Environmental monitoring

strategy for geologic

nuclear waste repository

project (cigéo): Role of

ESB

C.Galy

1st July 2015

[DRD/GES/15-0199]

Cigéo project chronology

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Cigéo Project facilities

Slide F. Plas

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Andra R&D Facilities

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Carothèque

Storage of cores

from URL

(POSTER)

Long-term environmental observatory

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Environmental monitoring strategy

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

5 continuous water quality

monitoring stations

1 flux tower

3 biogeochemical forest

stations

1 atmospheric station

2 agricultural stations

Systematic central

observation point

Department border

Watercourse

OPE reference sector

OPE Zone (900 km2)

ZIRA

A multi-scale and multidisciplinary strategy

Systematic and distributed networks

Instrumented continuous stations

Integration in international and national networks

Satellite and aerial observations

Database coupled to GIS

A pluridisciplinary observation strategy

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Ope Environmental Specimen Bank

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

The objectives and missions of the Ecothèque are :

In the framework of Cigeo project :

To keep the memory of Environment and allow retrospective analysis from

Local food chain

Representative environmental samples (bioindicators)

Scientific samples from Ope observatory (project specific ex Agro-station

ICOS)

To involve and inform local stakeholders

Listening to local requests/ concerns

» numerous visits from representatives of local communities

Open access to learn about the ESB

» dedicated visitor center

To answer scientific community needs :

Provide samples for specific projects

May provide storage space for scientific or industrial projects

A building designed for purpose

2007 – 2012

Gathering of expertise

Design of the building

Design of the sampling

strategy

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

2012 2013

Dec 2013 : Move in

2014 : First sampling

campaing (test of the

infrastructure)

2015 : First year for Cigéo

reference state

Purpose built Building

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Plan of the scientific level

Dry storage (195 m2)

Cryogenic storage (400 m2)

Dry preparation

Cold preparation

Clean area : sas & ISO 4 cleanroom

Room for control and command

Technical area

Room for drying

Reserve of material

Cold room

POSTER : JP VERRON etAl.

The Andra’s ESB : An environmental specimen

bank for the Cigéo monitoring program

A purpose build Building

The sample strategy impacts the facility dimension!

Building size : Ecothèque is set to keep sample for a period of more

than 100 years

With current sampling plan today’s building is designed for at least

20 years of storage

Extra rooms are set aside for extensions on both sides

Data storage : Design of the data management system

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Representative Sample selection :

A step by step process

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Boar and roe deer

Fish

Eartworms

Cheese

Milk

Honey & pollen

Lichen &

bryophyta Mushrooms

Mirabelle plum

& Apple

Beech leaves Profiles &

Composites

Soils

Salad

Potatoes

Beans

Cereals

Oleaginous

Grass

Food

chain

Animal

Step one :

A selection of raw and processed samples representative of local production

or bioindicator of the chemical quality of the environment

Step two :

Continuous « Lesson learnt » process

Introduce new matrices? Which one, which frequency

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Milk Sampling

Milk : A local product

Agricultural activities are important in the OPE zone

Production of milk is present in the OPE reference sector but in decrease

Cheese, called “Brie de Meaux” is produced from the collected milk

OPE area is included within the area of Protected Designation of Origin

“Brie de Meaux”

A cheese diary is installed within the Ope reference sector

Milk is a matrix regularly watched and analyzed under regulatory

monitoring programs

Milk is part of the food chain

Milk Sampling

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Sampling plan

Locally produced milk is sampled

4 dairy farms are selected for their locations

1 dairy cheese

1 control dairy farm is also selected

Sampling frequency : currently 4 times/year

Creation of composite sample by dairy farm at the end of the year

Map of sampling plan

Potential area for the underground storage

of radioactive waste (Cigeo)

Dairy farms

Dairy farms witness

Dairy cheese

OPE reference sector

Potential area for the

installations of surface

4 ssamples per diary

farms and diary

cheese

(1 per term).

Optimisation of the cryomilling process :

example of milk

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Optimise of the cryomilling process

Optimise processing steps

Quantity processed

Number of cycles

Cycle time

Quality control of the process :

Check chemical integrity of the sample after sample preparation steps

Spiked samples analysed by Micropolluant tech

Treatment of milk samples(1)

Cryopreservation

in gaseous nitrogenTaking at dairy farm Cryomilling

First manual

milling

Packaging in glass

vials of 20 ml

POSTER : Justine Berlier et al.

Quality assessment of Cryomill process :

Example of milk

Summary and conclusions

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

The Ecotheque is :

A purposed built building

A project and A team

Collaborators and experts

Schedule

if authorised Cigéo will start digging in 2019….

Cigéo will run for 100 to 125 Years

« Ecothèque »

C. GALY

Head of Service

Scientific and technical manager of the OPE

S. CONIL

Climate

Atmosphere

Air quality

PO. REDON

Soils

Agricultural

practices

A. VILLENEUVE

Water quality

Biodiversity

Database

JP. VERRON

Ecothèque

coordinator

Sampling plans

Autorisations

Database

F. CESAR & C. PEIFFER

Technicians « Ecothèque »

Sampling and Sample

Preparation

Summary and conclusions

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]

Ecotheque role within Cigéo industrial project and beyond

Keep record of the reference state of the environment

Start sampling 4 years before the start of the project (if authorised)

Safe keeping of long term record of environmental evolution

Rigorous quality control of each storage steps

Data management adapted to long term storage

Allow retrospective analyses

To follow evolution of analytical techniques :

Decreasing LD/LQ

To answer change in regulation

Emerging contaminants

To answer local communities questions

Answer societal question :

» Strong demand for public consultation on industrial project

To contribute to scientific development

Provide trends over a long period of time

1st July 2015 [DRD/GES/15-0199]