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Environmental impacts risk-securing techniques
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Transcript of Environmental impacts risk-securing techniques
Presenting Group
Ishaque D-13-PG-22
Habib Rehman D-13-PG-23
Zaigham D-13-PG-24
Abdul Basit D-13-PG-27
Noshad D-13-PG-29
Miandad D-13-PG-30
Lal Bakhsh D-13-PG-31
Abid Ali D-13-PG-32
Abdul Qadir D-13-PG-33
Gul Muhammad D-13-PG-36
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Presentation Scheme
Environmental impacts of oil and gas field1
Concept of air and water pollution in petroleum industry 2
Risk securing techniques3
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Environment impacts of oil and gas field
Impacts of Exploration and Production can be categorized into following:
1. Impacts on Soil - Contamination of Soil
2. Surface & Ground disturbance –Environmental impacts by development and
modification activities
3. Impacts on Eco system – Impacts on life around the area of fields
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Impacts on Soil
Chemical and oil spill may occurs during
handling, transportation and storage and
these may contaminate soil.
Improper disposal of large volume of
Produced Saline water
Produced Saline water
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Impacts on Soil
Accidental release of
hydrocarbon and produced
water. E.g. leakages from pipe line, well head, tanks, over flow
of pits etc.
Abandon Oil not correctly
plugged.
Leakages from wells and pipesBy Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Surface & Ground disturbance
Following are the activities that creates
surface and ground disturbance such as
Site clearance , civil works & construction before drilling for exploration and production
construction of Production Facilities
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Pipelines installation and
maintenance.
Construction of roads,
Brine pits,Tank batteries
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Impacts on Eco system
Impacts on Eco system are as following
Changes in Local Traffic due to
circulation of heavy vehicles, truck, and
machineries.
Noise pollution caused by equipment
and operation that generates loud
sound.
Accidents like spills , fire and explosion
causes eventual death of human as well
as life around. Activities impacts surrounding lives
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Concept of air and water pollution in
petroleum industry
Air pollution caused by
Particulate Emission into atmosphere
generated during production and refining
operations.
Sulfur and nitrogen oxides, ammonia, acid
mist and fluorine compounds gas emission.
Air Pollution caused by emissions
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Water pollution caused by
Water contamination due to discharge of
untreated water which may occur by leakage
of produced water and hydrocarbon from
brine channels, pits and accidental releases
from flowlines and tank batteries.
Water pollution Caused by discharge of
untreated produced waterBy Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Produced water are highly saline (3000 to 350000 mg/l TDS), Organic and inorganic
components, and radium-226/228 and other radioactive materials. Solvents and acid or
alkaline materials. A growing concern facing land managers is the potential use of land for
farming, housing, or other uses where oil and gas production is no longer active but may have
left a legacy of undesirable environmental effects.
*TDS- Total dissolved solids
*Mg/L- Milligrams per litters
Water pollution ad impacts on land of farmingBy Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Risk securing techniques
Water should not be discharged. It may be reinjected into formation by depleted wells helps to
recover more oil from reservoir.
Water must be treated if it is needed to be discharged, By treatments such as:
Neutralization
Evaporation
Aeration
Flocculation
Oil & Grease Separation
Carbon Adsorption
Reverse Osmosis
Ion Exchange
Bio Treating Etc.
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Risk securing techniques
Area for Storing and handling of raw material
and products should be water proofed and
have drainage system so that spills may wash
waters can be directed to treatments
Particulate Emission can be controlled by
equipment such as cyclones, Bag filters,
Electrostatic Precipitators, scrubbers.
Electrostatic PrecipitatorsBy Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Risk securing techniques
Gases and Acid emissions such as sulfur and nitrogen oxide can be controlled by wet gas scrubbers, carbon adsorption and other techniques.
Unwanted gas should be burned by flaring in order to avoid the exposure of these hazardous gases to atmosphere. Flaring' wastes 3.5% of world's natural gas.
Dust Emissions can be controlled by water sprays
wet gas scrubbersBy Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Risk securing techniques
Accessibility of Road system must be selected as best routes having less impact & risk of
accidents .
Acoustic treatment by Enclosure of Equipment or sound proofing the building to operate
at significant noise levels.
Emergency Response Plan in case of fire, large oil spills or explosions.
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Learning Outcomes
We have gone through different types of environmental impacts due to oil and gas fields
such as soil contamination, surface and ground disturbance and impacts on eco system.
Air pollution is caused by emission of particulates and hazardous gases and water
pollution is caused by discharge of untreated produced water
The techniques involved to mitigate these issues include the treatment of water,
installation of emission capturing equipment, reducing noise levels, minimize disturbances
of life around, emergency response over catastrophic situations.
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
References
Environmental Geosciences, V.12, No.2 (June 2005) the American Association of Petroleum
Geologists/Division of Environmental Geosciences.
EIA report for Sinjhoro Gas Condensate Field, OGDCL September 2011.
Jacqueline Barboza Mariano, Emilio LebreLa Rovere, Environmental Impacts of Oil Industry-
Petroleum Engineering-DownStream
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)