Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Instructor: Bert Binas, Ph.D. 분자생명과학부 Department of Molecular and Life Sciences 과학기술대학 College of Science and Technology Contact: bbinas@hanyang.ac.kr 031-400-5517 전문 분야: Areas of expertise: 세포 생물학 (줄기 세포) Cell biology (stem cells) 분자 생물학 (유전 공학) Molecular biology (genetic engineering) 생화학 (연료 물질 대사) Biochemistry (fuel metabolism)

대학생물학 General Biology

Campbell Essential Biology (5th Edition) -International Edition [Paperback] Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece

Paperback: 544 pages Publisher: Pearson Education; International ed of 5th revised ed edition (February 1, 2012) Language: English ISBN-10: 0321807294 ISBN-13: 978-0321807298

Paperback: 544 pages Publisher: Benjamin Cummings; 5 edition (February 19, 2012) Language: English ISBN-10: 0321772598 ISBN-13: 978-0321772596

Campbell Essential Biology (5th Edition) [Paperback] Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece

Recommended textbook: “Campbell Essential Biology”

U.S edition “International edition”

This textbook has 20 chapters: Unit 1. Cells (Chapters 1-7) Unit 2. Genetics (Chapters 8-12) Unit 3. Evolution and Diversity (Chapters 13-17) Unit 4. Ecology (Chapters 18-20)

Subject of this course

Only a few selected facts from these chapters will be discussed in this course

Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, 4/E Eric J. Simon, New England College Jean L. Dickey, Clemson University Jane B. Reece, Berkeley, California ISBN-10: 0321772601 • ISBN-13: 9780321772602 ©2013 • Benjamin Cummings • Paper, 752 pp Published 02/17/2012

There is an extended version of the same textbook: “Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology”

• This textbook has 29 chapters • The first 20 chapters are identical

with the textbook “Campbell Essential Biology”

• We will not discuss the physiology chapters

Goal of this course

•This course focuses on the essence of biology – brief and to the point

•It is basic, but basic does not mean simple!

•I emphasize aspects that are relevant for engineers • There is no textbook of biology for engineering students • Therefore the course is not identical with the suggested textbook

• The slideshows are the basis of the exams

• A summary slide is given at the end of each lecture.

About English language • My experience

• 20% of you understand and communicate well • 50% of you understand and communicate somehow • 30% of you have big problems

•Help with language problems

• Detailed slide shows in English • Summaries in English and Korean • Recommended textbook in English • Exams will be as multiple choice, no essays

•There are alternative General Biology lecture series in English on the web •For example, from the University of California at Berkeley (39 lectures, ~50 minutes each ) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRiokVd-ID8&p=58DC5865AE85BA28&feature=BF&index=1

•There will be more courses in English! The problem won’t walk away!

Don’t read the Korean edition

About discipline •Please close the doors of the class room

•If you want to sleep, go home! •If you want to leave the room during the lecture

• Tell me your name • Tell me the reason for leaving

•I may then count you as absent on that day!

The scientific attitude to life has completely changed: •Biology has become “hard science”, like chemistry and physics

•Organisms have become “machine-like” (differences from human-made machines will be discussed in another lecture)

A personal preface from the instructor

Why should an engineer learn biology?

Living creatures can provide engineering solutions (“bionics”)

Example: The Lotus effect

Lotus in the rain Computer graph of lotus leaf

The Lotus effect enables self-cleaning

Structured hydrophobic surface of a lotus leaf

Self-cleaning of lotus leaf: Water droplets roll off and pick up dirt particles

Novel paint “Lotusan” on a building: Rain droplets clean the wall

Lotus plant

Website with more examples of biologically inspired engineering: wyss.harvard.edu

Living creatures can be interfaced with machines

Example 1: Bionic organs

Bionic arm (1 min 15 sec) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1OBzc9QfIs&feature=related

Bionic hand (2 min 5 sec) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJg9igTnjIo

1b: Bionic limbs

(2 min 09 sec) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MkJk6797mI

1a: Bionic heart

•Helmet-like device measures brain waves. •Resulting signals are used to steer an electric wheelchair.

Example 2: Paralyzed people can control wheelchairs and other devices

A cap that can read brain signals (Toyota Motor Company, June 2009)

2a: Tongue drive system

(30 sec) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eL3GnvEWtL8 (1 min 48 sec) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6u33I98HJ58

Brainwave cat ears (Company neurowear, 2011)

2b: Brain-computer interface technology

(1 min 5 sec) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w06zvM2x_lw (2 min 37 sec) http://www.necomimi.com/WatchTheVideo.aspx

•Movement of the ears indicates emotional state (concentration, relaxation, nervous).

Example 3: Nerve cells on microchips

A snail nerve cell is held in position

Biological research and medical diagnostics require advanced equipment

Examples •Computer tomography

•Microscopy (electron m., atomic force m., ….)

•Video magnification (color and motion amplification):

Visualize blood flow and breathing. (2 min 47 sec). Watch the first minute only. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVlC_-e-4yg

Medical therapies require advanced equipment

Example: Remote robotic telesurgery

(3 min 40 sec) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7IojFFHtiA

(1 min 51 sec) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yglGIKZcWc&feature=related

Living creatures are machines and computers

Example: Metabolic pathways are integrated circuits

There are important differences between organisms and human-made machines – will be discussed in another lecture

(Metabolism = the sum of chemical conversions in a cell or organism)

Living creatures can be re-engineered just like machines

Example 1: Metabolic engineering is a new field in which organisms are re-engineered to produce useful products

http://wyss.harvard.edu/staticfiles/gallery/MAGE_animation/MAGE_device.html

A robot that is used for genetic engineering of bacteria: Many genes can be altered at the same time

(Genes = heritable units of biological information)

Example 2: Genetic engineering

2a

Fly engineered to have more wings Normal fly

2b: Re-engineering of the body plan in flies

Mouse engineered to become fluorescent Pigs engineered to become fluorescent

2c: Jellyfish gene transferred into mice and pigs

New (“synthetic”) organisms are being engineered

“Creation of a bacterial cell controlled by a chemically synthesized genome” (Journal Science, 2010) Scientists used lab-made chemicals to synthesize a whole genome and transplanted it into a living bacterium from which the original genome was removed. The artificial genome gained control of the cell.

Gibson DG et al., Creation of a bacterial cell controlled by a chemically synthesized genome. Science 329 (5987), 52-56 (2010)

(Genome = the sum of all genes of an organism)

A new scientific field, computational life sciences, is emerging

Summary – Why should an engineering student care about biology?

•Living creatures can provide engineering solutions •Living creatures can be interfaced with machines •Biological research and medicine require advanced equipment •Medical therapies require advanced equipment •Living creatures share important features with machines and computers •Living creatures can be re-engineered like machines •New (“synthetic”) organisms are being engineered

•Molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics have made it possible to treat organisms as (complicated) machines •A complete understanding and engineering of these “machines” has become a realistic goal

Many engineering and informatics jobs will arise in biology

Chapter 1: Introduction: Biology today The subject of biology; The diversity, unity, and evolution of life Chapter 2: Essential chemistry for biology The chemical foundation of life; Isotopes and their use in the life sciences; The special roles of water Chapter 3: The molecules of life “Small” biomolecules; Macromolecules (biopolymers) Chapter 4: A tour of the cell Microscopes; Structural cell categories; Cell components; Origin of eukaryotes; Picture show of cellular diversity Chapter 5: The working cell Energy in biology; Catalysis and enzymes; Functions of biomembranes Chapter 6: Obtaining energy from food Cellular respiration; Fermentation Chapter 7: Photosynthesis Making sugar out of CO2 and water; Shared features of respiration and photosynthesis Chapter 8: Cellular reproduction Chromosomes and the cell cycle; Nonsexual reproduction; Sexual reproduction; The biological roles of sex Chapter 9: Patterns of inheritance The laws of inheritance; Chromosomes and inheritance; Genetic diseases Chapter 10: The structure and function of DNA DNA structure; DNA replication; Flow of genetic information; Mutations; Viruses and transposons Chapter 11: How genes are controlled Patterns of gene expression; Mechanisms of gene regulation; Cloning and stem cells Chapter 12: DNA technology (and its social impact) Genetic engineering; Genomics; Gene therapy; Ethical controversies; The near future of biology

General biology for engineering students - Course structure

Week 1 Lecture 1: Preface: Why should an engineering student care about biology?

Lecture 2: The subject of biology

Week 2 Lecture 3: The diversity, unity, and evolution of life Lecture 4: The chemical foundation of life

Week 3 Lecture 5: “Small” biomolecules Lecture 6: Macromolecules

Week 4 Lecture 7: A tour of the cell Lecture 8: The components of cells (Part 1)

Week 5 Lecture 9: The components of cells (Part 2) Lecture 10: Energy in biology; Enzyme catalysis

Week 6 Lecture 11: Biomembranes Lecture 12: Cellular respiration and fermentation

Week 7 Lecture 13: Photosynthesis Exam

Week 8 Lecture 14: Non-sexual reproduction; Sexual reproduction (Part 1) Lecture 15: Sexual reproduction (Part 2)

Week 9 Lecture 16: Patterns of inheritance (Part 1) Lecture 17: Patterns of inheritance (Part 2)

Week 10 Children’s day (no lecture) Buddha’s birthday (no lecture)

Week 11 Lecture 18: Structure and function of DNA Lecture 19: Mutations; Viruses and transposons

Week 12 Lecture 20: Regulation of gene expression (Part 1) Lecture 21: Regulation of gene expression (Part 2)

Week 13 Lecture 22: Cloning and stem cells Lecture 23: The basics of DNA technology

Week 14 Lecture 24: Applications of DNA technology Lecture 25: Genomics; Social aspects; The near future of biology

Week 15 Lecture 26: The process and culture of science (with emphasis on biology) Lecture 27: Review

Week 16 Exam

Lecture schedule and titles for Spring semester 2014

요약 – 왜 공대생이 생물학에 관심을 가져야 하는가?

• 생명체는 공학적 해결방법을 제공할 수 있다. • 생명체는 기계와 접점이 될 수 있다. • 생물학적 연구와 의학에서 고급 장비가 요구된다. • 의학 치료에 고급 장비가 요구된다. • 생명체는 기계와 컴퓨터와 중요한 특징들을 공유하고 있다. • 생명체는 재 조작될 수 있다. • 새로운 (“합성한”) 유기체들은 조작되고 있다.

• 분자생물학, 생화학, 생물리학은 유기체들을 (복잡한) 기계처럼 다루는 것을 가능하게 해왔다.

• 이들 “기계”의 완벽한 이해와 조작은 현실적인 목표가 되었다.

공학과 정보학 관련 직업들이 많이 생물학 분야에서 생길 것이다.

제 1장: 소개: 오늘날의 생물학 생물학의 주제; 생명의 다양성과 통일성, 그리고 진화 제 2장: 생물학을 위한 필수 화학 생명의 화학적 기초; 동위원소와 생명과학에서의 이용; 물의 특별한 역할들 제 3장: 생명을 구성하는 분자들 “작은” 생분자; 거대분자 (생체고분자) 제 4장: 세포 속으로 여행 현미경; 구조상 세포의 범주들; 세포 구성요소들; 진핵세포의 기원; 세포의 다양성에 대한 사진전시 제 5장: 움직이는 세포 생물학에서 에너지; 촉매작용과 효소; 생체막의 역할 제 6장: 음식에서 얻는 에너지 세포 호흡; 발효 제 7장: 광합성 물과 이산화탄소로부터 당의 생성; 호흡과 광합성의 공통 특징 제 8장: 세포상의 생식 염색체과 세포 주기; 무성 생식; 유성 생식; 생물학적 성의 역할 제 9장: 유전의 패턴 유전의 법칙; 염색체와 유전; 유전병 제 10장: DNA의 구조와 기능 DNA 구조; DNA 복제; 유전정보의 흐름; 돌연변이; 바이러스와 전이인자 제 11장: 유전자가 조절되는 방법 유전자 발현의 패턴; 유전자 조절의 기작; 복제와 줄기세포 제 12장: DNA technology(그리고 사회적 영향) 유전학적 공학기술; 유전체학; 유전자 치료; 윤리 논란; 생물학의 비전

공대생들을 위한 일반생물학 - 목차

1 주차 강의 1: 마리말: 왜 공대생이 생물학에 관심을 가져야 하는가? 강의 2: 생물학의 주제

2 주차 강의 3: 생명의 다양성과 통일성, 그리고 진화 강의 4: 생명의 화학적 기초

3 주차 강의 5: “작은” 생분자 강의 6: 거대분자 (생체고분자)

4 주차 강의 7: 세포 속으로의 여행 강의 8: 세포 구성요소들 (Part 1)

5 주차 강의 9: 세포 구성요소들 (Part 2) 강의 10: 생물학에서 에너지; 효소 촉매작용

6 주차 강의 11: 생체막 강의 12: 세포 호흡과 발효

7 주차 강의 13: 광합성 중간고사

8 주차 강의 14: 무성생식; 유성생식 (Part 1) 강의 15: 유성생식 (Part 2)

9 주차 강의 16: 유전의 양식 (Part 1) 강의 17: 유전의 양식 (Part 2)

10 주차 어린이날 (강의없음) 석가탄신일 (강의없음)

11 주차 강의 18: DNA의 구조와 기능 강의 19: 돌연변이; 바이러스와 전이인자 (transposons)

12 주차 강의 20: 유전자 발현의 조절 (Part 1) 강의 21: 유전자 발현의 조절 (Part 2)

13 주차 강의 22: 복제와 줄기세포 강의 23: DNA 기술의 기초

14 주차 강의 24: DNA 기술의 응용 강의 25: 유전체학; 사회적 특징; 생물학의 가까운 미래

15 주차 강의 26: 과학의 발전과 문화 (생물학 중심으로) 강의 27: 후기

16 주차 기말고사

2014년 1학기의 강의 일정과 제목