ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE SHIP RECYCLING OF THE SHIP RECYCLING

INDUSTRY IN TURKEYINDUSTRY IN TURKEY

Ship Recycling Technology and Knowledge Transfer WorkshopShip Recycling Technology and Knowledge Transfer WorkshopÜlkü Füsun ERTÜRK Ülkü Füsun ERTÜRK

Chemical EngineerChemical Engineer

Ministry of Environment and ForestryMinistry of Environment and Forestry

14-16 July 2010, İZMİR14-16 July 2010, İZMİR

CONTENTCONTENT

• Regulations on the waste management in Regulations on the waste management in TurkeyTurkey

• Current Status on hazardous waste Current Status on hazardous waste management in Turkeymanagement in Turkey

• Basel Convention/By-law on the Control of Basel Convention/By-law on the Control of Hazardous WasteHazardous Waste

• Aliağa Ship Dismantling RegionAliağa Ship Dismantling Region• Backround of PermittingBackround of Permitting• The conditions of permittingThe conditions of permitting

REGULATION ON THE WASTE MANAGEMENTREGULATION ON THE WASTE MANAGEMENT

THE CURRENT SITUATION OF WASTE

MANAGEMENT IN TURKEY

Current Management Applications

Municipal Waste

Packaging Waste

Hazardous Waste

Special Waste

İZAYDAŞ 1 unit of landfill site for hazardous wastes (Total Capacity:160.000 tone/year)

ERDEMİR (Landfill) (Capacity: 6.084 tone/year)

İSKEN (Landfill) (Capacity: 11.000 tone/year

* * 181 Recovery Facilities 181 Recovery Facilities TOTALTOTALCapacity of Capacity of 2,262,008 Tonnes/year2,262,008 Tonnes/year

Hazardous Waste Landfill and Recovery Facilities

CURRENT STATUS

Hazardous Waste Disposal Facilitieswaste incineration plants

Co-incineration Facilities

29 cement facilities have been licensed. Capacity 500.000 tonnes/year

CURRENT STATUS

Tesis Adı İl Kapasite (ton/yıl)

İZAYDAŞ Kocaeli 35.000

PETKİM İzmir 17.500

TÜPRAŞ Kocaeli 7.750

TOPLAM 60.250

FacilityFacility ProvinceProvince

Design Design Capacity Capacity

(tons/year(tons/year))

Hazardous Waste Disposal Facilities

As of 200As of 20099, The capacity of these facilities is , The capacity of these facilities is notnot meeting meeting the needs of industry. Apart from these, there is also a pilot the needs of industry. Apart from these, there is also a pilot scale facility licensed to recycle hazardous waste by scale facility licensed to recycle hazardous waste by gasification at Kemerburgaz, Istanbul, which is capable of gasification at Kemerburgaz, Istanbul, which is capable of handling 29,000 tons of waste per year. handling 29,000 tons of waste per year.

Moreover, Moreover, there are 3 integrated facilities ( Egean, Inner there are 3 integrated facilities ( Egean, Inner Anatolia, Marmara Regions) those constructions are on Anatolia, Marmara Regions) those constructions are on going.going.

Ship Recycling -Ship Recycling -International International agendaagenda

Main agents since lateMain agents since late

1990s1990s

• UNUN

1.1. IMOIMO

2.2. ILOILO

3.3. UNEPUNEP

• NGOsNGOs

Guidelines developedGuidelines developed

Key IssuesKey Issues

1. Basel Convention1. Basel Convention• “ “ Equivalent level of controlEquivalent level of control-Environmentally Sound Management-Environmentally Sound Management-Prior Inform (Written) Consent-Prior Inform (Written) Consent• Interim MeasuresInterim Measures2. International Maritime Organization (IMO)2. International Maritime Organization (IMO)- Safe shippingSafe shipping- Practical mechanizm, reporting systemPractical mechanizm, reporting system3. International Labour Organization (ILO)3. International Labour Organization (ILO)- Workers health and safetyWorkers health and safety- Training, protective measures, managementTraining, protective measures, management

Objectives for Waste Objectives for Waste Management Control in Management Control in National LegislationNational Legislation• Protect the environment and human health Protect the environment and human health

from potential adverse consequences of from potential adverse consequences of waste management activitieswaste management activities

• Prevent long term problems from arisingPrevent long term problems from arising

• Provide reassurance to the public and others Provide reassurance to the public and others that waste is being managed properlythat waste is being managed properly

• Ensure sustainable management of wastes Ensure sustainable management of wastes by compliance with environmental lawsby compliance with environmental laws

ESM in practice- Standarts ESM in practice- Standarts and national Legislation and national Legislation• Basel Convention (ratified in 1994)Basel Convention (ratified in 1994)• Environmental Law (dated 1983 Numbered 2872)Environmental Law (dated 1983 Numbered 2872)• By-law By-law oon the Control of Hazardous Waste ( 2005)n the Control of Hazardous Waste ( 2005)- Environmental criteria that identify the expected - Environmental criteria that identify the expected

level of environmental protectionlevel of environmental protection- Environmental and technical standards compatible - Environmental and technical standards compatible

with EU related standardswith EU related standards- Monitoring and inspection issues (record keeping Monitoring and inspection issues (record keeping

etc.)etc.)

BASEL CONVENTIONBASEL CONVENTION

Turkey has been a party to Basel Convention since Turkey has been a party to Basel Convention since 1994.1994.A Control System based on prior written A Control System based on prior written nnotification otification was put into place. was put into place. •TTransboundary movements of hazardous waste or ransboundary movements of hazardous waste or other waste can take place only upon prior written other waste can take place only upon prior written notification by the State of export to the competent notification by the State of export to the competent authorities of the States of import and transit. authorities of the States of import and transit.

•Each shipment of hazardous waste or other waste Each shipment of hazardous waste or other waste must be accompanied by a movement document must be accompanied by a movement document from the point at which a transboundary movement from the point at which a transboundary movement begins to the point of disposal. begins to the point of disposal.

By Law on the Control of By Law on the Control of Hazardous Waste Hazardous Waste

By-law on the Control of Hazardous Waste (CHW) By-law on the Control of Hazardous Waste (CHW) entered into force on 14 March, 2005entered into force on 14 March, 2005..

• Provides the regulation of waste management Provides the regulation of waste management activies at domestic levelactivies at domestic level

• Includes requirements for import and export of wasteIncludes requirements for import and export of waste• Site specific permits ( license) issued with detailed Site specific permits ( license) issued with detailed

conditions for site operation on prevention of conditions for site operation on prevention of pollution by limits of emissions to air, water and land.pollution by limits of emissions to air, water and land.

• Penalties for failure to comply Penalties for failure to comply

BY-LAW ON CHW (CONT’D)BY-LAW ON CHW (CONT’D)Article 42 of HWCArticle 42 of HWC

Contains provisions related to Contains provisions related to export of waste fromexport of waste from T Turkeyurkey

AArticle 43 of HWCrticle 43 of HWC

Contains provisions related to how to use the NContains provisions related to how to use the Nototiiffiicatcatiion on FFormorm

Article 45Article 45

Regulates procedures and principles for international transportation Regulates procedures and principles for international transportation of wasteof waste

Article 46 Article 46

Set rules regarding GSet rules regarding General Noteneral Notiiffiicatcatiion for one yearon for one year

Article 47 Article 47

Defines iDefines illegal traffllegal traffiicc and the and the oblobliigatgatiion of takon of takinging waste waste backback

PRINCIPLES INTO PRACTICE- POLICY OF PRINCIPLES INTO PRACTICE- POLICY OF TURKEY FOR SHIP RCYCLINGTURKEY FOR SHIP RCYCLING

• Turkey MoEF interest driven by;Turkey MoEF interest driven by;

• Import of vessel named Sea Beirut in Import of vessel named Sea Beirut in 20022002

• Increasing demand for importation of Increasing demand for importation of vessels over 25 ages ( IMO)vessels over 25 ages ( IMO)

• Discussions at Basel Convention and Discussions at Basel Convention and IMO on ESM dismantling of vessels.IMO on ESM dismantling of vessels.

Aliağa Ship Dismantling Aliağa Ship Dismantling RegionRegion

The ship dismantling The ship dismantling facilities in Aliağa-İzmir is facilities in Aliağa-İzmir is the only ship dismantling the only ship dismantling area which the Ministry of area which the Ministry of Development and Housing Development and Housing approves on 21.10.1974 approves on 21.10.1974 separeted excluding separeted excluding agricultural aims with agricultural aims with Cabinet Decree No: 7/8951 Cabinet Decree No: 7/8951 dated 07.10.1974dated 07.10.1974

Back round of permittingBack round of permittingMinistry of Environment and Forestry prepared a quide for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry prepared a quide for the facilities in Aliağa “ The Basel Convention Technical Guidelines facilities in Aliağa “ The Basel Convention Technical Guidelines for the Environmentally Sound Management of the Full and for the Environmentally Sound Management of the Full and Partial Dismantling of Ships” by taking as a base.Partial Dismantling of Ships” by taking as a base.

On behalf of facilities in Aliağa, Turkish Shipbreakers On behalf of facilities in Aliağa, Turkish Shipbreakers Association has prepared “Action Plan” according to this Association has prepared “Action Plan” according to this Guideline . Guideline .

This plan was agreed by MoEF. This plan was agreed by MoEF.

In this plan Time Schedule is given related to existing or In this plan Time Schedule is given related to existing or future studies for waste management.future studies for waste management.

Infrastructure studies for dismantling of ship containing Infrastructure studies for dismantling of ship containing asbestos and training course to staff for required asbestos and training course to staff for required equipment are completed. equipment are completed.

Ship Dismantling Permits have been given to the facilities firstly Ship Dismantling Permits have been given to the facilities firstly in 2004 and then according to the revisions they are extended .in 2004 and then according to the revisions they are extended . MoEF issued Ship Dismantling Permission for completed facilities MoEF issued Ship Dismantling Permission for completed facilities which is valid for 3 years under certain circumstances.which is valid for 3 years under certain circumstances.

Certain Criteria of permittingCertain Criteria of permitting

For each ship which comes for dismantling, notification procedure has to be applied For each ship which comes for dismantling, notification procedure has to be applied including inventory of Wastes contain hazard (asbestos, PCB, etc )and including inventory of Wastes contain hazard (asbestos, PCB, etc )and processes can only made after the approval of Ministry of Environment and processes can only made after the approval of Ministry of Environment and Forestry.Forestry.

• The notification form and the Ship Recycling PlanThe notification form and the Ship Recycling Plan

• Inventory proceedingsInventory proceedings

• If the asbestos waste arising from dismantling ship should not be disposed in If the asbestos waste arising from dismantling ship should not be disposed in licensed disposal facility in Turkey, it has to be provided that it will be send licensed disposal facility in Turkey, it has to be provided that it will be send abroad for disposal,abroad for disposal,

• Waste oil and bilge wastes, has to be stored temporary in tanks which have a Waste oil and bilge wastes, has to be stored temporary in tanks which have a security pool and prepared according the related By-law, other hazardous security pool and prepared according the related By-law, other hazardous wastes have to be stored in appropriate containers or base resistant closed wastes have to be stored in appropriate containers or base resistant closed areas, an inventory report has to be prepared by the Association of Ship areas, an inventory report has to be prepared by the Association of Ship Recycling.Recycling.

• ““National Waste Transportation Forms for all hazardous and licensed vehicles National Waste Transportation Forms for all hazardous and licensed vehicles

• licensed recyling/disposal facilities.licensed recyling/disposal facilities.

Certain circumstances of Certain circumstances of permittingpermitting

• Documentations for each ship dismantling activity has to be Documentations for each ship dismantling activity has to be prepared by the company and the Association of Ship Recycling. An prepared by the company and the Association of Ship Recycling. An inventory report has to be in the Waste Register Book of the recycled inventory report has to be in the Waste Register Book of the recycled ships. The waste purchase bill and the inventory report which has to ships. The waste purchase bill and the inventory report which has to be delivered to the Associations of Ship Recycling, could be watched be delivered to the Associations of Ship Recycling, could be watched through the inventory report. These documents have to be through the inventory report. These documents have to be submitted to Ministry of Environment and Forestry in three montly submitted to Ministry of Environment and Forestry in three montly periods.periods.

• Fire fighting equipments Fire fighting equipments

• BarriersBarriers• education in specified periods education in specified periods

• Dust Mask, working suit, working shoes, gloves, hard hats and other Dust Mask, working suit, working shoes, gloves, hard hats and other protecting equipments protecting equipments

• concreted areas preventing sea and soil pollution.concreted areas preventing sea and soil pollution.

• activities, the samples from 4 different points from sea water and activities, the samples from 4 different points from sea water and analyses (monthly)analyses (monthly)

Ship Recyclıng’ Association Waste Management Center

The Ship Recycling’ Association of Turkey has a license issued by the Ministry of  Environment and Forestry to remove and temporarily store a number of hazardous materials, including asbestos and PCBs

Companies

GROUND POLLUTION PREVENTION GROUND POLLUTION PREVENTION

OIL SPILLAGE BARRIER OIL SPILLAGE BARRIER OIL PADS-DRUMS AND EMERGENCY ACTION ROOMS OIL PADS-DRUMS AND EMERGENCY ACTION ROOMS

IMPORT STAGE OF SCRAP IMPORT STAGE OF SCRAP VESSELVESSEL

Scrap vessel

MoEF(İzmir Province

Directorate)

Harbour Master

PERMIT FOR IMPORT

Aliağa Customs Office

Dismantling of ship

Hazardous waste Product

AsbestosCable

Bilge oil

Batteries&accu

Licensed R/D Facilities

Report to MoEF

Other waste

Required documents by MoEF Required documents by MoEF at import stageat import stage• Hazmat InventoryHazmat Inventory• Radiation AnalysesRadiation Analyses• Notification DocumentNotification Document• Ship Recycling PlanShip Recycling Plan• Official Report which is prepared by Official Report which is prepared by

Province Directore for that shipProvince Directore for that ship• Gas-free Document(Oxygen content of Gas-free Document(Oxygen content of

the atmosphere and concentration of the atmosphere and concentration of flammable vapours)flammable vapours)

STUDIES ON ALİAĞA SHIP DISMANTLING REGIONSTUDIES ON ALİAĞA SHIP DISMANTLING REGIONAliağa Ship Dismantling Region has been inspected Aliağa Ship Dismantling Region has been inspected regularly by Ministry of Environment and Forestry, regularly by Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Undersecreteriat for Maritime Affairs, İzmir Undersecreteriat for Maritime Affairs, İzmir Province Directorate of Ministry of Environment Province Directorate of Ministry of Environment and Forestry and İzmir Port Department since 2003and Forestry and İzmir Port Department since 2003

Policy of Turkey for vessels to Policy of Turkey for vessels to be dismanedbe dismanedUntil The Hong Kong Convention come into Until The Hong Kong Convention come into

force;force;• For import of vesselsFor import of vessels

- Basel Convention, Waste Shipment - Basel Convention, Waste Shipment Regulation of EU (1013/2006/EC) and By- Regulation of EU (1013/2006/EC) and By- Law on Hazardous Waste Control appliesLaw on Hazardous Waste Control applies

• To improve the standards of facilitiesTo improve the standards of facilities- Both existing and future - Both existing and future Reccommendatory quidances of Basel and Reccommendatory quidances of Basel and IMO is used IMO is used

SummarySummary

For successful ESM of Ship Recycling and its For successful ESM of Ship Recycling and its waste management:waste management:

• Facilities to operate in ESM standardsFacilities to operate in ESM standards• Technology to be appropriate for waste Technology to be appropriate for waste

disposaldisposal• Good quality data and management Good quality data and management

systems in placesystems in place• Effective communication between industry Effective communication between industry

and Governmentand Government• Sharing of best practice informationSharing of best practice information

Thank you Thank you ffor your attentor your attentiionon