Enw/Name ... · 2018. 4. 13. · Religious Education Addysg Grefyddol Science Gwyddoniaeth...
Transcript of Enw/Name ... · 2018. 4. 13. · Religious Education Addysg Grefyddol Science Gwyddoniaeth...
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Enw/Name: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dosbarth / Class: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tiwtor / Tutor: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ysgol Dyffryn ConwyFfordd Nebo, Llanrwst, Conwy LL26 OSD
Rhif Ffôn / Telephone: 01492 642800 Rhif Ffacs / Fax: 01492 642801
Gwefan / Website: www.ysgoldyffrynconwy.orgE-bost/ Email: [email protected]
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CONTENTS / CYNNWYSSchool LanguageGeirfa Ysgol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2Art and DesignCelf a Dylunio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7BusinessBusnes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Design and TechnologyDylunio a Thechnoleg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9TechnologyThechnoleg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-10Food TechnologyThechnoleg Bwyd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-12TextilesTecstiliau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-14DramaDrama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-16FrenchFfrangeg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17GeographyDaearyddiaeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-20HistoryHanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Information TechnologyThechnoleg Gwybodaeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22LanguageIaith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23MathematicsMathemateg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28-31MusicCerddoriaeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32-35Physical EducationAddysg Gorfforol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36-37PsychologySeicoleg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38-39Religious StudiesAddysg Grefyddol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40-42ScienceGwyddoniaeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43-50SociologyCymdeithaseg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51My personal corrections Fy nghywiriadau personol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
3Termiadur / Terminology Book
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1Termiadur / Terminology Book
SCHOOL LANGUAGEGEIRFA YSGOL
to announce cyhoeddi
to compare cymharu
to copy copïo
to correct cywiro
to describe disgrifio
to discuss trafod
to evaluate gwerthuso
to explain esbonio/egluro
to express an opinion mynegi barn
to forget anghofio
to imagine dychmygu
to learn dysgu
to lose colli
to photocopy llungopïo
to prepare paratoi
to print argraffu
to redo ail-wneud
to redraft ailddrafftio
to register cofrestru
to remember cofio
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2 Termiadur / Terminology Book 3Termiadur / Terminology Book
to revise adolygu
to spell sillafu
to think meddwl
announcement cyhoeddiad
assembly gwasanaeth
bell cloch
break egwyl
canteen ffreutur
choir côr
classroom ystafell ddosbarth
classwork gwaith dosbarth
computer cyfrifiadur
essay traethawd
homework gwaith cartref
lunch hour awr ginio
office swyddfa
to practice i ymarfer
subject pwnc
tannoy uchelseinydd
test prawf
timetable amserlen
PEOPLEPOBL
(computer) technician technegydd (cyfrifiaduron)
assistant head pennaeth cynorthwyol
canteen staff staff y gegin
careers officer swyddog gyrfaoedd
caretaker gofalwr
cleaner (female) glanhawraig
cleaner (male) glanhawr
cook cogyddes
deputy dirprwy
form teacher athro dosbarth
headteacher pennaeth
nurse nyrs
progress leader arweinydd cynnydd
office staff staff y swyddfa
secretary ysgrifenyddes
subject leader arweinydd pwnc
subject teacher athro pwnc
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4 Termiadur / Terminology Book 5Termiadur / Terminology Book
PENCIL CASECAS PENSILIAU
SUBJECTSPYNCIAU
biro beiro
colouring pencils pensiliau lliw
fountain pen ysgrifbin
highlighter uwch-oleuwr
pencil pensil
protractor onglydd
rubber rhwbiwr
ruler pren mesur
sharpener miniwr
Art Celf
Drama Drama
English Saesneg
French Ffrangeg
Geography Daearyddiaeth
History Hanes
Information Technology Technoleg Gwybodaeth
Mathematics Mathemateg
Music Cerddoriaeth
Physical Education Addysg Gorfforol
PSE ABCh
Religious Education Addysg Grefyddol
Science Gwyddoniaeth
Technology Technoleg
Welsh Cymraeg
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7Termiadur / Terminology Book6 Termiadur / Terminology Book
ART AND DESIGNCELF A DYLUNIO
abstract haniaethol
colour lliw
composition cyfansoddiad
exhibitions arddangosfeydd
form ffurf
figurative ffigurol
kiln odyn
line llinell
media cyfryngau
medium cyfrwng
paint paent
pastels pasteli
pattern patrwm
pencil pensil
perspective persbectif
pottery crochenwaith
proportion cyfrannedd
shade arlliw
shape siâp
space gofod
still life bywyd llonydd
style arddull
texture gwead
to print argraffu
to sketch braslunio
tone tôn
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9Termiadur / Terminology Book8 Termiadur / Terminology Book
BUSINESSBUSNES
DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGYDYLUNIO A THECHNOLEG
TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLEG
balance sheet(s) mantolen(ni)
cash flow llif arian
currency rate cyfradd arian cyfred
economics economeg
franchise masnachfraint
inflation chwyddiant
interest rates cyfradd
liabilities atebolrwydd
loss colled
marketing marchnata
partnership partneriaeth
primary sector sector cynradd
private limited company (ltd.) cwmni cyfyngedig preifat
profit elw
profit and loss account cyfrif elw a cholled
public limited company cwmni cyfyngedig cyhoeddus
secondary sector sector uwchradd
sole trader unig fasnachwr
supply and demand cyflenwad a galw
tertiary sector sector trydyddol
vat (value added tax) taw (treth ar werth)
brief briff
equipment offer
evaluation gwerthusiad
ideas syniadau
practical work gwaith ymarferol
research ymchwil
shape siâp
situation sefyllfa
task tasg
to design cynllunio
to evaluate gwerthuso
to measure mesur
aluminium alwminiwm
apron ffedog
battery batri
bradawl mynawyd
brief briff
centre punch pwns canoli
chisel cŷn
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11Termiadur / Terminology Book10 Termiadur / Terminology Book
circuit cylchedd
diode deuod
drill ebill
evaluation gwerthusiad
fuse ffiws
glue glud
goggles sbectol ddiogelwch
guillotine gilotin
hammer morthwyl
handles dolennau
marking gauge medrydd marcio
metal metel
mild steel dur meddal
nails hoelion
pillar drill dril piler
polystyrene polystyren
research ymchwil
resistor gwrthydd
saw llif fwa fach
tenon saw llif dyno
situation sefyllfa
template patrymlun
to coat with plastic araenu â phlastig
to drill drilio
to file ffeilio
to rivet rhybedu
to solder sodro
to weld weldio
try square sgwâr brofi
vacuum forming ffurfio gwactod
vice feis
wires gwifrau
apple corer creiddell afal
balanced diet diet cytbwys
base gwaelod
calcium calsiwm
carbohydrate carbohydrad
chopping board bwrdd torri
dough toes
equipment offer
fat braster
flour blawd
flour dredger sgeintiwr blawd
flours blodiau
freezer rhewgell
hob hob
FOOD TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLEG BWYD
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13Termiadur / Terminology Book12 Termiadur / Terminology Book
hygiene hylendid
ingredients cynhwysion
method dull
mixing bowl bowlen gymysgu
nutrients maetholion
nutrition maetheg
nutritional maethol
nutritive value gwerth maethol
oven popty
peeler piliwr/pliciwr
recipe rysait
refrigerator oergell
rolling pin rholbren
self-rising flour blawd codi
sensory evaluation gwerthusiad synhwyraidd
sieve rhidyll
spatula sbatula
tasty, delicious blasus
temperature tymheredd
texture ansawdd
to bake crasu
to beat curo
to spread taenu
topping topin
weigh pwyso
wholemeal flour blawd gwenith cyflawn
yeast burum
TEXTILESTECSTILIAU
cotton cotwm
bobbin bobbin
eyelet llygaden
fabric ffabrig
fashion ffasiwn
fastening dull cau
iron haearn smwddio
linen lliain
machine embroidery brodwaith peiriant
machine stitch pwyth peiriant
needle nodwydd
over locker peiriant trosgloi
pins pinnau
presser foot gwasgell
scissors siswrn
sewing machine peiriant gwnïo
silk sidan
stitch pwyth
take up lever codell
texture gwead
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15Termiadur / Terminology Book14 Termiadur / Terminology Book
thread edau
to bleach cannu
to decorate addurno
to iron smwddio
to tack tacio
unpicker datodwr
wool gwlân
DRAMADRAMA
accent acen
audience cynulleidfa
character cymeriad
concentration canolbwyntio
designer dylunydd
directing cyfarwyddo
discuss trafod
evaluating gwerthuso
facial expression mynegiant wynebol
gesture ystum
hot seating ymarfer y gadair goch
improvisation byrfyfyrio
lights goleuadau
mime meim
perform perfformio
pitch traw
planning cynllunio
posture osgo
proscenium arch stage llwyfan bwa proseniwn
script sgript
sound effects effeithiau sain
stage llwyfan
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17Termiadur / Terminology Book16 Termiadur / Terminology Book
still image llun llonydd
tempo tempo
theatre in the round llwyfan gylch
thought tracking tracio’r meddwl
thrust stage llwyfan gwth
tone tôn
traverse stage llwyfan traws
volume cryfder
walk cerddediad
work together cydweithio
FRENCHFFRANGEG
accent acen
adjectival agreement cytundeb ansoddeiriol
adjective ansoddair
consonant cytsain
feminine benywaidd
infinitive berfenw
language iaith
masculine gwrywaidd
noun enw
plural lluosog
pronoun rhagenw
singular unigol
verb berf
verb tense amser y ferf
vowel llafariad
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19Termiadur / Terminology Book18 Termiadur / Terminology Book
GEOGRAPHYDAEARYDDIAETH
beach replenishment ailgyflenwi
brown field site safle tir llwyd/brown
cliff clogwyn
climate hinsawdd
coast arfordir
confluence cydlifiad
contour line cyfuchlin
convectional rainfall glaw darfudol
crust cramen
dam argae
development datblygiad
earthquake daeargryn
environment amgylchedd
environmental amgylcheddol
erosion erydu
EU (European Union) UE (Undeb Ewropeaidd)
floodplain gorlifdir
floods llifogydd
forest coedwig
fossil fuel tanwydd ffosil
gorge ceunant
greenfield site safle tir glas
hard engineering peirianneg galed
honey pot sile safle pot mêl
industry diwydiant
internet rhyngrwyd
infrastructure tanadeiledd
landforms tirffurfiau
local lleol
longshore drift drift y glannau
mass tourism twristiaeth dorfol
meander ystum afon
multiplier effect effaith lluosogydd
non-renewable resource adnodd anadnewyddadwy
oxbow lake ystumllyn
permeable athraidd
plan cynllun
pollution llygredd
population poblogaeth
precipitation dyodiad
rain glaw
refugees ffoaduriaid
relief tirwedd
renewable resource adnodd adnewyddadwy
residential area ardal breswyl
river afon
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21Termiadur / Terminology Book20 Termiadur / Terminology Book
rural gwledig
scale graddfa
sea/ocean môr/cefnfor
sediment gwaddod
service gwasanaeth
settlement anheddiad
site safle
soft engineering peiriranneg feddal
storm surge ymchwydd storm
sustainability cynaladwyedd
temperature tymheredd
to deposit dyddodi
to evaporate anweddu
to migrate mudo
the Welsh people y Cymry
tributary llednant
urban trefol
valley dyffryn
volcano llosgfynydd
vegetation llystyfiant
Wales Cymru
water vapour anwedd dŵr
waterfall rhaeadr
weather tywydd
HISTORYHANES
attack ymosod
century/centuries canrif/canrifoedd
chronology cronoleg
crown coron
cultural diwylliannol
economic economaidd
enemy/enemies gelyn/gelynion
evidence tystiolaeth
government llywodraeth
industrial revolution chwyldro diwydiannol
king/kings brenin/brenhinoedd
political gwleidyddol
prince/princes tywysog/tywysogion
religion crefydd
slave/slaves caethwas/caethweision
social cymdeithasol
source/sources ffynhonnell/ffynonellau
the middle ages yr oesoedd canol
war/wars rhyfel/rhyfeloedd
working/living conditions amodau gwaith/byw
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23Termiadur / Terminology Book22 Termiadur / Terminology Book
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLEG GWYBODAETH
LANGUAGEIAITH
SOCIAL NETWORKSRHWYDWEITHIAU CYMDEITHASOL
GRAMMATICAL TERMSTERMAU GRAMADEG
chat rooms ‘stafelloedd sgwrsio
cyberbullying seibrfwlio
digital footprint ôl troed digidol
e-mail e-bost
eSafety eDdiogelwch
internet rhyngrwyd
password cyfrinair
username enw defnyddiwr
adjective ansoddair
article y fannod
collective noun enw torfol
common noun enw cyffredin
infinitive berfenw
mutation treiglad
object gwrthrych
preposition arddodiad
pronoun rhagenw
proper noun enw priod
subject goddrych
to mutate treiglo
Verb berf
capital letter prif lythyren
comma coma
exclamation mark ebychnod
full stop atalnod llawn
question mark marc cwestiwn/gofynnod
quotation marks dyfynodau
HARDWARECALEDWEDD
central processing unit uned brosesu ganolog
keyboard bysellfwrdd
mouse llygoden
SOFTWAREMEDDALWEDD
database cronfa ddata
desktop publishing cyhoeddi bwrdd gwaith
presentation cyflwyniad
spreadsheet taenlen
word processor prosesydd geiriau
PUNCTUATIONATALNODI
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25Termiadur / Terminology Book24 Termiadur / Terminology Book
article erthygl
dialogue deialog
diary dyddiadur
e-mail e-bost
factsheet/leaflet pamffled/taflen wybodaeth
formal letter llythyr ffurfiol
newspaper report adroddiad papur newydd
personal letter llythyr personol
portrait portread
report adroddiad
soliloquy/monologue ymson
speech araith
story stori
verse/verses pennill/ penillion
contrast cyferbyniad
description disgrifiad
discussion trafod
explanation esbonio
fact ffaith
form ffurf
headline pennawd
humour hiwmor
instructive cyfarwyddiadol
line llinell
metaphor trosiad
narrative naratif
opinion barn
originality gwreiddioldeb
personification personoliad
persuasion perswâd
repetition ailadrodd
rhetorical question cwestiwn rhethregol
simile cymhariaeth/cyffelybiaeth
subtitle is-deitl alliteration cyflythreniad
atmosphere awyrgylch
audience cynulleidfa
climax uchafbwynt
columns colofnau
WRITING FORMSFFURFIAU YSGRIFENNU
TERMS RELATING TO STYLETERMAU ARDDULL
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27Termiadur / Terminology Book26 Termiadur / Terminology Book
author awdur
authors awduron
ballad baled
couplet cwpled
* canu caeth
* canu penrhydd
* canu rhydd
* cywydd
* englyn
lyric telyneg
poem cerdd
poems cerddi
poet bardd
poets beirdd
rhyme odl
sonnet soned
verse pennill
verses penillion
*Termau yn Gymraeg yn unig / Terms in Welsh only
** Termau yn Saesneg yn unig / Terms in English only
POETRYBARDDONIAETH
ellipsis **
haiku **
onomatopoeia **
rule of 3/tripling **
superlative **
ENGLISH LANGUAUGE AND LITERATURESAESNEG IAITH A LLENYDDIAETH
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29Termiadur / Terminology Book28 Termiadur / Terminology Book
** Termau yn Saesneg yn unig / Terms in English only
cube number rhif ciwb
decimal degolyn
even number eilrif
factor ffactor
fraction ffracsiwn
multiple lluosrif
negative number rhif negatif/rhif negyddol
odd number odrif
percentage canran
prime number rhif cysefin
square number rhif sgwâr
to add adio
to divide rhannu
to estimate amcangyfrif
to multiply lluosi
to round talgrynnu
coordinates cyfesurynnau
equation hafaliad
formula fformiwla
graph graff
sequence dilyniant
solution datrysiad
to simplify symleiddio
to solve datrys
to substitute amnewid
trial and improvement cynnig a gwella
average cyfartaledd
bar graph siart bar
certain sicr
fair chance siawns teg
frequency diagram diagram amlder
frequency polygon polygon amlder
impossible amhosibl
likely tebygol
mean cymedr
median canolrif
MATHEMATICSMATHEMATEG
NUMBERRHIF
ALGEBRAALGEBRA
DATADATA
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31Termiadur / Terminology Book30 Termiadur / Terminology Book
pictogram pictogram
pie chart siart gylch
probability tebygolrwydd
range amrediad
scatter graph diagram gwasgariad
unlikely annhebygol
right angle ongl sgwâr
rhombus rhombws
rotational symmetry cymesuredd cylchdro
scalene triangle triongl anghyfochrog
square sgwâr
trapezium trapesiwm
volume cyfaint
acute angle ongl lem
angle ongl
area arwynebedd
bearing cyfeiriant
degree gradd
direction cyfeiriad
drawing to scale llunio wrth raddfa
equilateral triangle triongl hafalochrog
isosceles triangle triongl isosgeles
kite barcud
obtuse angle ongl aflem
parallelogram paralelogram
perimeter perimedr
rectangle petryal
reflective symmetry cymesuredd adlewyrchiad
reflex angle ongl atblyg
SHAPESIÂP
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33Termiadur / Terminology Book32 Termiadur / Terminology Book
accompaniment cyfeiliant
alto alto
arpeggio arpeggio
auxiliary note nodyn tonnog
bar bar
baroque baroc
bass bas
bass clef cleff y bas
beat curiad
binary form ffurf ddwyran
brass prês
call and response galw ac ateb
cerdd dant cerdd dant
choir côr
chord cord
chord progression dilyniant cordiau
chorus cytgan
chromatic cromatig
classical clasurol
clef cleff
coda coda
compound time amseriad cyfansawdd
concerto consierto
countermelody cyfalaw
crotchet crosiet
dominant llywydd
drone drôn
duration parhad
dynamics deinameg
flat fflat/meddalnod
glissando glissando
graphic score sgôr graffig
ground bass grwndfas
harmony harmoni
improvise improfeiddio/byrfyfyrio
key cywair
key signature arwydd cywair
legato legato
major mwyaf
melody alaw
metre mydr
minim minim
minor lleiaf
motive/motif motif
natural nodyn naturiol
MUSICCERDDORIAETH
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35Termiadur / Terminology Book34 Termiadur / Terminology Book
octave wythfed
orchestra cerddorfa
ostinato ostinato
passing note nodyn camu
pentatonic pentatonig
percussion offerynnau taro
phrase brawddeg
pitch traw
pizzicato pizzicato
pulse curiad
quaver cwafer
rhythm rhythm
romantic rhamantaidd
rondo rondo
round tôn gron
scale graddfa
score sgôr
semibreve hanner brif
semiquaver hanner cwafer
semitone hanner tôn
sequence dilyniant
sharp siarp/llonnod
simple time amseriad syml
soprano soprano
staccato stacato
staff erwydd
strings llinynnau
symphony symffoni
syncopation trawsacennu
tempo tempo
tenor tenor
ternary form (aba) ffurf deiran
texture gwead
the blues melangan/y blŵs
the renaissance y dadeni
timbre ansawdd
time signature arwydd amser
tone tôn
tonic tonydd
treble clef cleff y trebl
triad triad
unison unsain
variation amrywiad
woodwind chwythbrennau
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37Termiadur / Terminology Book36 Termiadur / Terminology Book
PHYSICAL EDUCATIONADDYSG GORFFOROL
circuit cylchdaith
cross country trawsgwlad
defence amddiffyn
discus disgen
equipment offer
field competitions cystadlaethau maes
forward blaenwr
fullback cefnwr
javelin gwaywffon/picell
penalty kick cic gosb
position safle
relay race ras gyfnewid
shot put pwysau
skill sgil
space gwagle/gofod
to attack ymosod
to sprint gwibio
to stretch ymestyn
to strike ergydio
to time amseru
to warm up ymdwymo
track competitions cystadlaethau trac
triple jump naid driphlyg
wing asgell
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PSYCHOLOGYSEICOLEG
approach ymagwedd
assumption tybiaeth
behaviourist ymddygiadol
biological biolegol
cognitive gwybyddol
determinism penderfyniaeth
evaluation gwerthusiad
free will ewyllys rydd
genes genynnau
holistic cyfannol
idiographic idiograffig
medical model model meddygol
nativist cynhenidydd
nature natur
nomothetic nomothetig
nurture magwraeth
physiological ffisiolegol
positive positif
psychodynamic seicodynamig
reductionism lleihadaeth
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41Termiadur / Terminology Book40 Termiadur / Terminology Book
RELIGIOUS STUDIESADDYSG GREFYDDOL
altar allor
baptism/christening bedydd
Bible y Beibl
blessing bendith
Buddhism Bwdhaeth
cathedral eglwys gadeiriol
chapel capel
chapter pennod
charity elusen
Christianity Cristnogaeth
Christmas y Nadolig
congregation cynulleidfa
creator creawdwr
faith ffydd
festivals gwyliau
frankincense thus
God Duw
gold aur
Good Friday dydd Gwener y Groglith
Hinduism Hindwaeth
holy communion y cymun bendigaid
hymn emyn
Islam Islam/Mwslemiaeth
Judaism Iddewiaeth
lectern/reading desk darllenfa
lent y grawys
lord arglwydd
mass offeren
member aelod
minister gweinidog
miracle gwyrth
monk mynach
mosque mosg
myrrh myrr
parable dameg
pilgrimage pererindod
preacher pregethwr
priest offeiriad
prophet proffwyd
religion crefydd
ritual defod
scroll sgrol
sermon pregeth
sign/symbol arwydd
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Sikhism Sikhiaeth
the advent yr adfent
the crucifixion y croeshoeliad
the lord’s supper swper yr arglwydd
the resurrection yr atgyfodiad
to celebrate dathlu
to fast ymprydio
to pray gweddїo to preach pregethu
to worship addoli
verse adnod
SCIENCEGWYDDONIAETH
conclusion casgliad
dependent dibynnol
explain egluro
fair test prawf teg
graph graff
independent annibynnol
input mewnbwn
interpret dadansoddi
linear llinol
output allbwn
predict rhagdybio
record cofnodi
reflect myfyrio
relationship perthynas
value gwerth
variable newidyn
INVESTIGATION VOCABULARY GEIRFA YMCHWILIAD
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BIOLOGYBYWYDEG
amphibian amffibiad
birds adar
blood gwaed
bone asgwrn
carbohydrate carbohydrad
cell membrane cell bilen
cell wall cell fur
chlorophyll cloroffyl
chloroplast cloroplast
cytoplasm cytoplasm
digestion treuliad
environment amgylchedd
excretion ysgarthiad
fat braster
fibre ffibr
fish pysgod
heart calon
indigestion camdreuliad
intestine coluddyn
kidney aren
life circle cylchred bywyd
liver afu/iau
lungs ysgyfaint
mammals mamolion
microscope microsgop
muscle cyhyr
nucleus cnewyllyn
nutrition maethiad
oesophagus llwnc / oesoffagws / pibell fwyd
photosynthesis ffotosynthesis
protein protein
recycle ailgylchu
reproduce atgenhedlu
reptiles ymlusgiaid
respiration resbiradaeth
rib asen
root gwraidd
skull penglog
stem coesyn
stomach ‘stumog
to breathe anadlu
vacuole gwagolyn
virus firws
vitamins fitaminau
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47Termiadur / Terminology Book46 Termiadur / Terminology Book
CHEMISTRYCEMEG
acid asid
attract atynnu
beaker bicer
boiling point berwbwynt
chromatography cromatograffaeth
compound cyfansoddyn
compress cywasgu
condense cyddwyso
conical flask fflasg gonigol
container cynhwysydd
contract cyfangu
crystal(s) crisial(au)
density dwysedd
diffusion trylediad
distillation distyllu
dye lliwur
element elfen
evaporate anweddu
evaporating dish dysgl anweddu
expand ehangu
filter/filtration hidlo
forceps gefel/gefeilau
freeze rhewi
funnel twmffat
gas nwy
gauze rhwyllen
liquid hylif
measuring cylinder silindr mesur
melt ymdoddi
melting point ymdoddbwynt
metal metel
molecule moleciwl
neutral niwtral
neutralisation niwtraliad
particle(s) gronyn(nau)
periodic table tabl cyfnodol
product(s) cynnyrch/cynhyrchion
properties priodweddau
reactant(s) adweithydd(ion)
reaction adwaith
safety spectacles sbectol ddiogelwch
saturated solution hydoddiant dirlawn
solubility hydoddedd
soluble hydawdd
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49Termiadur / Terminology Book48 Termiadur / Terminology Book
solute hydoddyn
solution hydoddiant
solvent hydoddydd
sublimation sychdarthiad
substances sylweddau
sustainable cynaliadwy
test tube tiwb profi
tripod trybedd
vapour anwedd
volume cyfaint
degree gradd
drag llusgiad
elastic elastig
electrical trydanol
extension estyniad
float arnofio
friction ffrithiant
fuel tanwydd
gravity disgyrchiant
heat gwres
insulation ynysiad
insulator/lagging ynysydd
kinetic (movement) cinetig (symudiad)
light golau
load llwyth
magnetic magnetig
motion mudiant
nuclear niwclear
potential potensial
pressure gwasgedd
resources adnoddau
resultant force grym cydeffaith
sinking suddo
acceleration cyflymiad
air resistance gwrthiant aer
area arwynebedd
atomic atomig
balanced cytbwys
balanced forces grymoedd cytbwys
biomass biomas
chemical cemegol
compression cywasgiad
conservation of energy cadwraeth egni
convert trawsnewid
PHYSICSFFISEG
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51Termiadur / Terminology Book50 Termiadur / Terminology Book
speed buanedd
spring balance clorian sbring
streamline llilin
surface arwyneb
temperature tymheredd
tension tyniant
thermometer thermomedr
unbalanced forces grymoedd anghytbwys
up thrust brigwth
velocity cyflymder
weight pwysau
agency of socialisation cyfryngau cymdeithasoli
control rheolaeth
cultural transmission trosglwyddo diwylliant
culture and cultural diversity diwylliant a gwahaniaethu diwylliannol
identity adnabyddiaeth
norms and values normau a gwerthoedd
roles rolau
sanction sancsiynau
social change newid cymdeithasol
social inequality anghyfartaledd cymdeithasol
social structure strwythurau cymdeithasol
socialisation cymdeithasoli
status statws
sub-culture is-ddiwylliant
SOCIOLOGYCYMDEITHASEG
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53Termiadur / Terminology Book52 Termiadur / Terminology Book
DEWIS Y DULL GORAU I DDYSGU SILLAFU:
Os mai drwy weld pethau yr ydychyn dysgu orau: Os mai drwy wneud pethau yr ydych yn dysgu orau:
Edrychwch ar y gair; dywedwch y gair ar lafar, ganynganu’r holl seiniau.
Edrychwch ar y gair; ‘ysgrifennwch’ y gair gyda’chmynegfys; dywedwch y llythrennau.
Caewch eich llygaid a’i ddychmygu. Rhowch flwch o gwmpas y gair sy’n dilyn siapiau’rllythrennau; sylwch o beth mae’r llun yn eich atgoffa.
Agorwch eich llygaid ac ysgrifennwch y gair. Ysgrifennwch y gair gyda hufen eillio, halen mewnbocs, paent bysedd, pwdin, ac ati.
Gwiriwch ei fod yn gywir; ysgrifennwch y gair eto. Dyrnwch y llythrennau yn yr awyr;dywedwch bob llythyren gyda phob dyrnod.
Edrychwch i fyny i’r chwith a dychmygwch y gair mewnlliw llachar.
Canwch, actiwch neu ddawnsiwch y gair y (yn eich pen).
Cuddiwch eich sampl ysgrifenedig;ysgrifennwch y gair eto; gwiriwch ei fod yn gywir.
Defnyddiwch lythrennau papur tywod i atgyfnerthu’rteimlad o gyffwrdd a dysgu; gwnewch siâp y geiriau
gyda’ch mynegfys wrth ddweud y geiriau ar lafar.
Cuddiwch y sampl; ysgrifennwch y gair eto ganddefnyddio pen neu bensil lliw llachar; gwiriwch.
Ysgrifennwch y gair yn yr awyr;ysgrifennwch y gair ar bapur a gwiriwch ei fod yn gywir.
Ailadroddwch y camau hyn gyda phob gair arall. Cuddiwch eich sampl ysgrifenedig; ysgrifennwch y gair eto; gwiriwch ei fod yn gywir.
Ysgrifennwch bob gair sawl gwaith; gwiriwch bob tro. Ailadroddwch y camau hyn gyda phob gair arall.
Os nad ydych yn siŵr sut i sillafu gair, ysgrifennwch ygair ac edrychwch i weld os yw’n edrych yn iawn – ‘rhoi
Ysgrifennwch bob gair sawl gwaith;gwiriwch bob tro.
Os mai trwy glywed yr ydych yn dysgu orau: Os ydych yn dysgu ym mhob un o’r tair ffordd:
Dywedwch y gair, gan sicrhau eich bod yn ei ynganu’ngywir.
Defnyddiwch strategaethau o’r tri blwch arall.Cyfuniadau a awgrymir:
Seiniwch y gair, gan ddweud bob llythyren neugymysgedd hyd yn oed pan fydd hyn yn swnio’n wirion, Edrychwch ar y gair; ynganwch yr holl seiniau.
Sillafwch y gair ar lafar; ysgrifennwch y gair wrth i chiei sillafu ar lafar. Dychmygwch y gair gyda’ch llygaid ar gau.
Gwiriwch ei fod yn gywir; ysgrifennwch y gair eto;gwiriwch.
Ysgrifennwch y llythrennau gyda’ch bys; gwnewcheiriau papur tywod os oes angen.
Canwch y llythrennau i dôn cân neu rigwm rydych yn eigwybod. Rhowch flwch o gwmpas y gair.
Mynegwch bob llythyren yn eglur neugymysgwch nhw’n araf. Canwch, actiwch neu ddawnsiwch y gair.
Ailadroddwch y camau hyn gyda phob gair arall. Ysgrifennwch y gair gyda’ch bysedd ar gefn partner.
Ysgrifennwch bob gair sawl gwaith;gwiriwch bob tro.
Ysgrifennwch mewn sialc neu farcwyr lliw; cyfryngau eraill.
CHOOSING THE BEST WAY TO LEARN TO SPELL:
If you learn best by SEEING things: Os mai drwy wneud pethau yr ydych yn dysgu orau:
Look at the word; say it aloud, pronouncing all thesounds, even those that are normally silent.
Look at the word; trace it with your index finger; saythe letters.
Close your eyes and see it. Draw a box around the word that follows the lettershapes; notice what the drawing reminds you of.
Open your eyes and write the word. Write the word in shaving cream, salt in a box, fingerpaint, pudding, etc.
Check for accuracy; write again. Punch out the letters in the air; say each letter witheach punch.
Look up to the left and see the word in a bright colour. Sing, act, or dance the word (in your mind is okay).
Hide your written sample; write again; check foraccuracy.
Use sandpaper letters; trace words with your indexfinger while saying the letters aloud.
Hide sample; write again using a different bright colourpen or pencil; check.
Write the word in the air; write it on paper and checkaccuracy.
Repeat these steps with all other words. Hide your written sample; write again;check for accuracy
Write each word several times; check each time. Repeat these steps with all other words.
If unsure of a word, write it down and see if it looksright – as in a ‘have a go’ pad. Write each word several times; check each time.
If you learn best by hearing things: If you learn best by doing things:
Say the word, making sure you pronounce it correctly. Look at the word; pronounce all sounds.
Sound it out, saying each letter or blend even whenthis sounds ridiculous, e.g. immediately –
i/m/med/I/at/el/y.Visualise it with your eyes closed.
Spell it aloud; write it as you spell it aloud. Trace the letters with your finger; make sandpaperwords if needed.
Check for accuracy; write again; check. Draw a box around the word.
Sing the letters to the tune of a song or jingle youknow. Sing, act, or dance the word.
Pronounce each letter clearly or blend slowly Write the word with your fingers on apartner’s back.
Repeat these steps with all other words. Write in coloured chalk or markers, or other media.
Write each word several times; check each time. Repeat these steps with all other words.
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55Termiadur / Terminology Book54 Termiadur / Terminology Book
RHEOLAU SILLAFU CYFFREDIN:
Rheolau sillafu sylfaenol
Rheolau sillafu yn y GymraegEr bod y Gymraeg yn iaith ffonetig, hynny yw, rydym yn sillafu geiriau fel yrynganwn nhw, mae rhai trafferthion yn codi wrth sillafu rhai geiriau amwahanol resymau. Byddai’n fuddiol, felly, i roi sylw i rai o’r elfennau canlynolwrth ddysgu a chywiro sillafu yng ngwaith dysgwyr, er enghraifft:
1. Gwahaniaethu rhwng geiriau sy’n cynnwys y llafariaid y/u/iYn aml mae sŵn y llafariaid hyn yn debyg iawn, a rhaid dysgu’r gwahaniaethrhyngddyn nhw, e.e. ‘fyny’, ‘rhywun’, ‘canu’, ‘ci’, ‘gwely’, ‘tŷ ’, ‘gweiddi’.
2. Gwahaniaethu rhwng ‘f’ ac ‘ff’Oherwydd dylanwad y Saesneg, yn aml bydd dysgwyr yn defnyddio un ‘f’ wrthysgrifennu rhai geiriau lle mae angen dwy, e.e. ‘fair/ffair, ‘Fion/Ffion’. Yn yr unmodd, gwahaniaethu rhwng ‘dd’ ac ‘th’.
3. Enwau unigol a lluosogMae sawl ffordd o ffurfio’r lluosog yn y Gymraeg:• Newid llafariad, e.e. llygad > llygaid.• Ychwanegu terfyniad, e.e. afal > afalau; esgid > esgidiau; cerdd > cerddi.
merch > merched; cath > cathod; creadur > creaduriaid.• Newid llafariad + ychwanegu terfyniad, e.e. mab > meibion.• Colli terfyniad unigol, e.e. mochyn > moch.• Newid llafariad + colli terfyniad unigol, e.e. deilen > dail.• Rhoi terfyniad lluosog yn lle terfyniad unigol, e.e. cerdyn > cardiau.
Mae rhai enwau gyda’r lluosog yn afreolaidd, e.e. llaw > dwylo; ac enwau efomwy nag un lluosog, e.e. sant > seintiau/saint; llythyr > llythyrau/llythyron. Mae rhai enwau efo dau luosog gydag ystyron gwahanol, e.e. pwys > pwysi/pwysau,pryd > prydau/prydiau.
COMMON SPELLING RULES:
Basic spelling rulesie/ei rule: the following rhyme works for most words, apart from a few such as ‘weird’and ‘seize’: ‘i before e except after c or when sounded like a as in neighbour and weigh’
Forming plurals (more than one)
• Most words just add ‘s’, e.g. ‘things’.• Words ending in ‘sh’, ‘ch’, ‘ss’, ‘s’, ‘x’ or ‘z’ add ‘es’, e.g. ‘churches’.• Words ending in ‘o’ generally just add ‘s’, e.g. ‘banjos’, ‘cellos’, but there are
exceptions which take ‘es’. These are: ‘tomatoes’, ‘potatoes’, ‘heroes’, ‘buffaloes’,‘dominoes’, ‘torpedoes’, ‘vetoes’, ‘volcanoes’, ‘cargoes’, ‘haloes’, ‘mangoes’,‘flamingoes’.
• Words ending in a consonant followed by ‘y’, change the ‘y’ to an ‘i’ and add ‘es’, e.g.‘hobbies’.
• Words ending in a vowel followed by a ‘y’ just add ‘s’, e.g. ‘monkeys’, ‘days’, ‘boys’.• Words ending in ‘is’ change the ‘is’ to ‘es’, e.g. ‘analyses’, ‘oases’.• Words ending in ‘f’ change the ‘f’ to a ‘v’ and add ‘es’, e.g. ‘calves’, ‘thieves’, but there
are exceptions including ‘roofs’, ‘briefs’, ‘chiefs’ and ‘beliefs’ (noun).• Words ending in ‘fe’ change the ‘fe’ to ‘ve’ and add ‘s’, e.g. ‘knives’, ‘believes’ (verb),
curves.• Words that retain the plural spelling of the original language, e.g. ‘antennae’,‘formulae’, ‘bacteria’, ‘criteria’, ‘fungi’, ‘phenomena’, ‘macaroni’, ‘ravioli’, ‘spaghetti’,‘strata’ (there used to be more but usage has changed and, for the majority of people,the ‘normal’ rules now apply to words such as ‘forums’).
• A few words are completely irregular, e.g. ‘men’, ‘women’, ‘children’, ‘geese’, ‘sheep’,‘mice’, ‘teeth’, ‘dice’. These have to be learned.
Adding suffixes that begin with a vowel such as ‘ing’, ‘ed’, ‘ion’ or ‘able’• Words with a short vowel and ending in a consonant, double the consonant before
adding ‘ing’ or ‘ed’, e.g. ‘hopping’,’ hopped’.• Words ending in ‘e’ (magic ‘e’) with a long vowel lose the ‘e’ and add ‘ing’ or ‘ed’ or
any other suffix beginning with a vowel, e.g. ‘deciding’, ‘decided’, ‘hoping’, ‘hoped’,‘evaluation’, ‘substitution’, ‘dilutable’.
• The final ‘e’ is kept in a few cases: to maintain the identity of the root word, e.g.‘shoeing’; to distinguish it from another word with a different meaning, e.g.‘dyeing’/‘dying’; to keep a ‘c’ or ‘g’ soft, e.g. ‘noticeable’.
Adding suffixes that begin with a consonant such as ‘ment’, ‘less’, ‘ly’ and ‘ful’
• Words ending in ‘e’ keep the ‘e’ before adding a suffix beginning with a consonant,e.g. ‘settlement’, ‘agreement’, ‘battleship’, ‘hopeless’, ‘hopeful’, ‘lovely’.
• Words ending in ‘y’ change the ‘y’ to ‘i’ before adding ‘ful’, e.g. ‘beautiful’, ‘plentiful’.• ‘Full’, ‘all’ and ‘till’ drop one ‘l’ when they are attached to other words, e.g. ‘until’,‘always’, ‘careful’.
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FY NGHYWIRIADAU PERSONOL/ MY PERSONAL CORRECTIONS:
GAIR / Word: Rheol neu cymorth cofio/Rule or spelling
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