788422.2830620.7899431.9973506.31042756.41093265.41133952.21145662.41193590.11245335.91291271.61360108.61428362.81474282.91574809.616672671720456.81715355.21809067.31906542.22005947.12101738.3France

Germany763268.2806560.7851640.5908564958253.810020231044127.41119978.21207772.11320409.915569061628210.11652256.21731931.118006611857322.61904275.51957825.82004764.32101349.32169864.72235943.72390051.92472576.22542037.62653957.62801114.2Germany

Greece98420.4103232.4106157.3112358118713.3121988122524.5132161.1142388.7147896157811.5162575.6163649.7170443.2177570.7184587.1195923.1204881212909.8228602.2242503.1267078.6287613.2306307.5328435352076.4375051.5Greece

Hungary..................98019.488561.687824.889324.993896.997238.8100622.4105964.7111966117058.5125999138958.3149763.8158371167001.7176587.1185818.6195345.6Hungary

Iceland3043.43298.333553624.738594192.44676.44832.45028.85285.854555391.95588.259126039.76477.36884.87431.47775.98194.58683.58811.88989.29853.510803.611947.412350Iceland

Ireland24074.226123.727090.529331.631164.931723.234119.237130.740780.345943.848467.551241.35383058129650297120781961.790245.398348.7109635.6118765.8129693.2138010.6148306.2161176.1173651.3187816.3Ireland

Italy584530.6622698.4654891.8701402.4743161.3781456.4828665.4893039.2958333.31015831.31067469.41100491.31115775.51163824.21221129.112620701299719.81363456.71392793.11473988.61528028.91570172.71570714.81615939.91651072.61723064.61802684.3Italy

Japan1174165.51280117.51352189.41446721.91566916.91649241.41759094.81942514.421229002319702.82481242.72563051.52628428.52713348.82822910.32958420.63057406.23030625.13071103.93246566.83331122.23419835.73540705.73743989.23931959.24078361.94284602.8Japan

Korea117033.1133256.4153452.1172114.2189465214256.3244620.3279934.4310153.1351642.7398121.1431219.8468184.6518868.5577994.3630219.7670547.3631524.3701423.5768286.2816979.3878642925158.9996402.81072366.51138894.61217821.9Korea

Luxembourg4883.9524056106180.86548.47362.77864.98823.210055.310999.812368.512883.513733.214558.615068.215692.816138.717252.320240.6222622268724572.927401.329393.232122.935937.338619.5Luxembourg

Mexico339202.3357318.3355491.7382117.3404765.4398255.5416846.3436514.2472099.2515212.1555737.8589165.2614456.9655118.5627252.9672133.9729637.9774855.8815582.8897163.2918472.6951170984945.61055036.31117982.31208825.91281862.1Mexico

Netherlands154951.8162280.3171663.4183665.5194331.4204872214424.7229139.2248857.3267549.8284372.6296322306099.3321082.7337974.3355269.1379328.1398887417248.4451933.2488220.5505200.7516762.2547887.1576780.3616257.8650515.3Netherlands

New Zealand30846.734150.936477.339716.441250.343042.344406.144841.146857.348315.849606.751689.755643.560260.463864.666597.969927.671291.576408.780151.984737.689355.695949.1101348.1106931.1111235.1116494.6New Zealand

Norway44177.846974.150709.555630.560373.76436667484.569610.172990.977309.182468.187250.99174498279.4104675.3115613.9123308.5122151.5134711.9164343.3168913.8167607.4176514.4195196.7222664.8247572261636.4Norway

Poland..................233867.5225062.8236036250485.3269305.4293900.7318892.2343916.8363816381361.5408934.6422563.8442983.2461108.3501017.4532419.2574790.1628992Poland

Portugal60477.665531.368004.96923273360.578101.485379.494921.5104868.9113228.1122305.5126485126747.2130669139044144535.7154012.7164839.6175913.9187941.6196920.6205724.5197500.6203861.1211334221860.6231592.6Portugal

Slovak Republic..................42608.13721836513.238062.341276.844579.748328.35091653466.654458.658576.262768.868587.373110.978857.88610494897105807.8Slovak Republic

Spain280915.6301740.6319225.5337123.6355538.5375289.1407043.6442453.1481409.7518937.8550753.9568671.8575736.3601889.1631098.5659377690069.7735938.3791160849025.1909443.4981706.41045608.51111985.41193047.71276301.91355629.9Spain

Sweden94538.3101542107539.8116388.9122621.1128849.5136909.6145289.8154944.1162592.7166460.4168279.9168711.3178992.2189775.1196443.7203238.5210161.3224396.9241186.3245487.8253248265962.3279459.2289962.8308903.9330265.9Sweden

Switzerland99875.1104715.9109393.6116794.2124336.8129008.9133842.9142748.6154453.7166160.1169967.9173801.2177470.6182873.8187047.1187779.4199328.3208231.7208965.4222409.9227256.6240655.6248643.1261313.6272150.1289934.2303523.9Switzerland

Turkey118615.8130335.4142217.2157458.8169181.5185082.3208231.9219941.6228864.3259716.5271286.4294142.3325098.2313844.6343273.9375150.8406262422032.4403683459669.2421580.3453936.8476555.8517770.8555681.1625923.3678778.2Turkey

United Kingdom518933.7560942.8603620.9642299.7685365.5728195.4782194.7849223.3900405941867.2961560.79859141031580.51098688.41153936.912181351301102.11361012.61407797.71506762.61601518.31719028.21779078.71901565.71981207.62086586.52196943.7United Kingdom

United States3105400322950035088003902600418750044277004702100506390054417005757200594690062868006604300701750073423007762300825090086946009216200976480010075900104176001090800011630900123761001313290013750010.2United States

Japan (adj.)1174165.51280117.51352189.41446721.91566916.91649241.41759094.81942514.421229002319702.82481242.72563051.52628428.52713348.82822910.32958420.63057406.23030625.13071103.93246566.83331122.23419835.73540705.73743989.23931959.24078361.94284602.8Japan (adj.)

Total OECD8525574.790384439661561.31047634511192716.911801319.912532588.213545578.21458141315564875.317363243.118151550.318814140.219816750.921294505.92238026523577340.824495432.625594412.427294830.22832017029454649.730663613.832518673.53432402636341575.838274086.7Total OECD

EU27............................8410510.58762977.89153932.59561863.19904242.210571923.511116746.411652639.612078325.112727675.313307277.214085500.1..EU27

EU25............................8239668.98587875.38986804.99396846.39738368.210395335.610922403.611440990.211846553.412471715.613033510.313773155.2..EU25

EU153468430.93715529.43928825.44175927.54414670.84643126.14907188.35293572.65696530.86092501.86547296.36777952.76906297.97247878.77588343.37890926.58249714.48625074.38937357.59539711.110018378.910470059.910820117.911363407.611850064.112492542.513165589EU15

European Commission......................................................European Commission

Non-member Economies......................................................Non-member Economies

Argentina..............................388979.5427553.9448948440016.9446061.7436666.7395902.8439658.3491566.7553292.4617648.4..Argentina

China....................1714347.22009110.12318167.12677140.23029487.73395873.137737114113269.74489817.54973029.455155586122757.66872112.17764762.18814855.510043770..China

Israel....................82642.489912.897348106635112106.2120084.7125309.1131633.1136810.6151575.8154055.7155862.8160919.5173200188228.9203675.4..Israel

Romania....................112763.7105543.4109836.6116504.7123542.6131288.3125150.7120768.2120261.9126966.2141419.7153282.3168928.3188387.6200472.1231305250716.2Romania

Russian Federation..................1242828.71221360.21067696.4997756.4890731.6871255.9855877.5882350.4844871.8911931.21024990.31103120.711738651286736.21415573.71551602.21704035.9..Russian Federation

Singapore..........................5812963941.970226.677303.677153.484181.59475494850.4100827.4106034.1118022.1129593.9....Singapore

Slovenia........................21447.923068.325437.426970.228692.930227.132095.633722.735276.838072.639904.743105.345699.749579.6..Slovenia

South Africa....186005.3202830.4206523.8211165.6221554.6238778.8253774.6262751.9269169.2269482.4279074.6294176.3309527.5329004.5343353.7348964.6362354.9385636.1405728.3428031.5449768.7484483.7524433.1567064.3..South Africa

Chinese Taipei............................358674.5388241.9420684444670.4477532516714.1517184.1554269.9589430.9634237.9662870.5689877.1..Chinese Taipei

OECDgroup110338441.4

For chart

Efficiencies in 2005GDPPapersPapers/46748902.5Second try removed OEDC sum which was added twice before

GDP Basismillions/GDPGDP

2005PaperBillionsCurrent 2005 dollars with PPP weights$million per paperBillions

Australia0.022762364243.922.8Sweden28.9615261686SESweden34.5SE34.5SE

Austria0.016109814962.116.1Israel29.8349817721ISIsrael33.5IL33.5IL

Belgium0.019770836350.619.8Switzerland31.1064235913CHSwitzerland32.1CH32.1CH

Canada0.023507279642.523.5Finland33.7062149241FIFinland29.7FI29.7FI

Czech Republic0.014939403366.914.9New Zealand35.8468320483NZNew Zealand27.9NZ27.9NZ

Denmark0.027281540636.727.3Singapore35.90853422SGSingapore27.8SG27.8SG

Finland0.029668119133.729.7Denmark36.6548214286DKDenmark27.3DK27.3DK

France0.015897366462.915.9Netherlands41.5398127476NLNetherlands24.1NL24.1NL

Germany0.017365990257.617.4Canada42.540013934CACanada23.5CA23.5CA

Greece0.0130649976.513.1United Kingdom43.4742297902UKUnited Kingdom23.0UK23.0UK

Hungary0.014802893367.614.8Australia43.9321677007AUAustralia22.8AU22.8AU

Iceland0.019067718252.419.1Slovenia44.1542995169SISlovenia22.6SI22.6SI

Ireland0.013153314976.013.2Belgium50.5795497734BEBelgium19.8BE19.8BE

Italy0.014926660467.014.9Iceland52.4446601942ISIceland19.1IS19.1IS

Japan0.014107725270.914.1EU2756.65853671EUEU2717.6EU17.6EU

Korea0.015289548965.415.3Germany57.5838169668DEGermany17.4DE17.4DE

Luxembourg0.0018366959544.51.8United States60.277128385USUnited States16.6US16.6US

Mexico0.0034902163286.53.5Norway61.1045005488NONorway16.4NO16.4NO

Netherlands0.02407329141.524.1Chinese Taipei61.1447744673CNChinese Taipei16.4CN16.4CN

New Zealand0.027896467935.827.9Austria62.0739597021ATAustria16.1AT16.1AT

Norway0.016365406761.116.4France62.9035006104FRFrance15.9FR15.9FR

Poland0.012854532777.812.9Spain65.0658649651ESSpain15.4ES15.4ES

Portugal0.013769672772.613.8Korea65.4041534521KRKorea15.3KR15.3KR

Slovak Republic0.010673139593.710.7Czech Republic66.9370779426CZCzech Republic14.9CZ14.2OG

Spain0.015369041865.115.4Italy66.9942219517ITItaly14.9IT4.7CN

Sweden0.034528567129.034.5Hungary67.5543611324HUHungary14.8HU

Switzerland0.032147700831.132.1OECDgroup=70.4724743881OGOECDgroup=14.2OG

Turkey0.014063821971.114.1Japan70.8831497539JPJapan14.1JP

United Kingdom0.023002132643.523.0Turkey71.1044273832TRTurkey14.1TR

United States0.016590040560.316.6Portugal72.6233676976PTPortugal13.8PT

Japan (adj.)0.0Ireland76.0264622642IRIreland13.2IE

Total OECD0.0Greece76.5404334654GRGreece13.1GR

EU270.01764959156.717.6Poland77.7935710111PLPoland12.9PL

EU250.0Slovak Republic93.6931447225SKSlovak Republic10.7SK

EU150.0Russian Federation107.660435748RURussian Federation9.3RU

European Commission0.0China211.9159414367CNChina4.7CN

Non-member Economies0.0South Africa219.2446070234ZASouth Africa4.6ZA

Argentina0.0Romania226.0113866967RORomania4.4RO

China0.0047188522211.94.7Mexico286.5151973347MXMexico3.5MX

Israel0.033517701129.833.5Luxembourg1.8LU

Romania0.0044245558226.04.4Argentina0.0

Russian Federation0.0092884632107.79.3

Singapore0.02784853335.927.8

Slovenia0.022647851144.222.6

South Africa0.0045611156219.24.6

Chinese Taipei0.016354627361.116.4

OECDgroup0.0060120842166.36.0Wrong

OECDgroup=0.014189937470.514.2Corrected

GDP

Papers

INDICATOR: E. Total Population (Thousands)Papers Fractional Count from NSF Need to check this against original data

Place19951996199719981999200020012002200320042005

AustraliaAustralia13,12513,62313,81614,30714,34114,58914,48414,25514,93415,58615,957Overall efficiency in 2005

AustriaAustria3,4253,6463,9474,0744,1584,2574,4804,4604,6924,7164,566Fractional Count total /

BelgiumBelgium5,1725,5545,5325,6885,7135,7355,8276,0376,3026,6256,841GERD total for OECDgroup

CanadaCanada23,74023,84222,78122,20122,12522,70121,94522,34223,55224,23025,836

Czech RepublicCzech Republic1,9552,1852,3042,2642,3602,4812,5712,7472,8203,1783,169663,364

DenmarkDenmark4,3304,3694,5974,7174,7834,8834,9154,7615,0065,0095,040

FinlandFinland4,0774,3304,4524,5134,7194,8444,9304,9044,8985,0184,811

FranceFrance28,84729,74630,32231,39231,34531,42730,59830,53130,30229,89130,309

GermanyGermany37,64539,21341,41542,95342,96343,50942,67442,43642,22843,00944,145

GreeceGreece2,0582,2492,4342,6112,6262,9763,2043,4473,5873,9284,291

HungaryHungary1,7641,8131,9922,2022,2002,3582,3972,3232,4512,4092,614

IcelandIceland156145143174143150177195195191206

IrelandIreland1,2181,2541,3311,5201,4591,5811,5881,6291,6811,9352,120

ItalyItaly17,88019,23419,40220,05620,32721,40922,09022,48323,76524,75924,645

JapanJapan47,06850,34551,46253,83855,27457,10156,08256,34657,22856,53455,471

KoreaKorea3,8034,7715,8027,0578,4789,57211,00711,73513,40115,25516,396

LuxembourgLuxembourg2818343229404639386259

MexicoMexico1,9372,1242,3022,6592,8842,9713,2033,3203,6593,8703,902

NetherlandsNetherlands12,08912,41312,44412,50012,16812,34112,11712,48112,65713,24013,885

New ZealandNew Zealand2,4422,5752,7262,8022,9152,8512,8512,7402,8002,8252,983

NorwayNorway2,9202,9322,9653,0383,0433,1363,2153,1003,1303,3703,644

PolandPoland4,5494,5074,5654,7865,1005,5065,6296,0196,5826,6726,844

PortugalPortugal9901,0971,2551,4181,7111,8802,0812,3312,4232,8532,910

Slovak RepublicSlovak Republic1,0791,1401,0701,1409799789239548981,070919

SpainSpain11,31612,49513,07513,71914,51414,79515,32316,06216,09917,02518,336

SwedenSweden9,2879,5589,6559,8359,8909,88310,0229,8729,6779,85310,012

SwitzerlandSwitzerland7,2207,5687,8647,9848,1958,5047,9507,8798,1348,6748,749

TurkeyTurkey1,7152,2282,4812,7953,2233,4844,1515,2266,0397,4347,815

United KingdomUK45,49846,21345,88446,13846,78848,21645,58744,64245,21845,47945,572

United StatesUS193,337193,153189,752190,395188,004192,743190,592190,495196,427202,075205,320

Japan (adj.)

Total OECD

EU27EU27195,897203,947208,900214,755217,186222,688220,406221,719224,834230,464234,868

EU25

EU15

European Commission

Non-member Economies

ArgentinaArgentina1,9672,2872,4512,5512,6362,8462,9313,1782,9192,9823,058

ChinaChina9,06110,52612,17213,78115,71518,47921,13423,26928,76834,84641,596

IsraelIsrael5,7415,7516,0476,0185,9296,2906,2326,3816,5246,4616,309

RomaniaRomania678823917847917971927965875938887

Russian FederationRussia18,60318,55318,13317,16617,14517,18015,65815,84715,14614,92114,412

SingaporeSingapore1,1411,1411,3391,5841,8972,3612,4342,6322,9393,3843,6095-year

SloveniaSlovenia4344776036237088928518489519291,035averages

South AfricaSouth Africa2,3512,2162,2232,2252,3032,2212,2912,3282,2052,3202,39220042005

Chinese TaipeiTaiwan4,7595,7016,0166,3556,6437,1907,9128,1238,92910,13310,8410.52-0.370.08Australia

OECDgroup536,983553,428559,375571,685578,079597,057594,655601,110621,763645,555663,3641.250.490.87Belgium

This is calculated from the total, then subtracting the EU countries explicitly listed, since the EU is in total. It checks the total on Patricias page.-0.913.771.43Canada

8.54-2.962.79Czech Republic

-3.63-2.08-2.86Denmark

-1.33-6.70-4.01Finland

-4.99-1.32-3.16France

-1.90-0.11-1.01Germany

5.476.315.89Greece

-5.345.600.13Hungary

Percent ChangeAnnual percent changes-5.664.96-0.35Iceland

Paper Shares of the OECDgroup2001-20052000-200510.876.628.74Ireland

Place199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052001200220030.34-3.131200.64Italy

Australia2.442.462.472.502.482.442.442.372.402.412.41-1.24-1.56-0.32-2.641.28-4.85-4.51-2.21Japan

Austria0.640.660.710.710.720.710.750.740.750.730.69-8.64-3.465.66-1.521.719.644.594.02Korea

Belgium0.961.000.990.990.990.960.981.001.011.031.035.247.362.012.490.9257.14-7.3911.04Luxembourg

Canada4.424.314.073.883.833.803.693.723.793.753.895.542.43-2.940.721.911.87-1.88-0.06Mexico

Czech Republic0.360.390.410.400.410.420.430.460.450.490.4810.4914.964.055.70-0.750.752.062.36Netherlands

Denmark0.810.790.820.830.830.820.830.790.810.780.76-8.08-7.101.06-4.171.65-2.832.76-0.31New Zealand

Finland0.760.780.800.790.820.810.830.820.790.780.73-12.52-10.612.19-1.60-3.443.705.231.22Norway

France5.375.375.425.495.425.265.155.084.874.634.57-11.20-13.20-2.24-1.29-4.05-2.37-0.18-2.03Poland

Germany7.017.097.407.517.437.297.187.066.796.666.65-7.27-8.68-1.52-1.63-3.8013.41-0.741.14Portugal

Greece0.380.410.440.460.450.500.540.570.580.610.6520.0529.778.106.430.6014.76-16.422.69Slovak Republic

Hungary0.330.330.360.390.380.390.400.390.390.370.39-2.24-0.222.06-4.132.011.854.811.32Spain

Iceland0.030.030.030.030.020.030.030.030.030.030.034.3323.6118.488.99-3.32-1.93-1.114.22Sweden

Ireland0.230.230.240.270.250.260.270.270.270.300.3219.6720.690.851.48-0.242.71-1.840.59Switzerland

Italy3.333.483.473.513.523.593.713.743.823.843.720.013.613.600.692.1918.562.305.47Turkey

Japan8.779.109.209.429.569.569.439.379.208.768.36-11.33-12.56-1.39-0.61-1.81-3.13-2.49-1.88UK

Korea0.710.861.041.231.471.601.851.952.162.362.4733.5354.1715.465.4710.40-0.92-1.125.86US

Luxembourg0.010.000.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.0114.9832.7615.46-16.13-5.80-1.61-0.20-1.66Argentina

Mexico0.360.380.410.470.500.500.540.550.590.600.599.2118.218.242.546.5516.6616.1710.03China

Netherlands2.252.242.222.192.102.072.042.082.042.052.092.721.27-1.421.90-1.96-4.62-4.97-2.21Israel

New Zealand0.450.470.490.490.500.480.480.460.450.440.45-6.21-5.830.40-4.93-1.203.25-7.98-2.09Romania

Norway0.540.530.530.530.530.530.540.520.500.520.551.604.582.93-4.61-2.39-5.12-6.00-3.04Russia

Poland0.850.810.820.840.880.920.951.001.061.031.038.9911.882.655.785.7210.903.795.77Singapore

Portugal0.180.200.220.250.300.310.350.390.390.440.4425.3539.3211.1410.810.49-5.918.424.99Slovenia

Slovak Republic0.200.210.190.200.170.160.160.160.140.170.14-10.75-15.43-5.242.25-9.001.340.34-2.06South Africa

Spain2.112.262.342.402.512.482.582.672.592.642.767.2711.553.993.70-3.109.304.113.60Taiwan

Sweden1.731.731.731.721.711.661.691.641.561.531.51-10.45-8.821.82-2.55-5.23-1.27-0.83-1.61EU27

Switzerland1.341.371.411.401.421.421.341.311.311.341.32-1.35-7.40-6.14-1.96-0.190.000.00-1.66OECDgroup

Turkey0.320.400.440.490.560.580.700.870.971.151.1868.77101.8919.6324.5511.72

UK8.478.358.208.078.098.087.677.437.277.046.87-10.39-14.93-5.07-3.12-2.07

US36.0034.9033.9233.3032.5232.2832.0531.6931.5931.3030.95-3.43-4.12-0.72-1.12-0.31

Argentina0.370.410.440.450.460.480.490.530.470.460.46-6.47-3.293.407.26-11.20

China1.691.902.182.412.723.103.553.874.635.406.2776.43102.6014.838.9219.53

Israel1.071.041.081.051.031.051.051.061.051.000.95-9.25-9.72-0.521.29-1.16

Romania0.130.150.160.150.160.160.160.160.140.150.13-14.23-17.78-4.152.98-12.34

Russia3.463.353.243.002.972.882.632.642.442.312.17-17.49-24.50-8.490.12-7.60

Singapore0.210.210.240.280.330.400.410.440.470.520.5432.9237.583.516.977.96

Slovenia0.080.090.110.110.120.150.140.140.150.140.169.024.43-4.21-1.428.42

South Africa0.440.400.400.390.400.370.390.390.350.360.36-6.41-3.073.570.52-8.43

Taiwan0.891.031.081.111.151.201.331.351.441.571.6322.8335.7110.491.566.27

EU2736.4836.8537.3537.5737.5737.3037.0636.8836.1635.7035.41-4.48-5.07-0.62-0.48-1.96

OECDgroup100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.000.000.000.000.000.00

Population

INDICATOR: E. Total Population (Thousands)

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Australia15054152891548315677159011613916395166871693717170173871758117757179491819318417186061881219036192701952719752199802020420474....Australia

Austria75697574756275617565757075757585762076787755784179067936794879597968797779928012804380848118817582338282..Austria

Belgium984198499854985598579859987099049940996810006100471008610116101371015510180102031022210246102811033010373104171047410548..Belgium

Canada24820251172536725608258432610126449267952728227698280312836728682289992930229611299073015730404306893102131373316693197432271....Canada

Czech Republic1030310314103231033110337103411034910356103621036310309103181033110336103311031510304102951028310273102241020110202102071023410267..Czech Republic

Denmark51225118511451115113512051275130513251405154517151895206523052625285530353215338535753765390540354195437..Denmark

Finland48004827485648824902491849324946496449865014504250665089510851255140515351655176518852015213522752455266..Finland

France5541955751560495632156600568865719257519578595817158459587455899559210594195962459831600476034860751611826161662042624456281863195..France

Germany6168261638614236117561024610666107761450620636325479984805948117981422816618189682052820298208782188823408248282520825018246482366..Germany

Greece98979959100171006710106101391017410210102641033710424105001055810606106341070910777108351088310917109501098811024110621110411125..Greece

Hungary1070010683106561062010579105341048610443103981036510346103241029410261103291031110290102671023810211101881015910130101071008710071..Hungary

Iceland231234237239241243246250253255258261264266267269271274277281285288289293296304..Iceland

Ireland3443348035053529354135423543353135103506352635553574358636013626366137113751380038593926399140594149....Ireland

Italy565105654456564565775659356596566025